A5044076848- Plant and animal studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
- Botanical Research and Chemistry
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
- Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation
South Dakota State University
2016-2025
Health Affairs
2023-2024
Oxford University Press (United Kingdom)
2023
University of Maryland, College Park
2009-2022
American Institute of Biological Sciences
2014-2020
South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station
2017
Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station
2017
Pitzer College
2014
Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies
2014
University of Minnesota
2014
▪ Abstract Floral evolution has often been associated with differences in pollination syndromes. Recently, this conceptual structure criticized on the grounds that flowers attract a broader spectrum of visitors than one might expect based their syndromes and diverge without excluding type pollinator favor another. Despite these criticisms, we show provide great utility understanding mechanisms floral diversification. Our conclusions are importance organizing pollinators into functional...
Fragmentation of animal and plant populations typically leads to genetic erosion increased probability extirpation. Although these effects can usually be reversed by re-establishing gene flow between population fragments, managers sometimes fail do so due fears outbreeding depression (OD). Rapid development OD is primarily adaptive differentiation from selection or fixation chromosomal variants. Fixed variants detected empirically. We used an extended form the breeders' equation predict...
Abstract Thousands of small populations are at increased risk extinction because genetics and evolutionary biology not well‐integrated into conservation planning–a major lost opportunity for effective actions. We propose that if the outbreeding depression is low, default should be to evaluate restoration gene flow inbred diploid organisms were isolated by human activities within last 500 years, rather than inaction. outline elements a scientific‐based genetic management policy fragmented...
Abstract Since the first half of twentieth century, evolutionary theory has been dominated by idea that mutations occur randomly with respect to their consequences 1 . Here we test this assumption large surveys de novo in plant Arabidopsis thaliana In contrast expectations, find less often functionally constrained regions genome—mutation frequency is reduced inside gene bodies and two-thirds essential genes. With independent genomic mutation datasets, including from largest accumulation...
Abstract. The presence or absence of epistasis, gene interaction, is explicitly assumed in many evolutionary models. Although empirical studies have documented a role epistasis population divergence under laboratory conditions, there been very few attempts at quantifying the native environment where natural selection expected to act. In addition, we little understanding frequency with which contributes evolution populations. this study used quantitative genetic design quantify contribution...
Abstract. Studies of many plants species have demonstrated adaptive genetic differentiation to local environmental conditions. Typically these studies are conducted evaluate adaptation contrasting environments. As a consequence, although has been frequently demonstrated, we little information as the spatial scale evolution. We evaluated between populations annual legume Chamaecrista fasciculata using replicated common‐garden design. Study sites were established in three field locations that...
Abstract: The deleterious consequences of inbreeding have been well documented. There are, however, few empirical studies that examined the restoring heterozygosity and hence fitness inbred populations by conducting interpopulation crosses measuring performance later‐generation hybrids under field conditions. We conducted 100 m to 2000 km, which spans range Chamaecrista fasciculata ( Fabaceae) in eastern North America. then contrasted F1 later‐segregating F3 with parental generation. found...
Both pollen and seed dispersal components of gene flow were examined in the annual plant Chamaecrista fasciculata (Leguminosae) quantified terms Wright's neighborhood area. Pollen was estimated by measuring pollinator flight movement throughout flowering season contribution carryover to determined comparing with electrophoretic markers an experimental transect. Phenological effects on probability fruit set measured determine whether pollinations should be weighted differentially across...
Flowers with highly specialized pollination systems sometimes have the ability to self‐pollinate, contradicting our notion that specialization reflects selective pressures ensure high maternal outcrossing rates. We survey literature (80 species representing 38 families) for simultaneous study of and breeding systems. demonstrate is often associated a variety floral traits facilitate delayed autonomous selfing at end flower's life span. While potential rate can be high, actual much lower,...
Mutations are the ultimate source of all genetic variation. However, few direct estimates contribution mutation to molecular variation available. To address this issue, we first analyzed rate and spectrum mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana reference accession after 25 generations single-seed descent. We then compared profile these accumulation (MA) lines against observed 1001 Genomes Project. The estimated haploid single nucleotide (SNM) for A. is 6.95 × 10-9 (SE ± 2.68 10-10) per site...
A pervasive hypothesis at the interface of ecology and evolution is that biotic interactions contribute to regional biodiversity by accelerating adaptation speciation. We investigated this question in context closely related, bumble bee‐pollinated plants ( Pedicularis spp.) Hengduan Mountains south‐central China, where they exhibit spectacular levels richness, endemism, floral diversity. Because these species co‐occur frequently, flower synchronously, share pollinators during brief...
Why are some traits and trait combinations exceptionally common across the tree of life, whereas others vanishingly rare? The distribution diversity a clade at any time depends on ancestral state clade, rate which new phenotypes evolve, differences in speciation extinction rates lineages, whether an equilibrium has been reached. Here we examine role transition rates, differential diversification (speciation minus extinction) non-equilibrium dynamics evolutionary history angiosperms, well...
As pollination biology undergoes unprecedented growth as a discipline, confusion in the use of terms has become increasingly common. The need for flexible yet unambiguous terminology urgent. an example we discuss how term “pollination efficiency” is used differently by 18 studies, and “pollinator effectiveness” seven others. Here present flowcharts two general models systems (biotic abiotic) that trace all events from pollen production to development seed or fruit, develop lexicon quantities...
The focus of this study was to examine the consequences five sequential generations enforced selfing and outcrossing in two annual populations mixed-mating Mimulus guttatus. Our primary goal determine whether purging deleterious recessive alleles occurs uniformly between among families, thus gain insights into mode gene action (dominance, overdominance, and/or epistasis) governing expression inbreeding depression at both population family levels across life cycle.
We tested for an association between nectar and various floral traits investigated their roles as primary secondary pollinator attractants in hummingbird-pollinated Silene virginica. Our goal was to gain insight into the mechanisms of pollinator-mediated selection that underlies trait divergence within genus. In a field population S. virginica, we measured five eight vegetative quantified volume, sugar concentration, total reward (nectar volume × concentration). All three components were...
The role of gene establishment in flow was investigated a population the annual legume Chamaecrista fasciculata by determining effect interparent distance on progeny fitness throughout entire life history. A decelerating gain with increasing observed. Selfed suffered 2-fold disadvantage compared to derived from mating events between individuals same neighborhood. Progeny within neighborhood crosses had lower than neighborhoods. Coupling information dispersal resulted considerable increase...
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