A5009319830- Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Cultural Differences and Values
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Gender Diversity and Inequality
- Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Psychological and Temporal Perspectives Research
- Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Psychological and Educational Research Studies
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Career Development and Diversity
- Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation
- Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Creativity in Education and Neuroscience
- Emotional Intelligence and Performance
- Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Gender and Technology in Education
- Educational Methods and Teacher Development
- Generational Differences and Trends
- Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Social Power and Status Dynamics
- Youth Development and Social Support
San Jose State University
2009-2024
California State Polytechnic University
2024
University of Houston
2023-2024
Pomona College
2024
Georgia Institute of Technology
2022
Virginia Mason Medical Center
2022
Dartmouth College
2021
Medgar Evers College
2017
City University of New York
2017
Stanford University
2006-2012
American universities increasingly admit first-generation college students whose parents do not have 4-year degrees. Once admitted, these tend to struggle academically, compared with continuing-generation students--students who at least 1 parent a degree. We propose cultural mismatch theory that identifies important source of this social class achievement gap. Four studies test the hypothesis underperform because interdependent norms from their mostly working-class backgrounds constitute...
Bipedal trackways discovered in 1978 at Laetoli site G, Tanzania and dated to 3.66 million years ago are widely accepted as the oldest unequivocal evidence of obligate bipedalism human lineage
Abstract Growth mindset and belonging interventions have shown to be effective in increasing retention performance some K-12 postsecondary populations. These hold the promise of cost-effective scalable that may able boost graduation rates, close achievement gap often exists between underrepresented (URM) students non-URMs. A study impact growth was designed implemented 2015-2016 academic year an Introduction Engineering Course typically taken freshman all engineering technology programs at a...
Four studies tested whether uncertainty about the self-concept can motivate people, particularly individualists who define themselves in terms of their personal traits and characteristics, to perceive material possessions as extensions (i.e., self-expressive). In Study 1, European American participants rated favorite pair blue jeans more self-expressive after being induced feel self-uncertain, whereas Asian did not. 2, scored high on a measure individualism cars following self-uncertainty...
Who presents at conferences matters. Presenting research benefits speakers, and presenters shape the conclusions audiences draw about who can succeed in a field. This is particularly important for members of historically underrepresented or disadvantaged groups, such as women. We investigated gender representation over 13-year period among speakers largest social personality psychology conference. On average, women were though this effect diminished time. Chairs appeared to serve...
Abstract In 3 studies, we examined the effect of a positive gender stereotype (e.g., men are superior to women in math and computer science) on performance motivation as function domain identification, with special emphasis low identification. Drawing from past research boost choking under pressure, predicted that for would ironically suffer condition compared nullified condition. all found lower identification performed better conditions poorly gender- stereotypical conditions. Results...
Abstract We know that being around more successful others can threaten positive self‐views and self‐esteem. also people are motivated to maintain high The present article outlines how threats self‐views, created by upward comparisons others, motivate influence behavioral responses. In particular, it suggests the degree which subsequent performance situations provide an opportunity repair threatened determine whether responses or negative. When tasks seems likely, such as increased likely...
In 3 studies, the authors explored relation between threatening upward social comparisons and performance. an initial study, participants were exposed to comparison targets who either threatened or boosted self-evaluations then completed a performance task. Participants target performed better than those in control group, whereas nonthreatening worse. Study 2, self-affirmation prior with eliminated improvements. 3, improvements found only when domain was different from of success target....
ABSTRACT Many universities are pursuing increases in on‐line course offerings as a means of offsetting the rising costs providing high‐quality educational opportunities and better serving their student populations. However, enrollments online courses not always sufficient to cover costs. One possible way improving is through marketing campaigns targeted specific demographic groups. In this study, we take first look into how students’ perceptions e‐learning systems, prior enrollment an...
It is important to understand the content dimensions that influence quality of intergroup interactions. The present research organized potential conversation according theoretically relevant underlying and investigated Whites' willingness discuss topics varying with a Black partner. Specifically, it engage in intimate self-disclosure their controversial race-related White versus interaction partners. Results across two experiments indicated an unwillingness among Whites both In addition,...
The present research tests the hypothesis that self-reactivity following an achievement prime reflects strength of goals and is a predictor future goal-relevant performance. In Studies 1-3, undergraduates reported their grade-point averages (GPAs) either goal or control prime. Academic exaggeration (higher self-reported than official GPA) was indicator to Study 1 involved direct prime, whereas 2 3 indirect priming techniques. all experiments, greater academic (but not prime) predicted better...
Abstract Background Cardiovascular (CV) disease is a leading cause of death in breast cancer (BC) patients due to the increased age and treatments. While individual β-blockers have been investigated manage CV complications, various not compared for their effects on this population. We aimed compare mortality older BC taking one commonly used β-blockers. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted using Surveillance, Epidemiology End Results (SEER) - Medicare data (2010–2015)....
Abstract The attainability of upward social comparisons is known to affect self‐evaluative responses. consequences for performance, however, are less well understood. We suggest that demoralizing with unattainable targets may lead improved performance when the target and domains mismatched. For example, comparison a has been successful in an analytic domain should better verbal domain. This improvement occurs because increased alternative provides opportunity self‐evaluation maintenance. In...
Three experiments and a pilot study demonstrated that uncertainty about the self is uncomfortable (Pilot Study) causes people to change their self-concepts in response primes (Experiments 1–3), depending on both nature of how defined. In Experiment 1, Asian Americans assimilated stereotype prime when made feel uncertain collective selves, whereas European individual selves. Experiments 2 3 replicated assimilation effect with trait prime, using individualism–collectivism instead ethnicity as...
Although emtricitabine–tenofovir was approved for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in 2012, use by persons at risk of acquiring has been limited. Because many primary care providers lacked familiarity and comfort prescribing PrEP, our institution PrEP concentrated among the infectious disease specialists, effectively limiting access. This project sought to increase number patients receiving new prescriptions PrEP. The interventions targeted (including internal medicine family medicine),...
Abstract While similarity typically breeds social comparison, all information gained from comparisons is not equally influential. Three studies illustrate the situations in which individuals defensively interpret comparison such that they incorporate reflects positively on self and disregard negative information. Study 1 extends previous research to show self‐threat broadens conditions under defensive interpretations occur include those ambiguous. Studies 2 3 demonstrate are less likely when...
Positive self-views are known to benefit individuals. However, little attention has been paid the means by which self-esteem is attained and consequences associated with different paths high self-esteem. The current studies suggest that positive through self-reflection performance benefits, but affiliation successful others should not be benefits. Two show while both experiences similarly boost global self-esteem, only effects on performance.
Abstract Engineering is typically plagued with lower graduation rates and larger achievement gaps compared to other majors; the projected demand for its future graduates lends urgency in reversing these trends. Holding a growth mindset, or belief that intelligence mutable, feeling of belongingness are keys persisting graduating from college. In prior research, improvements retention have been found following minor interventions, particularly among some underrepresented populations students....
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People in a positive mood process information ways that reinforce and maintain this mood. The current studies examine how influences responses to social comparisons demonstrates people interpret ambiguous about comparison others self-benefitting ways. Specifically, four experiments demonstrate compared negative or neutral participants, participants engage effortful re-interpretations of ambiguously similar targets so they may assimilate upward contrast from downward targets.