Previous studies have demonstrated genetic variation for resistance to insect herbivores and host plant quality. The effect of mating system, an important determinant the distribution variation, on characteristics has received almost no attention. This study used a controlled greenhouse experiment examine self‐ cross‐pollination in Mimulus guttatus (Scrophulariaceae) quality xylem‐feeding spittlebug Philaenus spumarius (Homoptera: Cercopidae). Spittlebugs were found negative two fitness...

The focus of this study was to examine the consequences five sequential generations enforced selfing and outcrossing in two annual populations mixed-mating Mimulus guttatus. Our primary goal determine whether purging deleterious recessive alleles occurs uniformly between among families, thus gain insights into mode gene action (dominance, overdominance, and/or epistasis) governing expression inbreeding depression at both population family levels across life cycle.

Most models of mating system evolution predict mixed to be unstable, although it is commonly reported from nature. Ecological interactions with mutualistic pollinators can help account for this discrepancy, but antagonists such as herbivores are also likely play a role. In addition, inbreeding alter ecological and directly affect selfing rates, which may contribute maintaining variation. We explored herbivore effects on pollinator behavior rates in Mimulus guttatus . First, individual...

Abstract A potential driver of pollinator declines that has been hypothesized but seldom documented is the introduction exotic species. International trade often involves movement many insect pollinators, especially bees, beyond their natural range. For agricultural purposes or by inadvertent cargo shipment, bee species successfully establishing in new ranges could compete with native bees for food and nesting resources. In Mid-Atlantic United States, two Asian mason ( Osmia taurus O....

Self-fertilizing taxa are often found at the range margins of their progenitors, where sub-optimal habitats may select for alternative physiological strategies. The extent to which self-fertilization is favoured directly vs. arising indirectly through correlations with other adaptive life history traits unclear. Trait responses selection depend on genetic variation and covariation, as well phenotypic altered environmental conditions. We tested predictions hypothesis that in Mimulus arises...

In prior work we detected no significant inbreeding depression for pollen and ovule production in the highly selfing Mimulus micranthus, but both characters showed high mixed-mating M. guttatus. The goal of this study was to determine if genetic load these traits guttatus could be purged a program enforced selfing. These should have been under much stronger selection our artificial breeding than previously reported such as biomass total flower because, example, plants unable produce viable...

Inbreeding, which is common in plants, may increase the vulnerability of populations to natural enemies. Similarly, enemies expression inbreeding depression their hosts, resulting altered selection on host mating-system evolution. To examine effects tolerance herbivory, we transplanted experimentally self- and cross-fertilized plants into four field Mimulus guttatus applied single Philaenus spumarius (spittlebug) nymphs half. At end growing season, scored for five fitness components...

We examined the effect of self‐ and cross‐pollination on germination success, flowering probability, pollen ovule production, survivorship, adult aboveground biomass in two species Mimulus with contrasting mating systems: highly seifing M. micranthus an outcrossing population guttatus. Cross‐pollinations were performed both within between populations order to examine scale at which genetic load is distributed. found significant inbreeding depression guttatus four six traits, highest observed...

Journal Article THE MOLECULAR CLOCK AND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POPULATION SIZE GENERATION TIME Get access Lin Chao, Chao Department of Zoology MD 20742 USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David E. Carr Botany University Maryland College Park Evolution, Volume 47, Issue 2, 1 April 1993, Pages 688–690, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb02124.x Published: 01 1993 history Received: 21 January 1992 Accepted: 14 August

Several recent theoretical considerations of mating‐system evolution predict within‐population covariation between levels inbreeding depression and genetically controlled characters. If is caused by deleterious recessive alleles, families with characters that promote self‐pollination should show lower than outcrossing. The converse expected if due to overdominant allelic interactions. Whether these associations viability loci evolve will have important consequences for evolution. selfing...

Abstract Floral odours play an important role in attracting insect pollinators. Because pollinators visit flowers to obtain pollen and nectar rewards, they should prefer floral odour profiles associated with the highest‐rewarding (honest signals). In previous work, bumblebees exhibited a preference for from outbred over inbred Mimulus guttatus plants. Pollen is only reward M. , viability (a reliable indicator of protein content) reduced Yet, differences did not explain observed preferences....

Abstract Theoretical models of the evolution resource allocation patterns to male and female function make assumption that there are inherent trade‐offs between two. Here we use a quantitative genetic approach quantify determine whether plant populations could readily respond natural selection by quantifying amount variation for pollen ovule production. Both intra‐ interspecific crossing designs were applied two predominantly outcrossing Mimulus guttatus highly selfing congener, M....

Nearly all bees rely on pollen as the sole protein source for development of their larvae. The central importance bee life cycle should exert strong selection ability to locate most rewarding sources pollen. Despite this importance, very few studies have examined influence intraspecific variation in rewards foraging decisions bees. Previous demonstrated that inbreeding reduces viability and hence content Mimulus guttatus (seep monkeyflower) strongly discriminate against inbred favour outbred...

As the evolutionary importance of plant tolerance herbivory is increasingly appreciated, more and studies are not just measuring a plant's tolerance, but comparing among genotypes, populations, species, environments. Here, we suggest that caution must be taken in such comparative choice measurement scales (and data transformations) for damage levels performance. We demonstrate with simple scenario two groups equal how can lead one to infer first group tolerant, second or equally...