Abstract Following in a psychological and musicological tradition beginning with Leonard Meyer, continuing through David Huron, we present functional, cognitive account of the phenomenon expectation music, grounded computational, probabilistic modeling. We summarize range evidence for this approach, from psychology, neuroscience, musicology, linguistics, creativity studies, argue that simulating is an important part understanding broad human faculties, music beyond.

The Implication-Realization (IR) theory (Narmour, 1990) posits two cognitive systems involved in the generation of melodic expectations: first consists a limited number symbolic rules that are held to be innate and universal; second reflects top-down influences acquired stylistic knowledge. Aspects both have been implemented as quantitative models research which has yielded empirical support for components (Cuddy & Lunny, 1995; Krumhansl, 1995a, 1995b; Schellenberg, 1996, 1997). However,...

In previous approaches to repetition discovery in music, the music be analysed has been represented using strings. However, there are certain types of interesting musical repetitions that cannot discovered string algorithms. We propose a geometric approach which is as multidimensional dataset. Certain found algorithms can efficiently process datasets. Our allows polyphonic monophonic and it used discover repeated patterns “with gaps” timbre, dynamic rhythmic structure passage well its pitch...

Grouping and boundary perception are central to many aspects of sensory processing in cognition. We present a comparative study recently published computational models music. In doing so, we make three contributions. First, hypothesise relationship between expectation grouping auditory perception, introduce novel information-theoretic model perceptual segmentation test the hypothesis. Although apply musical melody, it is applicable principle sequential other areas Second, address...

N-Gram based models have been used for a variety of musical tasks including computer-assisted composition, machine improvisation, music information retrieval, stylistic analysis and cognitive modelling. We present an application-independent evaluation some recent techniques improving the performance subclass n-gram on range monophonic data. applied these incrementally to eight melodic datasets using cross entropy computed by 10-fold cross-validation each dataset as our metric. The results...

In this article, we survey the history of studies computational creativity, following development International Conference on Computational Creativity from its beginnings, a decade ago, in two parallel workshop series. We give brief outline key issues and summary various different approaches taken by participants research field. The outlook is optimistic: lot has been achieved 10 years.

Creativity is the hallmark of human cognition and behind every innovation, scientific discovery, piece music, artwork, idea that have shaped our lives, from ancient times till today. Yet understanding creative processes quite limited, mostly due to traditional belief considers creativity as a mysterious puzzle, paradox, defying empirical enquiry. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in revealing neural correlates creativity. Though many these studies, pioneering nature, help...

Transformer models have made great strides in generating symbolically represented music with local coherence. However, controlling the development of motifs a structured way global form remains an open research area. One reasons for this challenge is due to note-by-note autoregressive generation such models, which lack ability correct themselves after deviations from motif. In addition, their structural performance on datasets shorter durations has not been studied literature. study, we...

The importance of recommender systems has grown in recent years, as these are becoming one the primary ways which we access content on Internet. Along with their use, concerns about fairness recommendations they propose have rightfully risen. Recommender known to be affected by popularity bias, disproportionate preference towards popular items. While this bias stems from human tendencies, algorithms used can amplify it, resulting unfair treatment end-users and/or creators. This article...

Rhythm is an inherent aspect of human behavior, present from infancy and embedded in cultural practices. At the core rhythm perception lies meter anticipation, a spontaneous process brain that typically occurs before actual beats. This anticipation can be framed as time series prediction problem. From perspective embodied system although many models have been developed for prediction, most prioritize accuracy over biological realism, contrasting with natural imprecision internal clocks....

Our aim in this paper is to clarify the range of motivations that have inspired development computer programs for composition music. We consider be important since different methodologies are appropriate and goals. argue a widespread failure specify goals involved has lead methodological malaise music related research. A brief consideration some earliest attempts produce computational systems leads us identify four activities involving which compose each by practical or theoretical...

Abstract We explore the application of statistical techniques, borrowed from natural language processing, to music. A probabilistic method is used capture and generalise local harmonic movement a corpus seventeenth-century dance The grammars so generated are then for experiments in generation (composition). preprocessed novel way, automatically converting harmonies into normal form underlying similarities between pieces. It marked up with constituent boundaries (beginnings ends pieces,...

The field of computational creativity, including musical metacreation, strives to develop artificial systems that are capable demonstrating creative behavior or producing artefacts. But the claim creativity is often assessed, subjectively only on part researcher and not objectively at all. This article provides theoretical motivation for more systematic evaluation metacreation computationally presents an overview current methods used assess human machine may be adapted this purpose. In order...

This research explored the relations between predictability of musical structure, expressive timing in performance, and listeners' perceived tension. Studies analyzing influence on affective responses have been constrained by fact that, most pieces, notated durations limit performers' interpretive freedom. To circumvent this issue, we focused unmeasured prelude, a semi-improvisatory genre without durations. In Experiment 1, 12 professional harpsichordists recorded an prelude harpsichord...