To examine for a legacy effect of early glycemic control on diabetic complications and death.

Epidemiological evidence from relatively small cohorts suggests that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with higher cancer incidence and mortality. Here we aimed to determine whether for major types risk of metastases or mortality are increased in the presence OSA.All OSA diagnoses included an employee-sponsored health insurance database spanning years 2003-2012 were identified 1:1 matched demographically based on age, gender, state residence, alternatively by comorbidities. The 12...

The health effects of regular physical activity (PA) are well established and include decreased mortality morbidity related to several common chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, contributing improved mental health, functioning, weight control (1–3). Despite this, US adults continue get inadequate PA (4). In fact, inactivity was felt be a large public problem that in 1996 the Surgeon General released landmark report Physical Activity Health: A Report (3). This...

Introduction: State-level statistics of adherence to the physical activity objectives in Healthy People 2010 are derived from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. BRFSS questions were updated 2001 include domains leisure time, household, and transportation-related moderate- vigorous intensity, walking questions. This article reports reliability validity these Methods: The Physical Activity Study (BPAS) was conducted September 2000 May Columbia, SC. Sixty participants...

The dual purposes of this study were: 1) to provide preliminary descriptive epidemiology data representing pedometer-determined physical activity (PA) and 2) explore sources intra-individual variability in steps per day.All participants (76 males, age = 48.4 +/- 16.3 yr, body mass index (BMI) 27.1 5.1 kg x m(-2); 133 females, 47.4 17.5 BMI 26.9 5.7 m(-2)) resided Sumter County, SC, were recruited by telephone receive a mailed kit self-monitor PA for 1 wk. Statistical analyses compared mean...

Much evidence indicates that men experienced an evolutionary history of physical competition, both one-on-one and in coalitions. We thus hypothesized that, compared to girls women, boys will possess a greater motivational predisposition be interested sports, especially team sports. According most scholars, advocacy groups, the United States courts, however, this hypothesis is challenged by modest sex differences organized school sports participation contemporary U.S., where females comprise...

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a highly prevalent condition but studies exploring the burden of OSA-associated comorbidities have been limited by small sample sizes with underrepresentation women. We queried Truven Health MarketScan Research Databases 2003–2012, which collection health insurance claims for working adults and retirees employer-sponsored insurance. Adults diagnostic code OSA at least 12 months follow-up from index date diagnosis were compared to matched random sample....

Given the evidence that regular physical activity produces substantial health benefits, participation in sports, exercise, and recreation is widely encouraged. The objective of this study was to describe recreational activities among US adults.Data from 2 national surveys respondents age 18 years older were analyzed. Respondents American Time Use Survey (ATUS) 2003 through 2005 (N=45,246) reported all on 1 randomly selected survey day. National Health Nutrition Examination (NHANES) 1999 2004...

<h3>Importance</h3> Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of irreversible blindness in older adults, appears to have no effective preventive measures. The common antidiabetic drug metformin has been shown protective outcomes multiple age-associated diseases and may potential protect against development AMD. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether use is associated with reduced odds developing <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> This case-control study patients from a...

This study assessed the impact on stair use of four sequential environmental interventions: (1) installing new carpet and painting walls, (2) adding framed art-work landings, (3) displaying motivational signs throughout building, (4) a stereo system playing various types music in stairwell.We conducted longitudinal with no comparison group to evaluate changes stairway use. The setting was main stairwell Centers for Disease Control Prevention's (CDC) Rhodes Building Atlanta, Georgia....

Background: An increased prevalence of overweight/obesity among children has led to school district level policies increase physical activity (PA) elementary students. Interventions are needed that levels without sacrificing time spent in academics. Objectives: We evaluated a policy implementation intervention for in-school PA schools Forsyth County, North Carolina, randomized study with delayed control group. Methods: The included third- through fifth-grade classrooms eight schools. Instant...

Role models in medical school may influence students' residency specialty choice.We examined whether students who reported clinical exposure to a role model during would have an increased likelihood of selecting the model's for their residencies.We conducted 5-year prospective, national longitudinal study (2011-2016) from 24 US allopathic schools, starting middle third year. The primary outcome measure was type choice 4 years after graduation. Main predictors were student's most admired...

Background: This report describes changes in the percentage of US students (age 5 to 18 years) who walked or bicycled school and distance that they lived from traveled their 1969 2001 travel patterns 2001. Methods: Data were National Personal Transportation Survey on Household Survey. Results: A smaller within 1 mile than 1969. The biked any decreased 42.0% 16.2%. Nearly half used more mode went an additional destination en route between home Conclusion: Multidisciplinary efforts are needed...

We compared findings on physical activity from national accelerometry data and Healthy People 2010 self-report to identify differences in disparities by sociodemographic characteristics, gender, age, race/ethnicity, education level, disability status.Data were the 2003 2004 National Health Nutrition Examination Survey's Midcourse Review. computed prevalence of inactivity regular moderate- vigorous-intensity movement according operational definitions.Mexican American adults more active than...

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is an alternative to ventriculoperitoneal shunting for hydrocephalus treatment. Choice of treatment options raises questions about which patients are likely benefit from ETV. The authors performed a population-based analysis using administrative claims database, examining current practice and outcomes pediatric in the US.The queried MarketScan (Truven Health Analytics) database Current Procedural Terminology codes corresponding ETV 2003 2011; they...

Before 2001, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a national survey of health behaviors, assessed only leisure-time physical activity. In BRFSS used newly developed activity items to evaluate combined leisure-time, household, and transportation activities. Using 2001 data, this cross-sectional study describes prevalence inactivity insufficient recommended for older adults (i.e., aged >or=50 yr).BRFSS data were analyzed using estimates logistic regression assess patterns...

The purpose of this study was to examine trends in walking for transportation among U.S. adults and youth Healthy People 2010 objective 22-14. calls increasing the proportion trips 1 mile or less made by 25% 50% youth. National surveys are used track national health objectives, but data interpretation caveats use have not been discussed public literature date.Cross-sectional analyses at two time points from 1995 Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey subsequent 2001 Household Travel...