The Charipinae Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910 present in the Palaearctic region are revised; 2410 specimens have been identified, belonging to 75 species: 52 Alloxysta, one Apocharips, six Dilyta and 16 Phaenoglyphis. For 33 species, new country-level distribution records provided. Two species here described: Alloxysta palearctica Ferrer-Suay Pujade-Villar sp. nov. pascuali A diagnosis for these is included their diagnostic features shown different figures. key identify all of also given.

The Kinsey collection of gall wasps deposited in the American Museum Natural History was studied. Some species genus Andricus were originally described based on cotypes: A. furnaceus, incomptum, marmoreus, peredurus, and tecturnarum. type series furnaceus peredurus previously studied lectotypes designated. Lectotypes are here designated for Comments photographs galls these included. Also some generic synonymies other discussed.

A new species, Synergus mongolicus Pujade-Villar & Wang n. sp., is described from galls collected on twigs of Quercus mongolica. The morphological characters useful for differentiating the species are also discussed. Three inquilines recorded China first time: Saphonecrus shirakashii, belizinellus and S. symbioticus. tianmushanus considered a syn. shirakashii based comparison types. taiwanensis name proposed lithocarpii Schwéger Melika, 2015 by homonymy with lithocarpi Pujade-Villar,...

It has become increasingly evident that many organisms rely on microbial symbionts for defense against natural enemies, but the ecological importance of defensive communities still needs to be investigated. A well-known example is Hamiltonella defensa, a heritable endosymbiotic bacterium commonly found in aphids. Laboratory experiments have shown H. defensa strongly protects aphids parasitic wasps (parasitoids), although this protection not equally effective different species parasitoids, or...

Molecular techniques, such as DNA Barcoding, are useful in species identification. BOLDSystems, or Barcode of Life Data System, is an open repository database developed by the Centre for Biodiversity Genomics (CBG) that holds millions sequences. This online workbench and groups organizes molecular morphological information, makes data available to scientific community. One limitation BOLDSystems has been reliability accuracy identifications. To evaluate usefulness data, we examined 229...

Phylogenetically the genus Atrusca Kinsey forms a very distinct clade; is most closely related to Cynips (= Besbicus), Philonix and Xanthoteras gen rev.. Morphologically, resembles Besbicus) Antron. This study reviews including 42 species. Three new synonyms are proposed: vanescens (Kinsey, 1930), syn. nov. of bella (Bassett, 1881), oriunda 1936), oriens vulgata vasta 1936). Two species transferred other genera, sagata (Kinsey) Sphaeroteras A. clavuloides back gen. rev., which here...

The Charipinae (Cynipoidea: Figitidae) are a small group of Hymenoptera biologically characterized as being secondary parasitoids aphids and psyllids (Hemiptera) (Menke & Evenhuis, 1991). A total 281 species have been described since the first was by Westwood (1833) (including two fossils, one them recently transferred in new family, Protimaspidae). An updated world catalogue is presented here, with 168 valid species: 111 included Alloxysta Förster, 31 Phaenoglyphis 13 Dilyta 5...

Type material of the species Alloxysta described by Cameron and Fergusson deposited in Natural History Museum London has been revised. Seven are considered valid: abdera Fergusson, 1986, A. basimacula (Cameron, 1886), crassa 1889), mullensis 1883), piceomaculata pleuralis 1879) semiaperta 1986. basimacula, crassa, maculicollis perplexa 1889) here removed from synonymy with macrophadna (Hartig,1841). ruficeps 1883) is victrix (Westwood, 1833). caledonica 1886) synonymized basimacula....

Abstract Parasitoids are important natural enemies of aphids in wheat fields northern China, and interest them has increased recent years. However, little is known regarding parasitoids aphids, which hindered the study understanding aphid-parasitoid interactions. In present study, three primary 15 hyperparasitoids were collected during a 2-year survey China (2014, 2015) investigation at Langfang, Hebei Province (2015, 2016). Among them, Aphidius uzbekistanicus Luzhetski was found most...

The hymenopteran subfamily Charipinae (Cynipoidea: Figitidae) consist of a group parasitic wasps that are exclusive hyperparasitoids Hemipteran. species boundaries in have historically been unclear. While diagnostic morphological features established for the stepwise separation species, it is recommended to confirm those limits using molecular data. Here, we focus on genera Alloxysta Förster, 1869 and Phaenoglyphis 1869, both which contain aphids. We sequenced three genes (mitochondrial COI...

The subfamily Charipinae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) has had a problematic taxonomic history as many species have been described without comprehensive revisions being undertaken. Reliably identifying these based on morphological assessment almost impossible. Recently, the types of all re-examined and photographed, resulting in numerous corrections that published elsewhere. Consequently, summary checklist ever within is provided with their current accepted status, including...

The Charipinae from the Asian continent has been poorly studied. Previous to this study, 28 species of had mentioned: 19 Alloxysta, 5 Dilyta, 1 Lobopterocharips, and 3 Phaenoglyphis. fauna Asia was Eleven new are described: Alloxysta asiatica Ferrer-Suay Pujade-Villar sp. nov., nepalica nippona paretasmartinezi pilosa samurai sharkeyi Phaenoglyphis chinensis indica japonica nov. New records given Eastern Palaearctic Oriental regions for arcuata (Kieffer, 1902), brevis (Thomson, 1862),...

Abstract Charipinae collected in different regions of Mexico have been studied. Twelve species are cited for the first time: Alloxysta arcuata (Kieffer, 1902), brevis (Thomson, 1862), castanea (Hartig, 1841), fuscicornis mullensis (Cameron, 1883) ; victrix (Westwood, 1833 ); Phaenoglyphis americanaBaker, 1896; calvertiAndrews, 1978; falcataAndrews, stenosAndrews, stricta 1877); and villosa 1841). Three new described: evenhuisi Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar n. sp., mexicana sarae sp. The...

The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a serious pest of across the globe, particularly in agroecosystems northern China. Parasitic wasps are deemed to be important natural enemies A. gossypii, but limited information exists about their species composition, richness and seasonal dynamics In this study, we combine sampling over broad geographical area with intensive field trials course three cropping seasons describe parasitoid-hyperparasitoid communities crops. We...

Abstract Context Maintaining a balance between semi-natural habitats and arable land is not always feasible for farmers. The promotion of biological control agents can be addressed through management at farm or field level, and/or by deploying lower intensity, biodiversity-friendly practices which act either directly indirectly their effect the plant community. Objectives We studied effects on cereal aphids parasitoids agricultural landscape levels. tested organic conventional farming,...

Abstract Biologically, New Zealand is an important country for its high levels of endemism. However, the recorded fauna Charipinae in this included only three cosmopolitan species: Alloxysta fuscicornis (Hartig), victrix (Westwood) and Phaenoglyphis villosa (Hartig). Here, we describe first endemic charipines Zealand: rubidus n. sp. thorpei This significantly increases knowledge cynipoid diversity Australasia, where hymenopteran group very poorly known. The new species are diagnosed,...

Charipinae hyperparasitoids affect effectiveness of the primary parasitoids aphids by decreasing their abundance and modifying behavior. As a result, increase aphid populations can cause severe yield losses in some crops. Therefore, ecological studies on subfamily have great economical biological importance. Host specificity these is still under debate for many species very little known about trophic relations. Here, we give comprehensive overview relationships between genus Alloxysta...

Abstract The Charipinae material deposited in the United States National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution) and some specimens Canadian Collection Insects from Nearctic region have been revised. In all, 337 included this study 27 species determined. Sixteen are reported for first time region: Alloxysta arcuata (Kieffer, 1902), brevis (Thomson, 1862), castanea (Hartig, 1841), citripes darci (Girault, 1933), fracticornis halterata macrophadna mullensis (Cameron, 1883),...

Abstract Alloxysta Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) type material of 19 nominal species deposited in the Canadian National Collection Insects (Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) and United States Museum Natural History (Washington, District Columbia, America) were studied. Nine are treated as valid: A. australiae (Ashmead, 1900), commensuratus Andrews, 1978, japonicus 1904), lachni 1885), longiventris Baker, 1896, minuscula nothofagi 1976, vandenboschi xanthopsis 1896). The following synonymies...

Aphids are a serious pest for peach crops. They have traditionally been managed with insecticides, but there is increasing concern about the risk that insecticides pose to both humans and environment. As first step use biological control in aphid management, we conducted 3-year field survey northeastern Spain determine which parasitoids hyperparasitoids were most prevalent on two aphids, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) Hyalopterus spp. Koch, harmful trees. We collected 11 parasitoid species from M....

Due to their small size and smooth body, members of the figitid genus Alloxysta can be notoriously difficult identify based on morphology alone. Moreover, several species are suspected contain brachypterous variants that previously have been described under separate names. We used gene sequences mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI, DNA barcodes) internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) investigate relationships between within genus. Our results show there is considerably more...

Hartig's collection of Alloxysta species, deposited in the Zoologische Staatssammlung Museum (ZSM, Munich, Germany), is here reviewed. In total, 19 species and 144 specimens have been studied. Fourteen previous twenty-two, are now valid: aperta (Hartig, 1841), A. brachyptera 1840), castanea circumscripta fuscicornis leunisii longipennis macrophadna melanogaster obscurata pilipennis postica minuta 1840) rufiventris 1840). These redescribed their morphological features illustrated...

Charipinae Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910 material collected during the ATBI of Mercantour National Park in Alpes-Maritimes (France) has been studied. Based on study 362 specimens, 35 species four genera have identified from: 23 Alloxysta Förster, 1869; 10 Phaenoglyphis one Apocharips Fergusson, 1986 and Dilyta 1869. Of these, 19 are recorded from France for first time: abdera 1986; arcuata (Kieffer, 1902); brachycera Hellén, 1963; brevis (Thomson, 1962); fracticornis 1862); mullensis (Cameron,...