Important questions remain regarding the impact of variations in structure lipid A portion lipopolysaccharide on activation cells via Toll-like receptor 4 complex. We have studied a series synthetic mimetic compounds known as aminoalkyl glucosaminide phosphates which length secondary acyl chain has been systematically varied. Using transcriptional profiling human monocytes and responses complex cell transfectants, we demonstrate clear dependence activation. Compounds with chains less than...

A compound family of synthetic lipid mimetics (termed the aminoalkyl glucosaminide phosphates [AGPs]) was evaluated in murine infectious disease models protection against challenge with Listeria monocytogenes and influenza virus. For model, intravenous administration AGPs followed by bacterial 24 h later. Spleens were harvested 2 days postchallenge for enumeration CFU. virus mice challenged via intranasal/intrapulmonary route 48 after AGPs. The severity assessed daily 3 weeks following...

Despite progress in defining the nature of major histocompatibility complex products that are recognized by T-cell antigen receptor, binding properties and structure receptor have not been solved. The primary problem has difficulty obtaining sufficient quantities active receptor. In this report we show a single-chain gene can be expressed Escherichia coli. protein consists variable (V) regions alpha beta chains (V V beta) encoded cytotoxic T-lymphocyte clone 2C (a H-2b anti-H-2d alloreactive...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTManual headspace method to analyze for the volatile aromatics of gasoline in groundwater and soil samplesValerie D. Roe, Michael J. Lacy, James Stuart, Gary A. RobbinsCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 22, 2584–2585Publication Date (Print):November 15, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00197a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00197a026research-articleACS...

NuThrax™ (Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed with CPG 7909 Adjuvant) (AV7909) is in development. Samples obtained a phase Ib clinical trial were tested to confirm biomarkers of innate immunity and evaluate effects (PF-03512676) on adaptive immunity. Subjects received two intramuscular doses commercial BioThrax(®) Adsorbed, AVA), or one four formulations AV7909. IP-10, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels elevated 24-48 h after administration AV7909 formulations, returning baseline by Day 7. AVA (no...

Earlier we showed that the structural requirements for adjuvanticity among aminoalkyl glucosaminide 4-phosphate (AGP) class of synthetic immunostimulants may be less strict than those other endotoxic activities, including induction nitric oxide synthase in murine macrophages and cytokine production human whole blood. The known role pro-inflammatory cytokines activation host defenses against infection prompted us to examine ability certain AGPs enhance non-specific resistance mice Listeria...

The anthrax vaccine candidate AV7909 is being developed as a next generation for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) indication against anthrax. consists of the Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA, BioThrax®) bulk drug substance adjuvanted with immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) compound, CPG 7909. addition 7909 to AVA enhances both magnitude and kinetics antibody responses in animals human subjects, making suitable next-generation use PEP setting. studies described here provide initial...

A small percentage (approximately 5%) of the cells in adult thymus expresses a heterodimeric receptor, gamma delta, that exhibits extensive clonal diversity. The specificity and function these are unclear. Furthermore, it is not known if their role immune system primarily one operates within during selection T-cell repertoire or they an antigen-recognition capacity peripheral lymphoid system. To examine delta+ T periphery as diverse those thymus, we used polymerase chain reaction to amplify...

Most T lymphocytes express an antigen-specific receptor composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, each which can exhibit structural variability. A complex selection process operates on cells during development in the thymus such that expressing only particular beta-receptors migrate to periphery. The alpha-chain repertoire was dissected at different stages by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique amplify those transcripts a variable region gene (V58). Sequences from these V58 cDNAs...

Earlier we showed that the structural requirements for adjuvanticity among aminoalkyl glucosaminide 4-phosphate (AGP) class of synthetic immunostimulants may be less strict than those other endotoxic activities, including induction nitric oxide synthase in murine macrophages and cytokine production human whole blood. The known role pro-inflammatory cytokines activation host defenses against infection prompted us to examine ability certain AGPs enhance non-specific resistance mice Listeria...

Binding of monoclonal antibody HTA125 to human toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was characterized by flow cytometry using MonoMac6 monocytic cells. Data were obtained direct binding cell surface TLR4 labeled HTA125, as well inhibition purified reagents, and two-step binding. bound weakly TLR4, could be inhibited mouse Ig, IgG Fc, IgG2a. In addition, Fc immunoglobulin isotypes IgG1 IgG4 block Furthermore, a possessing specificity for CD64, which is high affinity receptor, partially Finally,...

Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) is considered a major protective antigen of seasonal influenza vaccine but antigenic drift HA necessitates annual immunizations using new circulating versions. Low variation found within conserved non-HA virus (INFV) antigens may maintain protection with less frequent immunizations. Conserved A (INFV A) that can generate cross against multiple INFV strains were evaluated in BALB/c mice modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-vectored vaccines expressed (HA), matrix...

Abstract Factors influencing the response of total organic vapor detection instruments used in soil‐gas surveying for subsurface gasoline leakage were investigated through performing theoretical assessments and laboratory experiments. Theoretical indicate that measurements will depend on conditions relative concentration constituents soil gas, addition to absolute constituent levels. Laboratory tests conducted using flame ionization, photoionization explosimeter devices indicated their...

A recombinant protective antigen (rPA) anthrax vaccine candidate (rPA7909) was developed as a next-generation indicated for postexposure prophylaxis of disease resulting from suspected or confirmed Bacillus anthracis exposure. The lyophilized form rPA7909-vaccinated contains 75 µg purified rPA, 750 aluminum (as Alhydrogel adjuvant), and 250 an immunostimulatory Toll-like receptor 9 agonist oligodeoxynucleotide CpG 7909 in 0.5 mL phosphate-buffered suspension. General toxicity local...

Polyclonal immune network antibodies were quantitated and characterized in a syngeneic BALB/c murine system. Immunizations of antifluorescein mAb 9-40 conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin, produced anti-Id (anti-9-40, 39 190 micrograms/ml) as well anti-fluorescein (anti-Fl, 12 109 micrograms/ml). Separately, immunizations polyclonal anti-9-40, developed significant anti-Fl serum levels the secondary (2 degrees) response (50 270 micrograms/ml), which decreased 3 degrees 180 thereafter,...

ABSTRACT An Intracellular Adhesion Molecule I (ICAM-1) immunoassay from R and D Systems, a Melanoma Inhibitory Activity (MIA) Roche Diagnostics were tested for accurate quantitation within complex biological substances such as cell lysates. Prior to assay, lysates of melanoma cells treated with detergents obtain soluble antigens. Maximum ICAM-1 maximum MIA detected after treatment using 0.8% Triton X-100. Two key aspects assay accuracy were: 1) determining the dilutions test sample that...

AV7909 is a next-generation anthrax vaccine under development for post-exposure prophylaxis following suspected or confirmed Bacillus anthracis exposure, when administered in conjunction with the recommended antibacterial regimen. consists of FDA-approved BioThrax ® (anthrax adsorbed) and an immunostimulatory Toll-like receptor 9 agonist oligodeoxynucleotide adjuvant, CPG 7909 . The purpose this study was to evaluate potential systemic local toxicity via repeat intramuscular injection right...