The catalytic subunit of rabbit skeletal muscle cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase has been isolated in pure form. It a molecular weight 41,300, as determined by sedimentation equilibrium, which is good agreement with the value 41,000 electrophoresis presence sodium dodecyl sulfate. Sedimentation velocity determinations indicate that an S20,w 3.12 essentially independent concentration. These experiments are interpreted indicating dissociated from holoenzyme exists...

We have investigated the hypothesis that there is local regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) gene expression during skeletal muscle growth. Compensatory hypertrophy was induced in soleus, a predominantly slow-twitch muscle, and plantaris, fast-twitch 11- to 12-wk-old female Wistar rats by unilateral cutting distal gastrocnemius tendon. Animals were killed 2, 4, or 8 days later, muscles nonoperated leg served as controls. Muscle weight increased throughout experimental period,...

A random sample of pork carcasses (n = 120) was evaluated at a commercial slaughter facility. Backfat and carcass length measurements were obtained immediately after slaughter; color, firmness, marbling, loin eye area ultimate pH 48 h postmortem. Chops by six-member, experienced sensory panel. Results for palatability traits indicate that substantial variation exists most characteristics. Average backfat (mean 3.56 cm) ranged from 2.03 to 5.76 cm, 29.96 cm2) 21.42 44.52 cm2. Sensory panel...

Thymic size and T-cell function decrease with age, it has not yet been possible to totally reverse this thymic atrophy completely restore T-cell-dependent immune functions. In study, GH3 pituitary adenoma cells, which secrete growth hormone prolactin, were implanted subcutaneously into 16- 22-month-old female Wistar-Furth rats the sacrificed approximately 2 months later. Only remnants detected in aged, non-implanted rats, but thymus glands found both 18- 24-month-old that had cells. Thymus...

The abbreviations used are: cyclic AMP, adenosine 3':5'monophosphate; EGTA, ethylene glycol bis(P-aminoethyl ether) N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid, Mes, 2(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid.The regulatory subunit of AMP-dependent protein ki-

When determined under the usual conditions of an excess ligand over protein, concentration cyclic AMP necessary to activate pure preparations AMP-dependent protein kinase (EC 2.7.1.37; ATP:-protein phosphotransferase) half-maximally is in range 0.2-0.3 μM when casein or glycogen synthetase used as substrate, i.e., essentially same nucleotide that found resting skeletal muscle. The apparent dissociation constant for bound also about measured similar conditions. muscle relatively high (0.23...

ABSTRACT: The functional, nutritional, and antioxidative properties of hydrolyzed herring byproducts (head gonad) were evaluated. All freeze‐dried fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) powders light yellow contained 77% to 87% protein. degree hydrolysis was 18.3%, 13%, 10.1%, respectively, for head, whole fish, body, gonad after 75 min digestion. FPH had desirable essential amino acid profiles mineral contents. emulsifying capacity stability all lower than those egg albumin soy protein; the fat...

ABSTRACT: Water vapor permeability of cold‐ and warm‐water fish skin gelatins films was evaluated compared with different types mammalian gelatins. Alaskan pollock salmon were extracted from frozen skins, others obtained commercial sources. gelatin determined considering differences on percent relative humidity (%RH) at the film underside. Molecular weight distribution, amino acid composition, gel strength, viscoelastic properties, pH, clarity also for each gelatin. cold‐water (0.93 gmm/m 2...

ABSTRACT Chemical and sensory properties of the following thirteen muscles from ten Angus steers were evaluated: semimembranosus, semitendinosus, adductor, biceps femoris, rectus gluteus medius, psoas major, longissimus ‐ loin portion (LD‐L), rib (LD‐R), triceps, infraspinatus, pectoral, supraspinatus. Steaks (3.8 cm) cooked to 70°C internally on open hearth grills for evaluation. Muscles round chuck, excluding generally scored lower by panel than rib. The LD‐L, LD‐R, infraspinatus more...

ABSTRACT Conventionally trimmed (0.6 cm) and completely (0 prok chops were used to evaluate the effect of removing subcutaneous fat on lipid retention during broiling pork. Composition lean portion cooked was not affected by removal external before cooking. Conventional contained 4.4% either extractable trimed 4.3%. Lipid also same at 94–99%. Recovery moisture, protein, 98–99%, using ether extraction or chloroform:methanol extraction. Therefore, concept migration cooking a tenable...

A randomized complete-block design was used to evaluate the effects of β-adrenergic agonist, cimaterol (CL 263,780), on growth rate, feed efficiency and carcass composition finishing swine. The drug fed at four levels (0, .25, .5 1.0 ppm) a total 240 pigs from 64.5 103.7 kg live weight. Growth rate were measured during 7-wk feeding trial. Feeding depressed intake, improved did not alter gain. Carcass evaluation showed that continuously had 13.2, 9.3 9.2% less fat 10th rib, P2 average backfat...

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the gelation, thermal, mechanical, and oxygen permeability properties different mammalian, warm‐ cold‐water fish gelatin solutions films. Mammalian had highest gel set temperatures, followed by warm‐water then solutions. These differences were related concentrations imino acids present in each gelatin, with mammalian having lowest concentrations. films contained helical structures, whereas amorphous. This due being dried at room...

ABSTRACT The effects of different proteolytic enzymes and reaction durations (25, 50, 75 min) on functional nutritional properties red (sockeye) salmon head hydrolysates were evaluated. Degree hydrolysis values for the 75‐min digestion ranged from 6.4% to 16.7%. Oil yield (4.9% 10.6 %) heads was affected by enzyme used. Protein hydrolysate powders yellowish contained 62.3% 64.8% protein with high levels essential amino acids. Increased degree weakly correlated increased solubility. Maximum...

This study was designed to evaluate growth performance, carcass cutting yield, and processing characteristics of boneless hams bellies from finishing pigs fed diets containing 0, 5, 10, or 20 ppm the phenethanolamine ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC). Sixty were blocked by starting weight randomly assigned pens (four pigs/pen) within each three blocks. Treatments then total six 0-ppm level at 5-, 10-, 20-ppm RAC levels. Weight gain feed consumption monitored animals slaughtered block after...

The expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) genes during skeletal and cardiac muscle hypertrophy was examined using adult 5-mo-old female Wistar-Furth rats implanted with hormone-secreting GH3 cells. Control treated animals were killed at 40, 60, 80 days after initiation the experiment. From time injection to day 80, body, heart, muscle, liver weights increased 112, 93, 55, 314%, respectively. RNA extracted steady-state levels IGF-I IGF-II mRNAs quantitated a solution-hybridization...

Functional, nutritional, and thermal properties of freeze-dried protein powders (FPP) from whole herring (WHP), body (HBP), head (HHP), gonad (HGP), arrowtooth flounder fillets (AFP) were evaluated. The FPP samples have desirable nutritional functional contained 63-81.4% protein. All had essential amino acid profiles mineral contents. emulsifying fat adsorption capacities all higher than those soy concentrate. stability WHP was lower that egg albumin but greater Thermal the is in following...

To address the question of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I localization and synthesis in kidney, we used two complementary experimental approaches: immunohistochemistry fixed paraffin-embedded rat kidney sections; measurement IGF mRNA isolated components nephron, using a highly sensitive specific solution hybridization assay. Immunostainable was localized exclusively to principal cells cortical medullary collecting ducts. Administration hormone hypophysectomized rats for 8 d resulted...

Individual fish processing waste stream components can be used to make feed ingredients or other products. Waste obtained from commercial plants included heads, viscera, frames, and skins Alaska pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus); viscera pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). The protein content of heads all three species ranged 13.9 16.4%; the fat 0.9 10.9%. Viscera 13.0 15.3%, 2.0 19.1%. After heating 85C percent soluble in was different (P < 0.05) heads....