AbstractThe MgO in blast furnace slag provides an optimum condition terms of both good flowability and desulphurisation. The mode its addition to the changed from, initially, as raw flux form dolomite, via sinter, with argument that demands energy for decomposition inside furnace. Thus, reaction was diverted from sintering bed, source costly coke a relatively cheap breeze. Now olivine/dunite/serpentine is being used MgO, where not required; this also SiO2, which eliminates need quartzite....

Burden distribution is one of the key operating parameters influencing blast furnace performance, particularly productivity and coke rate. The proper burden materials improves bed permeability, wind acceptance, efficiency gas utilisation. In furnaces with high coal injection rates, resulting in predominant central working (steep cohesive zone profile) was found to be beneficial. Since a rate increases peripheral (wall heat flux), an attempt should made minimise wall flux by striking balance...

The presented research paper explains how a new strategy can help in minimizing the current harmonic of grid tied solar Photovoltaic Power System via PRES (Proportional Resonant) compensator. Various compensators are being used to reduce distortion but their performance get deteriorated when voltage utility start experiencing abnormal situation for example unbalance voltages and harmonic. In this paper, limitations Current Control Compensator working under varying condition will be...

AbstractAbstractThe quality of coke produced in a oven depends on the coal blend characteristics and carbonisation conditions. Scarcity good coking made it necessary to look for techniques capable producing superior from inferior coals. Precarbonisation improve bulk density charge produce The stamp charging technique, most effective among them requires finer crushing higher moisture as binder, both requiring additional energy. JSW Steel has adopted vibrocompaction along with non-recovery...

This research paper will deal with robust control design procedure of PRES(Proportional RESonant) Controller having phase locked loop technique and its simulation on MATLAB in Grid-Tied Converter (GTC). The Purpose Incorporating PRES controller is to eliminate the steady state error fast up dynamic response. In order maintain Synchronization grid voltage reference signal Phase lock used. A systematic approach be provided computing proportional resonant gain coefficient needed for controller....

Abstract Dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes [MoO2(mac)](acac)2 (where mac = tetraazamacrocyclic ligands derived from condensation of thenil with 1,2-diaminobenzene or 2,3-diaminopyridine and their reaction β-diketones) have been prepared using dioxometal ion as kinetic template. Tentative structures the proposed on basis elemental analysis, infrared, electronic data. All dioxomolybdenum(VI) are six-coordinate octahedral ones. Keywords: Dioxomolybdenum(VI)Kinetic templateMacrocyclic...

AbstractAbstractCleanliness of steel is a primary requirement for flat products. It obtained with minimum defects by controlling the liquid flow characteristics in mould and fluctuations over meniscus surface. Liquid region due to momentum pouring stream which turn related clogging submerged entry nozzle argon mould. This makes control dynamics important. The level fluctuation index, fraction or percentage optimised gas models have been developed are correlated minimised surface throughout...

Due to their biological relevance, molybdenum catalyzed oxygen transfer reactions have great interest. With this view, some dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes with general formula [MoO 2 (mac)](acac) , (where mac = tetraazamacrocyclic ligands derived from condensation of furil 1,2‐ethanediamine or 1,3‐propanediamine and reaction β‐diketones) been synthesized using dioxometal ion as kinetic template. The prepared characterized by electrical conductance, elemental analyses, infrared electronic...

A series of oxovanadium(IV) complexes the type [VO(mac)]SO 4 (where mac = tetraazamacrocyclic ligands derived from condensation 4,4,4‐trifluro‐1‐(2‐furyl)‐1,3‐butanedione or 4,4,4‐trifluro‐1‐(2‐thenyl)‐1,3‐butanedione with p ‐phenylenediamine and their reaction β ‐diketones) have been prepared using oxometal ion vanadium as kinetic template. These ascertained by electrical conductance, magnetic moment, elemental analyses, infrared, e.s.r. electronic spectral data. All are five‐coordinate ones.

The proposed paper deals with the hardware validation of Hybrid Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique via Novel ML (Monotonous Learning) Controller & Perturb Observe (P&O) Method. MPPT methods find its inability in handling periodic variation against tiny change irradiance and temperature. Further, it also shows enhancing dynamic responsiveness when varies quickly. To overcome these problems, this a controller incorporated P&O method along to confirm suitability practical...

AbstractAbstractCoke quality depends on the characteristics of input coal blend and operating parameters. Very conclusive documentation influence coke mass temperature are available, however, carbonisation time/slower has not been addressed adequately. Experimentation at stamp charged battery Tata Steel reveals that increased time results in closely sized with improved mean size. The carbon undergoes significant textural changes. isotropic content decreases, amount coarse fine mosaic texture...

Oxovanadium(IV) complexes having the general formula [VO(L)] were designed and synthesized using vanadyl ion as kinetic template with ligands derived by condensation of \beta-diketones such acetylacetone, benzoylacetone, thenoyltrifluoroacetone, dibenzoylmethane 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine or 2-aminobenzoic acid 2-aminonicotinic acid. Tentative structures proposed on basis elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic moments, spectral (infrared, electronic electron spin resonance) data. All...

Synthesis of some new dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes having general formula [MoO2(mac)](acac)2, (where mac = tetraazamacrocyclic ligands derived from condensation furil with 1,2-diaminobenzene or 2,3-diaminopyridine and their reaction ?-diketones) using dioxometal ion as kinetic template are reported. The prepared have been characterized by molar conductance, elemental analyses, infrared electronic data. spectral data indicate that act tetradentate chelating agent. Due to biological...

This paper presents a technical reassessment of the duality theory grid-forming and grid-following inverters, which are pivotal in modern power systems integrating renewable energy sources. Grid-forming inverters actively regulate voltage frequency, enabling islanded operation, while synchronize with grid's frequency. We systematically analyze operational principles, control strategies, dynamic behaviors both inverter types. The highlights their functions, emphasizing complementary roles...

This paper introduces a novel digital controlled DC-DC converter tailored specifically for electric vehicle (EV) applications. The primary objective of this system is to efficiently convert the high battery voltage characteristic EVs into lower suitable powering vehicle's electronic subsystems. core proposed resides in meticulously designed power stage, which employs phase-shifted Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) full-bridge architecture. singular one-chip PIC microcomputer handle both feedback...

As the proliferation of Internet Things (IoT) devices continues to surge, securing these and their networks has become paramount. This research paper examines landscape cybersecurity technologies developed protect IoT systems across various sectors. We explore fundamental vulnerabilities inherent networks, including susceptibility unauthorized access, data breaches, other cyber threats. study also highlights cutting-edge solutions, such as advanced encryption methods, blockchain technology,...

The burgeoning demand for sustainable urban development necessitates innovative solutions in infrastructure, particularly the realm of street lighting. This paper introduces a novel sensor-reduced smart lighting system designed to optimize energy consumption while maintaining safety and comfort environments. Unlike traditional systems that rely heavily on continuous sensor input, our proposed model utilizes minimal setup coupled with an intelligent algorithm predicts needs based historical...

As power systems evolve, cybersecurity is increasingly crucial for effective communication in dispatch operations. To mitigate network-related threats and criminal activities, advanced security monitoring platforms equipped with vertical encryption sophisticated devices are being implemented electric systems. These designed to be both flexible adaptable. This paper discusses the development of a safer secondary system environment electricity, incorporating new-generation technologies. It...

The abstract clearly defines the aim of research, which is to explore implementation IEC 61850 standard in substation automation systems, particularly focusing on integrating cybersecurity measures. This addresses a critical need field electrical engineering and infrastructure security. presented paper involves thorough review analysis existing implementations application frameworks within those systems. suggests comprehensive approach, likely combining both theoretical empirical research...

In the realm of electrified railways, Traction Power Systems (TPSs) are paramount importance. The evolution from traditional to innovative TPS architectures is driven not merely by a quest for enhanced efficiency and resilience in rail systems but also compelled pressing objective achieving carbon neutrality. After delineating power supply configurations conventional AC DC systems, this study critiques current TPSs, noting issues such as limited flexibility suboptimal energy efficiency. It...