Despite theoretical justification for the evolution of animal culture, empirical evidence it beyond mammals and birds remains scant, we still know little about process cultural inheritance. In this study, propose a mechanism-driven definition culture test in fruitfly. We found that fruitflies have five cognitive capacities enable them to transmit mating preferences culturally across generations, potentially fostering persistent traditions (the main marker culture) preference. A transmission...

Mate choice can strongly affect fitness in sexually reproducing organisms. A form of mate is copying, which individuals use information about potential mates by copying the other individuals. While many studies have documented little known effect environmental conditions on this behaviour. Here, we report first evidence that Drosophila melanogaster females acquire a sexual preference for one male characteristic after witnessing single event (i.e. speed learning). We also found was correlated...

SUMMARY Weakly electric fish generate fields with an organ and perceive them cutaneous electroreceptors. During active electrolocation,nearby objects are detected by the distortions they cause in field. The electrical properties of objects, their form distance,can be analysed distinguished. Here we focus on Gnathonemus petersii (Günther 1862), African family Mormyridae a characteristic chin appendix, Schnauzenorgan. Behavioural anatomical results suggest that mobile Schnauzenorgan nasal...

Mate-copying is a form of social learning in which the mate-choice decision an individual (often female) influenced by conspecifics. Drosophila melanogaster females are known to perform such learning, and particular, mate-copy after single observation one conspecific female mating with male phenotype, while other phenotype rejected. Here, we show that this dependent on serotonin dopamine. Using pharmacological approach, reduced dopamine or synthesis adult virgin 3-iodotyrosine (3-IY)...

In many sexually reproducing species, individuals can gather information about potential mates by observing their mating success. This behavioral pattern, that we call mate-copying, was reported in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster where females choosing between 2 males of contrasting phenotypes build a preference for phenotype they previously saw being chosen demonstrator female. As sex ratio is known to affect mate choice, our goal test whether mate-copying also affected encountered...

Mate-copying is a form of social learning in which witnessing sexual interactions between conspecifics biases an observer individual's future mate-choice. exists many vertebrates, as well Drosophila melanogaster. Here, we show that female fruit flies can copy the choice for mutant males (Curly-wing [Cy] mutants vs. wild types [WTs]) despite fact mating with Cy induces significant fitness cost female. When facing WT and males, naive females both phenotypes naturally prefer males. In...

To assess potential mates' quality individuals can observe sexually interacting conspecifics. Such social information use is called mate copying and occurs when observer witnessing sexual interactions of conspecifics later show a mating preference for mates that were seen mating. Most studies have focused on female copying, as females are usually the choosy sex. However, much less known about existence male probably because usual strong asymmetry in sex roles. Mate has been documented...

Electric fish navigate and explore their dark turbid environment with a specialised electric sense. This active electrolocation involves the generation perception of an signal have proven to be useful model systems for investigation sensory-motor interactions. A well studied example is elephantnose fish, Gnathonemus petersii, which has characteristic unique elongated chin covered hundreds electroreceptor organs. highly moveable so-called Schnauzenorgan constitutes main fovea electrosensory...

In animals, including humans, the social environment can serve as a public information network in which individuals gather about quality of potential mates by observing conspecifics during sexual interactions. The individual itself is also part this network. When recognized observed an audience, his/her presence could influence interaction between those individuals, because observer might be considered mate or competitor. One most challenging questions selection to date how use context...

Abstract Acceptance and avoidance can be socially transmitted, especially in the case of mate choice. When a Drosophila melanogaster female observes conspecific (called demonstrator female) choosing to with one two males, former observer memorize copy latter female’s Traditionally mate-copying experiments, demonstrations provide types information females, namely, acceptance (positive) male rejection other (negative). To disentangle respective roles positive negative copying, we performed...

Social learning is from the observation of how others interact with environment. However, in nature, individuals often need to process serial social information and may favour either most recent (recency bias), constantly updating knowledge match environment, or that appeared first series (primacy which slow down adjustment environmental change. Mate-copying a widespread form mate choice context related conformity choice, where naive individual develops preference for given (or phenotype)...

High levels of within-population behavioural variation can have drastic demographic consequences, thus changing the evolutionary fate populations. A major source heterogeneity is personality. Nonetheless, it still relatively rarely accounted for in social learning studies that constitute most basic process cultural transmission. Here, we performed female mosquitofish ( Gambusia holbrooki ) a experiment context mate choice, situation called copying (MC), and which there strong evidence lead...

Although anthropology was the first academic discipline to investigate cultural change, many other disciplines have made noteworthy contributions understanding what influences adoption of new behaviors. Drawing on a broad, interdisciplinary literature covering both humans and nonhumans, we examine ( a) which features behavioral traits make them more transmissible, b) individual characteristics inventors promote copying their inventions, c) individuals prone adopting behaviors, d) dyadic...

Abstract Although the environment is three-dimensional (3-D), humans are able to extract subtle information from two-dimensional (2-D) images, particularly in domain of sex. However, whether animals with simpler nervous systems capable such extraction remains be demonstrated, as this ability would suggest a functional generalisation capacity. Here, we performed mate-copying experiments Drosophila melanogaster using 2-D artificial stimuli. Mate copying occurs when naïve females observe mating...

Animals often use public information for mate-choice decisions by observing conspecifics as they choose their mates and then copying this witnessed decision. When the copier, however, is detected choosing individual, latter alters its behavior spends more time with previously non-preferred mate. This behavioral change called audience effect. The deception hypothesis states that individual changes to distract from preferred hypothesis, only applies if indeed copies pretended mate choice of...

The social environment offers fish complex information about the quality, performance, personality and other cues of potential mates competitors simultaneously. It is likely, therefore, that environmental regarding context mate choice perceived processed differently in species sexes respect to lateralisation. present study comparatively assessed visual lateralisation behaviour response different or sexual stimuli three closely related poeciliid (P. latipinna, P. mexicana, formosa) comparison...

Invention and social learning have together empowered our species to inhabit virtually every part of the world. For past fifty years, however, has been regarded as fundamental driver for emergence tradition culture. As a result, innovation relatively understudied, outside human lineage. This left basic questions unanswered, such as: What factors promote creation new ideas practices? And what affects whether they are spread or lost? We review existing literature, focusing on following four...

The zebrafish Danio rerio is an important model organism, but little known about its mating preferences and how these are influenced by personality traits like boldness. In this study, we tested two strains of addressed whether females used social information to build a preference, behavior called mate copying, learning was affected Thus, provided positive for small males test female changed their preference after observing pair large male with demonstrator next the one. After that, observer...