A5054576259- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Wind Energy Research and Development
- Wave and Wind Energy Systems
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Geological formations and processes
- Marine and fisheries research
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Water-Energy-Food Nexus Studies
- Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Aquatic and Environmental Studies
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Energy Load and Power Forecasting
- Global Energy and Sustainability Research
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Social Acceptance of Renewable Energy
Bangor University
2015-2024
Kasetsart University
2022
University of Strathclyde
2004
Imperial College London
2004
Biodiversity is of crucial importance for ecosystem functioning, sustainability and resilience, but the magnitude organization marine diversity at a range spatial taxonomic scales are undefined. In this paper, we use second-generation sequencing to unmask putatively diverse metazoan biodiversity in Scottish temperate benthic ecosystem. We show that remarkable differences occurred microgeographical refute currently accepted ecological paradigms meiofaunal identity, rank abundance concomitant...
Tidal-stream energy devices currently require spring tide velocities (SV) in excess of 2.5 m/s and water depths the range 25–50 m. The tidal-stream resource Irish Sea, a key strategic region for development, was analysed using 3D hydrodynamic model assuming existing, potential future technology. Three computational grid resolutions two boundary forcing products were used within configuration, each being extensively validated. A limited (annual mean 4 TJ 90 km2 extent) calculated current...
Tidal energy is one of the most predictable forms renewable energy. Although there has been much commercial and R&D progress in tidal stream energy, range a more mature technology, with power plants having history that extends back over 50 years. With 2017 publication "Hendry Review" examined feasibility lagoon UK, it timely to review plants. Here, we explain main principles plants, two research areas: present future resource, optimization We also discuss how variability electricity...
Abstract Assessing how natural environmental drivers affect biodiversity underpins our understanding of the relationships between complex biotic and ecological factors in ecosystems. Of all ecosystems, anthropogenically important estuaries represent a ‘melting pot’ stressors, typified by extreme salinity variations associated biological complexity. Although existing models attempt to predict macroorganismal diversity over estuarine gradients, attempts model microbial are limited for...
As devices move from full-scale prototype to commercial installations, it is important that developers have detailed knowledge of the tidal energy resource. Therefore, spatial distribution currents over northwest European shelf seas has been examined improve understanding tidal-stream Using a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model (ROMS) at ∼1 km resolution, and applying device characteristics Seagen-S turbine, we show ratio amplitudes M2 S2 can lead significant variability in annual practical...
Abstract Aim Meiofaunal communities that inhabit the marine benthos offer unique opportunities to simultaneously study macroecology of numerous phyla exhibit different life‐history strategies. Here, we ask: (1) if meiobenthic is explained mainly by dispersal constraints or environmental conditions; and (2) levels meiofaunal diversity surpass existing estimates based on morphological taxonomy. Location UK mainland European coast. Methods Next‐generation sequencing techniques ( NGS ; R oche...
Realistic oceanographic conditions are essential to consider in the design of resilient tidal-stream energy devices that can make meaningful contributions global emissions targets. Depth-averaged or simplified velocity profiles often used studies device performance, interaction with environment. We improve representation flow at regions by characterising profile. At two potential sites, 1/7th power-law a bed-roughness coefficient 0.4 accurately described observed profile on average (>1 month...
Connectivity within marine species plays a fundamental role in population dynamics, genetic diversity, spread of disease, and resilience to human exploitation. However, for shellfish that are sessile as adults, the larval‐dispersal stage remains largely unresolved. Appreciation larval connectivity is therefore crucial genetics management. We describe coupled three‐dimensional hydrodynamic Lagrangian particle tracking model used simulate transport show how temporal spatial changes, together...
As the marine renewable energy industry evolves, in parallel with an increase quantity of available data and improvements validated numerical simulations, it is occasionally appropriate to re-assess wave tidal resource a region. This particularly true for Scotland - leading nation that international community monitors developments industry, which has witnessed much progress sector over last decade. With 7 leased 17 sites, well poised generate significant levels electricity from its abundant...
When selecting suitable sites for tidal stream energy arrays a wide range of factors must be considered, from the magnitude resource, to realistic oceanographic conditions. Previous computational and laboratory-scale investigations into impact waves upon turbines (such as turbine blade loadings) array configuration) typically assume that propagate "inline" current (waves following or opposing with 20° tolerance limit). We investigated wave climate at typical across British Isles. The was...
Temporal variability in renewable energy presents a major challenge for electrical grid systems. Tides are considered predictable due to their regular periodicity; however, the persistence and quality of tidal-stream generated electricity is unknown. This paper first study that attempts address this knowledge gap through direct measurements rotor-shaft power shore-side voltage from 1 MW, rated at grid-connection, tidal turbine (Orkney Islands, UK). Tidal asymmetry turbulence parameters, flow...
Tidal Energy Converter (TEC) arrays are expected to reduce tidal current speeds locally, thus impacting sediment processes, even when positioned above bedrock, as well having potential impacts nearby offshore sand banks. Furthermore, the dissipation at TEC sites can produce high suspended concentrations (turbidity maxima) which important for biological productivity. Yet few impact assessments of have looked closely dynamics beyond local scouring issues. It is therefore understand what extent...
In addition to technical and economic constraints, tidal energy leasing is generally governed by demand for sites which contain the highest streams, does not take into account phase relationship (i.e. time lag) between sites. Here, outputs of a three-dimensional model are analysed demonstrate that there minimal diversity among high stream regions NW European shelf seas. It therefore possible, under current system, electricity produced first generation arrays will similarly be in phase....
The waters surrounding the Orkney archipelago in north of Scotland are one key regions world suitable for exploitation both wave and tidal energy resources. Accordingly, currently host to 1.08 GW UK Crown Estate leased projects, with a further 0.5 southern part adjacent Pentland Firth. Although several resource models exist region, most these commercial, hence results not publicly available, or have insufficient spatial/temporal resolution accurately quantify power region. In particular, no...
Wave–current interaction (WCI) processes can potentially alter tidal currents, and consequently affect the stream resource at wave exposed sites. In this research, a high resolution coupled wave-tide model of proposed array has been developed. We investigated effect WCI on site for typical dominant scenarios region. have implemented simplified method to include waves bottom friction. The results show that as consequence combined effects radiation stresses enhanced friction, energy be reduced...
The combined hazard of large waves occurring at an extreme high water could increase the risk coastal flooding. Wave-tide interaction processes are known to modulate wave climate in regions strong tidal dynamics, yet this process is typically omitted flood assessments. Here, we investigate role dynamics nearshore (i.e. depths > 10 m), with hypothesis that larger occur during water, when flooding greater, because alter propagating into coast. A dynamically coupled wave-tide model "COAWST" was...