A5074564577- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Climate variability and models
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry
- Infrared Target Detection Methodologies
- Space exploration and regulation
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Remote-Sensing Image Classification
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
Colorado State University
2012-2024
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
2019
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
1999-2013
Science and Technology Corporation (United States)
2001-2012
Science Systems and Applications (United States)
2012
Science and Technology Corporation (Norway)
2010
Texas A&M University
2007-2008
Atmos (Czechia)
2007
United States Army
1988
University of Wisconsin–Madison
1967-1970
Introduction: History of Satellite Meteorology. Scope The Book. Orbits and Navigation: Newton's Laws. Keplerian Orbits. Orbit Perturbations. Meteorological Positioning, Tracking Navigation. Space-Time Sampling. Launch Vehicles Profiles. Radiative Transfer: Basic Quantities. Blackbody Radiation. Transfer Equation. Gaseous Absorption. Scattering. Surface Reflection. Solar SatelliteInstrumentation: Operational Polar-Orbiting Satellites. Geostationary Other Instruments. Data Archives. Image...
Based on the best presently available satellite radiation, atmospheric and oceanic data sets long-term mean heat balance of earth its normal seasonal variation are investigated over Northern Hemisphere. Quantitative estimates for various flux storage terms in terrestrial branches given 10° wide latitude belts each calendar month. The results presented both graphical tabular form. As was known before, oceans is found to dominate energy combined atmosphere-ocean-land-cryosphere system. In...
A comprehensive and accurate global water vapor dataset is critical to the adequate understanding of vapor's role in earth's climate system. To begin satisfy this need, authors have produced a blended made up global, 5-yr (1988–92), l°x 1° spatial resolution, atmospheric (WV) liquid path products. These new products consist both daily total column-integrated composites multilayered WV product at three layers (1000–700, 700–500, 500–300 mb). The analyses combine retrievals from Television...
A method of remotely sensing integrated cloud liquid water over the oceans using spaceborne passive measurements from special sensor microwave/imager (SSM/I) is described. The technique comprised a simple physical model that uses 19.35‐ and 37‐GHz channels SSM/I. most comprehensive validation to date estimated satellites presented. This accomplished through comparison independent ground‐based microwave radiometer on San Nicolas Island, North Sea, Kwajalein Saipan Islands in western Pacific....
This paper presents the annual and seasonal averaged earth atmosphere radiation budgets derived from most complete set of satellite observations available in late 1979. The are a composite 48 monthly mean budget maps. annual, global average emitted infrared flux is 234 W m −2 , planetary albedo 0.30, net zero within measurement uncertainty. cycle also studied detail, observed globally displays an that similar magnitude phase to imposed by influence sun‐earth distance variations on solar...
This paper summarizes an extended time series of measurements the earth's radiation budget from first and second generation United States meteorological satellites. Values planetary albedo, infrared radiant emittance, resulting net are now available for 39 months during period 1962–66. These show a mean global albedo 30%, balance within measurement accuracy. The discussion treats zonally averaged values “mean annual” case, seasons,” includes comparison same seasons in different years. role...
Recent measurements of the earth's radiation budget from satellites, together with extensive atmospheric energy transport summaries based on rawinsonde data, allow a new estimate required poleward by Northern Hemisphere oceans for mean annual case. In region maximum net northward (30–35N), 47% (1.7×1022 cal year−1). At 20N, peak ocean accounts 74% at that latitude; 0–70N contribution averages 40%.
Measurements of reflected solar radiation and emitted thermal taken with a radiometer on the meteorological satellite Nimbus 3 during 10 semi-monthly periods (April–15 August, 3–17 October, 1969; 21 January–3 February, 1970) provided for first time high-resolution data earth's annual global budget. Results planetary albedo, amount absorbed radiation, infrared loss to space, balance earth-atmosphere system are discussed at various scales: global, hemispherical, zonal averages., as well polar...
The feasibility of using the advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) carried by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) series satellites to monitor forest fires was tested during a severe fire outbreak in north central Alberta between June 12 21, 1982. A multispectral technique used AVHRR channels 3 4 identify estimate size. This approach enabled identification subpixel-sized as small 1 ha. During study, were obscured from satellite view presence cloud smoke 59%...
The poleward energy transports in the atmosphere–ocean system are estimated for annual mean and four seasons based on satellite measurements of net radiation balance at top atmosphere, atmospheric north or south poles various types corrections had to be made, so that global balances maintained. This also enabled us estimate uncertainties procedures used. found similar those reported by Hastenrath different data sets but using same correction method. Finally, oceanic heat computed seasons....
Preliminary results from solar radiation measurements the earth budget experiment on Nimbus 7 satellite yield a mean value of 1376.0 watts per square meter for "solar constant" 16 November 1978 to 15 May 1979. The observed variability (root-mean-square deviation) is +/- 0.73 watt (+/- 0.05 percent) period.
Abstract The Global Energy and Water Cycle Exchanges project (GEWEX) water vapor assessment’s (G-VAP) main objective is to analyze explain strengths weaknesses of satellite-based data records through intercomparisons comparisons with ground-based data. G-VAP results from the intercomparison six total column (TCWV) are presented. Prior intercomparison, were regridded a common regular grid 2° × longitude–latitude. All cover period 1988 2008. complemented by an analysis trend estimates, which...
The problem of cloud data classification from satellite imagery using neural networks is considered in this paper. Several image transformations such as singular value decomposition (SVD) and wavelet packet (WP) were used to extract the salient spectral textural features attributed both visible infrared (IR) channels. In addition, well-known gray-level cooccurrence matrix (GLCM) method examined for sake comparison. Two different neural-network paradigms namely probability network (PNN)...
On the evening of 28 July 1997 city Fort Collins, Colorado, experienced a devastating flash flood that caused five fatalities and over 200 million dollars in damage. Maximum accumulations rainfall western part exceeded 10 in. 6-h period. This study presents multiscale meteorological overview event utilizing wide variety instrument platforms data including rain gauge, CSU–CHILL multiparameter radar, Next Generation Radar, National Lightning Detection Network, surface Aircraft Communication...
This paper analyzes airborne measurements of six midlevel clouds observed over the Great Plains United States in late 1999 and early 2000 during fifth Complex Layered-Cloud Experiments (CLEX-5). Data show that these innocuous-looking display complicated microphysical thermodynamic structures. Five cases exhibit mixed-phase conditions temperatures ranging from near 0° to −31°C, at altitudes 2400 7200 m MSL. Four consist a single cloud layer, while other two are multilayered systems. In thin,...
Abstract Tropical cyclone (TC) destructive potential is highly dependent on the distribution of surface wind field. To gain a better understanding structure evolution, TC 0–200-km fields from aircraft reconnaissance flight-level data are used to calculate low-level area-integrated kinetic energy (KE). The integrated KE depends both maximum winds and structure. isolate average relationship between intensity first determined. Then deviations mean calculated. These reveal cases significant...
Abstract High vertical resolution CloudSat radar measurements, supplemented with cloud boundaries and aerosol information from the CALIPSO lidar, are used to examine radiative heating features in atmosphere that have not previously been characterized by passive sensors. The monthly annual mean heating/cooling structure for a 4 year period between 2006 2010 is derived. atmospheric cooling rate CloudSat/CALIPSO 0.98 K d −1 (1.34 150 950 hPa) largely reflection of Earth's water vapor...
Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) data are used to provide objective estimates of 1-min maximum sustained surface winds, minimum sea level pressure, and the radii 34-, 50-, 64-kt (1 kt ≡ 0.5144 m s−1) winds in northeast, southeast, southwest, northwest quadrants tropical cyclones. The algorithms derived from AMSU temperature, wind retrievals all cyclones Atlantic east Pacific basins during 1999–2001. National Hurricane Center best-track intensity operational as dependent variables a...
Abstract Geostationary infrared (IR) satellite data are used to provide estimates of the symmetric and total low-level wind fields in tropical cyclones, constructed from estimations an azimuthally averaged radius maximum (RMAX), a tangential speed at 182 km (V182), storm motion vector, intensity (VMAX). The algorithm is derived using geostationary IR 405 cases 87 systems Atlantic east Pacific Ocean basins during 1995–2003 hurricane seasons that had corresponding aircraft available. tested on...
As part of the World Climate Research Program's (WCRPs) Global Energy and Water‐Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Continental‐scale International Project (GCIP), a preliminary water energy budget synthesis (WEBS) was developed for period 1996–1999 from “best available” observations models. Besides this summary paper, companion CD‐ROM with more extensive discussion, figures, tables, raw data is available to interested researcher GEWEX project office, GAPP or first author. An updated online version...
A technique is presented for determining cloud heights and amounts through the use of simultaneous. infrared visible satellite radiance data. set simultaneous equations are developed which solve cloud-top temperature (Tcld) amount (Acld) within geometric field view sensor. The height determined by comparing Tcld to upper air soundings, An error analysis also showing accuracy that can he obtained in Acld when uncertainties exist measured radiances assumptions required. Actual measurements...
The NASA Water Vapor Project (NVAP) dataset is a global (land and ocean) water vapor created by merging multiple sources of atmospheric to form data base total layered precipitable vapor. Under the Making Earth Science Data Records for Research Environments (MEaSUREs) program, NVAP being reprocessed extended, increasing its 14‐year coverage include 22 years data. NVAP‐MEaSUREs (NVAP‐M) geared towards varied user needs, biases in original caused algorithm input changes were removed. This...
Abstract The launch of the NASA CloudSat in April 2006 enabled first satellite-based global observation vertically resolved cloud information. However, ’s nonscanning W-band (94 GHz) Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) provides only a nadir cross section, or “curtain,” atmosphere along satellite ground track, precluding full three-dimensional (3D) characterization and thus limiting its utility for certain model verification cloud-process studies. This paper details an algorithm extending limited set...
A grid box in a numerical model that ignores subgrid variability has biases certain microphysical and thermodynamic quantities relative to the values would be obtained if subgrid-scale were taken into account. The are important because they systematic hence have cumulative effects. Several types of discussed this paper. Namely, models employ convex autoconversion formulas underpredict (or, more precisely, never overpredict) rates, use functions diagnose specific liquid water content...