Electrolyte stability is governed by its oxidation and reduction potentials, not the energy levels of HOMO LUMO.

The redox properties of metallic nanoparticles are discussed, in particular the relationships between excess charge, size and Fermi level electrons. potentials derived using simple electrostatic models to provide a straightforward understanding basic phenomena. different techniques used measure variation presented. Finally, aspects processes such as toxicity, electrochromicity surface plasmon spectroscopy discussed.

Oxygen reduction catalyzed by cofacial metalloporphyrins at the 1,2-dichlorobenzene–water interface was studied with two lipophilic electron donors of similar driving force, 1,1′-dimethylferrocene (DMFc) and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF). The reaction produces mainly water some hydrogen peroxide, but mediator has a significant effect on selectivity, as DMFc porphyrins themselves catalyze decomposition further peroxide. Density functional theory calculations indicate that biscobaltporphyrin,...

Mesoporous heteroatom-doped carbon-based nanomaterials are very promising as catalysts for electrochemical energy conversion and storage. We have developed a one-step catalytic chemical vapor deposition method to grow highly graphitized graphene nanoflake (GF)–carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid material doped simultaneously with single atoms of N, Co, Mo (N–Co–Mo–GF/CNT). This high-surface-area has mesoporous structure, which facilitates oxygen mass transfer within the catalyst film, exhibits high...

The activities of a series MoS2-based hydrogen evolution catalysts were studied by biphasic reactions monitored UV/Vis spectroscopy. Carbon supported MoS2 performed best due to an abundance catalytic edge sites and strong electronic coupling catalyst support.

Chronoamperometry was used to study the dynamics of Pt nanoparticle (NP) collision with an inert ultramicroelectrode via electrocatalytic amplification (ECA) in hydrogen evolution reaction. ECA and dynamic light scattering (DLS) results reveal that NP colloid remains stable only at low proton concentrations (1.0 mm) under a helium (He) atmosphere, ensuring events occur genuinely single level. Amperometry collisions He atmosphere shows each discrete current profile event evolves from spike...

Viologen derivatives feature two reversible one-electron redox processes and have been extensively utilized in aqueous organic flow batteries (AOFBs). However, the early variant, methyl viologen (MVi), exhibits low stability electrolytes, restricting its practical implementation AOFB technology. In this context, leveraging tunability of molecules, various substituents incorporated into core to achieve better stability, lower potential, improved solubility. work, we introduce...

Soft or "liquid–liquid" interfaces were functionalized by roughly half a monolayer of mirror-like nanofilms gold nanoparticles using precise interfacial microinjection method. The surface coverage the nanofilm was characterized ion transfer voltammetry. These nanoparticle films represent an ideal model system for studying both thermodynamic and kinetic aspects redox catalysis. electric polarization these soft is easily controllable, thus Fermi level electrons in film can be manipulated....

This article focuses on contact electrification from thermodynamic equilibration of the electrochemical potential electrons two conductors upon contact. The difference generated in bimetallic macro- and nanosystems, Fermi level after contact, amount location charge transferred one metal to other are discussed. three geometries considered spheres Janus particles, core-shell particles. In addition, force between with each is calculated found be attractive. A simple electrostatic model for...

Thermally charging all-copper batteries with high cell voltage and output power enabling heat-to-power conversion storage.

Fermi level equilibration driven charge redistribution and electric dipole formation was quantified using a simple nanocapacitor model for bimetallic nanoparticles.

Redox electrocatalysis (catalysis of electron-transfer reactions by floating conductive particles) is discussed from the point-of-view Fermi level equilibration, and an overall theoretical framework given. Examples redox in solution, bipolar configuration, at liquid-liquid interfaces are provided, highlighting that interfacial systems allow study electrocatalytic properties particles without effects support, but only measurement current directly. Additionally, photoinduced will be interest,...

Abstract The Mn III /Mn II redox couple with a standard potential of +1.51 V versus the hydrogen electrode (SHE) has attracted interest for design V/Mn flow batteries (RFBs). However, disproportionation leads to loss capacity, an increase in pressure drop, and passivation caused by formation MnO 2 particles during battery cycling. In this work, influence Ti IV or/and on stability acidic conditions is studied formulating four different electrolytes equimolar ratios (Mn, Mn/Ti, Mn/V, Mn/V/Ti)....

An all-copper redox flow battery based on strong complexation of Cu+ with acetonitrile is demonstrated, exhibiting reasonable performance. More interestingly, the can be charged by heat sources 100 °C, distilling off acetonitrile. This destabilizes complex, leading to recovery starting materials.

All-vanadium dual circuit redox flow battery capable of converting surplus electricity into hydrogen and performing simultaneous desulfurization with high efficiency.

Abstract Chronoamperometry was used to study the dynamics of Pt nanoparticle (NP) collision with an inert ultramicroelectrode via electrocatalytic amplification (ECA) in hydrogen evolution reaction. ECA and dynamic light scattering (DLS) results reveal that NP colloid remains stable only at low proton concentrations (1.0 m ) under a helium (He) atmosphere, ensuring events occur genuinely single level. Amperometry collisions He atmosphere shows each discrete current profile event evolves from...

The optical and morphological properties of lustrous metal self-healing liquid-like nanofilms were systematically studied for different applications (e.g., mirrors or filters). These formed by a one-step self-assembly methodology gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) at immiscible water–oil interfaces, previously reported our group. We investigated host experimental variables herein report their influence on the nanofilms: AuNP mean diameter, interfacial surface coverage, nature organic solvent,...

Emulsification of immiscible two-phase fluids, i.e., one condensed phase dispersed homogeneously as tiny droplets in an outer continuous medium, plays a key role medicine, food, chemical separations, cosmetics, fabrication micro- and nanoparticles capsules, dynamic optics. Herein, we demonstrate that water clusters/droplets can be formed organic via the spontaneous assembling ionic bilayers. We term these clusters ionosomes, by analogy with liposomes where are encapsulated bilayer lipid...

The kinetic rates of electrochemical reactions depend on electrodes and molecules in question. In a flow battery, where the electrolyte are charged discharged electrodes, efficiency electron transfer is crucial importance for performance device. purpose this work to present systematic atomic-level computational protocol studying between electrode. computations done by using constrained density functional theory (CDFT) ensure that either electrode or electrolyte. ab initio molecular dynamics...

Abstract Fluorenones are suitable candidates for negolytes in flow batteries, as they demonstrate the ability to store 2 electrons, and can achieve reversibility, solubility, stability with appropriate molecular design. However, limitations persist such use of alkaline media, high redox potentials, a limited scope optimization. Herein, azoniafluorenones is reported novel class negolytes. They be readily accessed highly modular fashion from inexpensive commercially available materials (e.g.,...