A5059048542- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Plant and animal studies
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant Toxicity and Pharmacological Properties
- Botanical Research and Chemistry
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Plant Disease Management Techniques
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Invertebrate Taxonomy and Ecology
- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
Netherlands Institute of Ecology
2010-2020
Aberystwyth University
2005-2007
Leiden University
2002-2006
Rare species are increasingly recognized as crucial, yet vulnerable components of Earth's ecosystems. This is also true for microbial communities, which typically composed a high number relatively rare species. Recent studies have demonstrated that can an over-proportional role in biogeochemical cycles and may be hidden driver microbiome function. In this review, we provide ecological overview the biosphere, including causes rarity impacts on ecosystem functioning. We discuss how...
Abstract Soil biodiversity plays a key role in regulating the processes that underpin delivery of ecosystem goods and services terrestrial ecosystems. Agricultural intensification is known to change diversity individual groups soil biota, but less about how affects food web as whole, whether or not these effects may be generalized across regions. We examined webs from grasslands, extensive, intensive rotations four agricultural regions Europe: Sweden, UK , Czech Republic Greece. Effects...
Intensive land use reduces the diversity and abundance of many soil biota, with consequences for processes that they govern ecosystem services these underpin. Relationships between biota have mostly been found in laboratory experiments rarely are field. Here, we quantified, across four countries contrasting climatic conditions Europe, how differences food web composition resulting from systems (intensive wheat rotation, extensive permanent grassland) influence functioning soils deliver....
Rare species are assumed to have little impact on community interactions and ecosystem processes. However, very few studies actually attempted quantify the role of rare in ecosystems. Here we compare effects soil assemblages plant-herbivore show that reduction microbes increases both plant biomass nutritional quality. Two crop growing where were reduced, had tissues higher quality, which theoretically makes them more susceptible pest organisms such as shoot-feeding aphids root-feeding...
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are increasingly appreciated for their contributions to primary productivity through promotion of growth and triggering induced systemic resistance in plants. Here we focus on the beneficial effects one particular species PGPR (Pseudomonas fluorescens) plants plant defence. This model organism has provided much understanding underlying molecular mechanisms PGPR-induced However, this knowledge can only be at full value once know what extent these...
The contribution of low-abundance microbial species to soil ecosystems is easily overlooked because there considerable overlap between metabolic abilities (functional redundancy) dominant and subordinate species. Here we studied how loss less abundant bacteria affected the production antifungal volatiles, an important factor in natural control soil-borne pathogenic fungi. We provide novel empirical evidence that bacterial leads a decline volatiles suppress root pathogens. By using...
The abundance of species is assumed to depend on their life history traits, such as growth rate and resource specialization. However, this assumption has not been tested for bacteria. Here we investigate how soil bacteria relates slow substrate specialization (oligotrophy) vs. fast generalization (copiotrophy). We collected 47 saprotrophic bacterial isolates differing abundances measured the ability use a variety single carbon sources. Opposite our expectation, there was no relationship...
There is increasing evidence that microbial volatiles (VOCs) play an important role in natural suppression of soil-borne diseases, but little known on the factors influence production suppressing VOCs. In current study we examined whether a stress-induced change soil community composition would affect by soils VOCs plant-pathogenic oomycete Pythium. Using pyrosequencing 16S ribosomal gene fragments compared bacterial communities sandy had been exposed to anaerobic disinfestation (AD),...
Land use intensification is associated with loss of biodiversity and altered ecosystem functioning. Until now most studies on the relationship between functioning focused random species, while rare species that usually are first to disappear received less attention. Here we test if effect microbial plant productivity depends origin soil community. Soils were sampled from three land types at two farms. Microbial communities increasing created by inoculating sterilized soils serially diluted...
The food webs of terrestrial soils and freshwater marine sediments depend on adjacent aboveground or pelagic ecosystems for organic matter input that provides nutrients energy. There are important similarities in the flow through these how this feeds back to primary production. In both sediments, trophic interactions occur a cycle which consumers stimulate nutrient cycling such mineralized resources made available producers. However, aquatic differ greatly connectivity between production...
Rare bacterial species have recently attracted interest due to their many potential beneficial functions. However, only little is known about cultivability. In this study we test the hypotheses that use of flow cell-sorting for cultivation results in a high proportion rare soil isolates relative taxa are abundant soil. Moreover, investigate whether different oligotrophic media and prolonged incubation time increase number cultivated species. used cell sorting select small cells separate...
The aim of this review is to combine the knowledge studies on effects nutrients pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) in Senecio with those PAs herbivores and pathogens order predict that may have via changes PAs. We discuss whether these predictions match outcome where effect insects were measured. PA concentrations S. jacobaea, vulgaris aquaticus mostly reduced by NPK fertilization, genotype-specific occurring. Plant organs varied their response increased fertilization; flowers remained constant,...
Plant-soil feedback (PSF) and plant competition play an important role in structuring vegetation composition, but their interaction remains unclear. Recent studies suggest that competing plants could dilute pathogenic effects, whereas the standing view is may increase sensitivity of focal to PSF. In agro-ecosystems each these two options would yield contrasting outcomes: reduced versus enhanced effects weeds on crop biomass production. To test effect PSF, we grew Triticum aestivum (Common...
• Changes in the defence compounds pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) roots and shoots of Senecio jacobaea are reported response to nutrient addition order investigate whether changes concentration adaptive. PA concentrations were examined leaves 40 vegetative ragwort plants, subjected four treatments a climate chamber study. Roots from 10 plants subdivided into main root cortex, vascular cylinder, lateral tips analysed for concentrations. Increasing nutrients lead significant reduction total...