Fixed-time and prescribed-time consensus control can bring an explicit estimate of the settling time without dependence on initial conditions, which is important in providing engineers <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a priori</i> system information. This article aims at presenting a survey recent trends methodologies fixed-time multiagent systems. First, some typical results are reviewed. Despite advantage deriving fixed...

System splitting problem (SS problem) is to determine proper points (or called strategies) split the entire interconnected transmission network into islands ensuring generation/load balance and satisfaction of capacity constraints when islanding operation a system unavoidable. For large-scale power system, its SS very complicated in general because combinatorial explosion strategy space happens. This paper mainly studies how find strategies systems using an ordered binary decision diagrams...

A design method to lay emphasis on a differential geometric approach for decentralized nonlinear optimal excitation control of multimachine power systems is suggested in this paper. The law achieved implemented via purely local measurements. Moreover, it independent the parameters networks. Simulations are performed six-machine system. It has been demonstrated that could adapt conditions under large disturbances. Besides, paper verified sense LQR principle linearized system equivalent an...

System splitting problem, also known as controlled system separation is to determine the proper points for entire power network into islands when island operation of unavoidable. By "proper" we mean that strategies should guarantee both balance and satisfaction capacity constraints transmission lines other facilities in each island. The problem very hard because strategy space huge even middle-scale networks. This paper proposes a two-phase method search real-time. narrows down using highly...

Nitrogen implantation of Mo gate was used to fabricate MOS capacitors and CMOS transistors. Initial studies demonstrate that the work function is sensitive nitrogen energy. with (110) orientation exhibits a high function, making it suitable for bulk p-MOSFET electrodes. can be lower n-MOSFET A reduction 0.42 eV achieved n-FETs on wafers. With further optimization, this single metal technology may potentially replace conventional poly-Si also multiple-V <sub...

As an effective approach of implementing power load shifting, fostering the accommodation renewable energy, such as wind and solar generation, energy storage technique is playing important role in smart grid internet. Compressed air (CAES) a promising technology due to its cleanness, high efficiency, low cost, long service life. This paper surveys state-of-the-art technologies CAES, makes endeavors demonstrate fundamental principles, classifications operation modes CAES. Critical subsystems...

A novel output current estimation and regulation circuit for the primary side controlled high power factor (PF) single-stage flyback LED is proposed in this paper. The composed of a negative feedback networks. can estimate then achieve through feedback. suitable discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) boundary (BCM). half-sine waveform followed by current, hence PF be achieved. Detailed theoretical analysis design considerations were presented. Two 340 mA/25 V laboratory driver prototypes...

This paper deals with the problem of environmental monitoring by developing an event-triggered finite-time control scheme for mobile sensor networks. The proposed can be executed each node independently and consists two parts: one part is a consensus algorithm while other rule. employed to enable positions velocities nodes quickly track position velocity virtual leader in finite time. rule used reduce updating frequency controllers order save computational resources nodes. Some stability...

This article deals with the problem of leader-following consensus for multiple wheeled mobile robots. Under a directed graph, distributed observer is proposed each follower to estimate leader state in fixed time. Based on and constructed nonlinear manifold, novel protocol designed such that estimated tracked Moreover, switching together linear manifold ensure fixed-time realized any initial conditions without causing singularity issues. In contrast alternative protocols some existing...

System splitting, also called controlled system islanding, can effectively prevent blackouts. Following the OBDD-based three-phase method given in for proper splitting strategies, which satisfy necessary steady-state constraints, This work studies feasibility of strategies by means power transient simulations on IEEE 118-bus system. Simulation results show that a considerable proportion successfully split into stable islands. Furthermore, considering general knowledge easily maintain its...

We report the first demonstration of a dual-metal gate complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology using titanium (Ti) and molybdenum (Mo) as electrodes for N-metal field effect transistors (N-MOSFETs) P-metal (P-MOSFETs), respectively. The dielectric stack consists silicon oxy-nitride interfacial layer nitride (Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/) formed by rapid-thermal chemical vapor deposition (RTCVD) process. C-V characteristics show negligible depletion. Carrier mobilities comparable to...

As the gate oxide thickness decreases below 2 nm, leakage current increases dramatically due to direct tunneling current. This large will be an obstacle reducing for high speed operation of future devices. A MOS transistor with Ta/sub 2/O/sub 5/ dielectric is fabricated and characterized as a possible replacement transistors ultra-thin silicon dioxide. Mobility, I/sub d/-V/sub d/, g/, current, capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics are evaluated compared SiO/sub 2/ transistors. The three...

A framework for optimal load-frequency control (LFC) in deregulated environments is proposed. The objective function of optimisation incorporates both the indices economy and stability with their own physical meanings. Under this framework, problem market-based LFC formulated to be an functional extremum. Since structure-preserving model power systems adopted order consider characteristics loads, constrained by differential algebraic-equation (DAEs). Then a quasi-Newton algorithm put forward...

A novel integrated buck-flyback nonisolated power factor (PF) correction (PFC) converter is proposed in this paper. This new an inherent integration of a buck and flyback converter, which operates either mode or according to whether the input voltage lower higher than output voltage. In way, dead zones ac current traditional PFC are eliminated. Therefore, can achieve high PF under universal range, its harmonics easily meet IEC61000-3-2 Class C limits. The efficiency not deteriorated...

The single-stage forward-flyback power factor correction converter with quasi-resonant (QR) control is studied in this paper. This merges flyback and forward through a common transformer. Only the subconverter works when input voltage lower than reflected output while both operate to share rest region. dead zones which exist ac current of traditional are eliminated high can be achieved. Two different QR schemes have been studied. Detailed analysis, optimal design considerations, comparison...

This paper deals with the problem of odor source localization by designing and analyzing a finite-time motion control strategy (FTMCS), which consists parallel algorithm circular algorithm. Specifically, architecture is first given includes two important modules: 1) coordinating module; 2) tracking module. In module, robots communicate each other to coordinate their virtual position velocity such that consensus accurate shape decided potential function can be reached within interval....

The interconnection between initially independent energy infrastructures offers additional system flexibility and efficiency. integration at distribution level simplifies the implementation of integrated functionalities. This paper proposes concepts design principles a smart micro grid (MEG) for accommodating micro-grids, distributed poly-generation systems, storage facilities, associated infrastructures. management is responsible operation MEG while supporting multiple criteria, such as...

The impact of the upstream and downstream fuel injection ratio on flame stabilization combustion modes in a cavity-based scramjet was investigated. Three different schemes with global equivalence 0.73 were comparatively researched. kerosene ratios regions 3:1, 1:1, 1:4. typical transition mode identified by using multispectral imaging, high-speed framing CH* chemiluminescence, wall pressure measurement. experimental results showed that cavity shear layer occurred combustor 75% ratio. When...