We demonstrate transmission of a probabilistically shaped polarization-division multiplexed 3-GBd 4096-QAM signal over up to 200 km backward Raman amplified Corning® Vascade® EX2000 fiber. The with root-raised-cosine roll-off 0.01 has the potential generate spectral efficiency 19.77 bit/s/Hz 50

Abstract The capacity and reach of long-haul fiber optical communication systems is limited by in-line amplifier noise nonlinearities. Phase-sensitive amplifiers add 6 dB less than conventional phase-insensitive amplifiers, such as erbium-doped they can provide nonlinearity mitigation after each span. Realizing a transmission link with phase-sensitive providing simultaneous low-noise amplification challenging to date no has been demonstrated. Here, we demonstrate multi-channel-compatible...

In optical communications, sphere shaping is used to limit the energy of lightwaves within a certain value over period. This minimizes required contain information, allowing rate information transmission approach theoretical if medium linear. However, when shaped are transmitted through fiber, Kerr nonlinearity manifests itself as nonlinear interference in peculiar way, potentially lowering communications capacity. this article, we show that impact on varies with chromatic dispersion, block...

In this paper, we investigate the properties of transmission links amplified by phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSAs). Using an analytic description, explain principles enabling improved sensitivity compared to conventional phase-insensitive (PIAs) and mitigation nonlinear distortions. We demonstrate these features using numerical simulations, in particular, show possibility efficiently mitigating both self-phase modulation (SPM)-induced distortions phase noise (NLPN) if link dispersion map is...

We demonstrate transmission of a 10-subcarrier superchannel with record-high intra-channel spectral efficiency 17.3 bit/s/Hz over 50-km backward Raman amplified Corning® Vascade® EX2000 fiber using 3-GBd probabilistically shaped PDM 4096-QAM.

We introduce an innovative vision transformer approach to identify and precisely locate high-risk events, including fiber cut precursors, in state-of-polarization derived spectrograms. Our method achieves impressive 97% diagnostic accuracy precise temporal localization (6-ms- RMSE).

We present a stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS)-suppressed fiber optic parametric amplifier/wavelength converter constructed from four highly nonlinear pieces with applied strain gradients and separated by isolators. The effective total SBS threshold increase is about 11 dB, net gain of 10 dB obtained without any pump dithering.

An injection locking-based pump recovery system for phase-sensitive amplified links, capable of handling 40 dB effective span loss, is demonstrated.Measurements with 10 GBd DQPSK signals show penalty-free a wave, phase modulated two sinusoidal RF-tones at 0.1 GHz and 0.3 GHz, 64 amplification.The operating power limit the experimentally investigated governed by noise transfer modulation characteristics injection-locked laser.The corresponding link penalties are explained quantified.This...

We report on quadrature demultiplexing of a phase-shift keying (QPSK) signal into two cross-polarized binary phaseshift (BPSK) signals with negligible penalty at bit-error rate (BER) equal to 10 -9 .The all-optical is achieved using degenerate vector parametric amplifier operating in phase-insensitive mode.We also propose and demonstrate the use novel simple phase-locked loop (PLL) scheme based detecting envelope one after order achieve stable decomposition.

We report the first use of low noise in-line phase-sensitive amplifiers in a long-haul circulating loop experiment. A reach extension 200% compared to using EDFAs is observed with 10 GBd QPSK signal.

We generate 100-GHz wide in-phase and quadrature electrical signals via two synchronized digital band interleaved digital-to-analog converters demonstrate single-wavelength multiplexed QAM with an aggregate all-electronically generated line rate of 1.61 Tb/s.

We investigate the impact of in-line amplifier noise in transmission systems amplified by two-mode phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSAs) and present first experimental demonstration nonlinear phase (NLPN) mitigation a modulation format independent PSA-amplified system. The NLPN capability is attributed to correlated on signal idler waves at input span. study single-span system with loading transmitter but results are expected be applicable also multi-span systems. investigation supported...

Hybrid systems combining distributed Raman amplification and phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSAs) are investigated in numerical simulations. We focus on the mitigation of fiber nonlinearities impact span power map which is also important employing optical phase conjugation or phase-conjugated twin waves. simulate multi-span PSA links with without show that by including amplification, transmission distance increases more at optimum launch than linear regime. For a 5-channel WDM QPSK...

We characterize a phase-sensitive amplifier (PSA) after an 80km fiber span, carrying single DQPSK channel in the nonlinear transmission regime. The system penalty with increasing intra-channel distortion is similar for EDFA and PSA based systems, indicating that sensitivity advantage remain transmission.

We experimentally solve the problem of maximizing capacity under a total supply power constraint in massively parallel submarine cable context, i.e., for spatially uncoupled system which fiber Kerr nonlinearity is not dominant limitation. By using multi-layer neural networks trained with extensive measurement data acquired from 12-span 744-km optical link as an accurate digital twin true system, we maximize respect to transmit signal's spectral distribution based on gradient-descent...

We present the first demonstration of a phase-sensitive fiber optic parametric amplifier successfully implemented over an 80km dispersion managed link. measure 1.3dB higher sensitivity with this system against comparable conventional EDFA-based

We demonstrate 16-QAM transmission over a 105 km phase-sensitive amplified link showing significantly improved performance in both the linear and nonlinear propagation regime. Constellation BER measurements are performed.

Methods for suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering in highly nonlinear fibers are reviewed. Emphasis is paid to SBS by aluminum doping the core. New results a HNLF with an doped core and reduced loss presented.

We investigate the mitigation of nonlinear impairments via phase-sensitive amplification.We show in simulation and experiment that this effect can be optimized through engineering link dispersion.A amplified is measured to reduce penalties by over 3dB compared a phase-insensitive link.

Simulations and experiments using probabilistically shaped QAM quantify the impact of nonideal coding on information rate. A gap induces an rate loss that increases with underlying constellation size, favoring lower-order templates.

We investigate the beating of signal and idler waves, which have imbalanced to noise ratios, in a phase-sensitive parametric amplifier.Imbalanced ratios are achieved two ways; first by loading; second varying input power ratio.In case loading amplifier improved ratio from 3 6 dB, ratio, excess 20 dB.

Monitoring the state of polarization (SOP) is crucial for tracking vibrations or disturbances in vicinity optical fibers, such as precursors to fiber cuts. While SOP data are valuable machine learning (ML) models identifying vibrations, acquiring a sufficient amount presents significant challenge. To overcome this hurdle, we introduce an innovative transfer framework designed identification (events) when confronted with limited data. Our methodology leverages pre-trained convolutional neural...

Four-mode phase-sensitive amplification is experimentally introduced for the first time. In a proof-of-principle realization using dual-pump fiber-optic parametric amplifier we achieve nearly 20-dB gain. The influence of individual phases six interacting waves on signal gain investigated.

We investigate the impact of opto-electronic front-end frequency response on Kramers-Kronig (KK) receivers. demonstrate that adaptive equalization preceding KK processing can significantly improve optical field reconstruction.