Magnetic monopoles, though elusive as elementary particles, emerge quantum excitations in granular materials. Under certain conditions, they can undergo Bose condensation, leading to the formation of a novel state matter known superinsulator. In this state, charge carriers, Cooper pairs and anti-Cooper pairs, are bound together by an electric flux string, forming neutral pions. This confinement mechanism results infinite resistance that persists even at finite temperatures. Superinsulators...

Abstract One of the most profound aspects standard model particle physics, mechanism confinement binding quarks into hadrons, is not sufficiently understood. The only known semiclassical confinement, mediated by chromo-electric strings in a condensate magnetic monopoles still lacks experimental evidence. Here we show that infinite resistance superinsulating state, which emerges on insulating side superconductor-insulator transition superconducting films offers realization allows for direct...

A low-temperature intervening metallic regime arising in the two-dimensional superconductor-insulator transition challenges our understanding of electronic fluids. Here we develop a gauge theory revealing that this emergent anomalous metal is bosonic topological insulator where bulk transport suppressed by mutual statistics interactions between out-of-condensate Cooper pairs and vortices longitudinal conductivity mediated symmetry-protected gapless edge modes. We explore...

Superconductivity remains one of most fascinating quantum phenomena existing on a macroscopic scale. Its rich phenomenology is usually described by the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory in terms order parameter, representing wave function superconducting condensate. The GL addresses prime properties, screening electromagnetic field because it becomes massive within superconductor, famous Anderson-Higgs mechanism. Here authors describe another widely-spread type superconductivity where mechanism...

Abstract The key to unraveling the nature of high‐temperature superconductivity (HTS) lies in resolving enigma pseudogap state. state underdoped region is a distinct thermodynamic phase characterized by nematicity, temperature‐quadratic resistive behavior, and magnetoelectric effects. Till present, general description observed universal features their connection with HTS lacking. proposed work constructs unifying effective field theory capturing all characteristics materials explaining...

We provide a microscopic-level derivation of earlier results showing that in the critical vicinity superconductor-to-insulator transition (SIT), disorder and localization become negligible structure emergent phases is determined by topological effects arising from competition between two quantum orders, superconductivity superinsulation. find around point ground state composite incompressible fluid Cooper pairs vortices coexisting with an intertwined Wigner crystal comprising excesses both...

We construct a lattice model of compact (2+1)-dimensional Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory, starting from its formulation in terms gauge invariant quantities proposed by Deser and Jackiw. thereby identify the topological excitations their interactions. These consist monopole-antimonopole pairs bounded strings carrying both magnetic flux electric charge. The charge renders Dirac observable endows them with finite energy per unit length, which results linearly confining string tension....

We present a new Higgsless model of superconductivity, inspired from anyon superconductivity but P- and T-invariant generalizable to any dimension. While the original mechanism was based on incompressible quantum Hall fluids as average field states, our involves topological insulators states. In D space dimensions it (D-1)-form fictitious pseudovector gauge which originates condensation defects in compact low-energy effective BF theories. approximation, corresponding uniform emergent charge...

A bstract Planar superconductors, emerging in thin films with thickness comparable to the superconducting coherence length, differ crucially from their bulk counterparts. Coulomb interactions between charges are logarithmic up distances typical sample sizes and Anderson-Higgs mechanism is ineffective screen infrared divergences of resulting (2+1)-dimensional QED because Pearl length screening vortex also typically larger than size. As a result, system decomposes into droplets size order...

Abstract Despite decades-long efforts, magnetic monopoles were never found as elementary particles. Monopoles and associated currents directly measured in experiments identified topological quasiparticle excitations emergent condensed matter systems. These the related electric-magnetic symmetry restricted to classical electrodynamics, with behaving Here we show that is most fundamental extends full quantum behavior. We demonstrate at low temperatures can form a Bose condensate dual charge...

The nature of hadrons is one the most fundamental mysteries physics. It generally agreed that they are made "colored" quarks, which move nearly free at short scales but confined inside by strong interactions large distances. Because confinement, quarks never directly observable and, experimentally, their properties can be tested only indirectly, via high energy collisions. Here we show superinsulating films realize a complete, one-color model system hadron physics with Cooper pairs playing...

Electric-magnetic duality or S-duality, extending the symmetry of Maxwell's equations by including between Noether electric charges and topological magnetic monopoles, is one most fundamental concepts modern physics. In two-dimensional systems harboring Cooper pairs, S-duality manifests in emergence superinsulation, a state dual to superconductivity, which exhibits an infinite resistance at finite temperatures. The mechanism behind this linear charge confinement monopole plasma. This plasma...

Abstract Room temperature superconductivity under normal conditions has been a major challenge of physics and material science since its discovery. Here the global room‐temperature observed in cleaved highly oriented pyrolytic graphite carrying dense arrays nearly parallel surface line defects is reported. The multiterminal measurements performed at ambient pressure interval 4.5 K ≤ T 300 magnetic fields 0 B 9 applied perpendicular to basal graphitic planes reveal that superconducting...

By establishing a relation between information erasure and continuous phase transitions we generalise the Landauer bound to analog computing systems. The entropy production per degree of freedom during an variable (reset standard value) is given by logarithm configurational volume measured in units its minimal quantum. As consequence every computation has be carried on with finite number bits infinite precision forbidden fundamental laws physics, since it would require amount energy.

Landauer principle describes the minimum heat produced by an information-processing device. Recently a new term has been included in production: it's called conditional entropy and takes into account microstates content of given logic state. Usually this is assumed zero bistable symmetric systems thanks to strong hypothesis used derive principle. In paper we show that can be nonzero even for it expressed as sum three different terms related probabilistic features The contribution (and thus...

It has been believed that the superinsulating state, which is low-temperature charge Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) phase, can exist only in two dimensions. We develop a general gauge description of state and related deconfinement transition Cooper pairs predict existence three dimensions (3d). find 3d superinsulators exhibit Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) critical behavior at phase transition. This string analog Berezinski-Kosterlitz-Thouless criticality for logarithmically linearly...

The classic Landauer bound can be lowered when erasure errors are permitted. Here we point out that continuous phase transitions characterized by an order parameter also viewed as information resetting a certain number of bits to standard value. information-theoretic expression for the generalized in terms error probability implies thus universal form thermodynamic entropy partially ordered phase. We explicitly show function interaction parameters and temperature is identical alone specific...

We investigate nonperturbative features of a planar lattice Chern-Simons gauge theory modeling the physics Josephson junction arrays. By identifying relevant topological configurations and their interactions, we determine phase structure model. Our results match observed transitions in arrays suggest also possibility oblique confining ground states corresponding to purely quantum Hall regimes for either charges or vortices.

We propose a vortex gauge field theory in which the curl of Dirac fermion current density plays role pseudovector charge density.In this field-theoretic model, interactions are mediated by single scalar boson its antisymmetric tensor formulation.We show that these long range induce invariant photon mass one-loop effective action.The loop generates coupling between photons and boson, acquires thus charge.This represents also an induced, invariant, topological for photons, leading to Meissner...