A5048558424- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Iron-based superconductors research
- Magnetic properties of thin films
- Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
- Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
- Italian Fascism and Post-war Society
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography
University of Chieti-Pescara
2022-2024
University of Pennsylvania
2018-2024
Institute for Complex Systems
2018-2022
National Research Council
2022
University of Pennsylvania Health System
2019
Sapienza University of Rome
2013-2018
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
2018
Pennsylvania Hospital
2018
Rome International Center for Materials Science
2013-2014
The effects of e-cigarette (e-cig) aerosol inhalation by nonsmokers have not been examined to date. present study was designed evaluate the acute response non-nicotinized e-cigarettes in terms oxidative stress and indices endothelial activation human pulmonary microvascular cells (HPMVEC). Ten smoking-naïve healthy subjects (mean age ± SD = 28.7 5.5 yr) were subjected an e-cig challenge, following which their serum monitored for markers inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP) soluble...
Background Previous studies showed that nicotinized electronic cigarettes (hereafter, e-cigarettes) elicit systemic oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the effect of aerosol alone on endothelial function is not fully understood. Purpose To quantify surrogate markers in nonsmokers after inhalation from nicotine-free e-cigarettes. Materials Methods In this prospective study (from May to September 2018), underwent 3.0-T MRI before inhaling e-cigarette aerosol. Peripheral vascular...
Oxygen chain fragments are known to appear at the insulator superconductor transition (SIT) in YBa2Cu3O6+y. However self organization and size distribution of oxygen is not known. Here we contribute fill this gap, using scanning micro X ray diffraction which a novel imaging method based on advances focusing synchrotron radiation beam. This approach allows us probe both real-space k-space high-quality YBa2Cu3O6.33 single crystals with Tc=7K. We report compelling evidence for nanoscale striped...
Abstract Despite intensive research a physical explanation of high T c superconductors remains elusive. One reason for this is that these materials have generally very complex structure making useless theoretical models homogeneous system. Little known on the control critical temperature by space disposition defects because lack suitable experimental probes. X-ray diffraction and neutron scattering experiments used to investigate y oxygen dopants in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6+y spatial resolution. Here...
Endothelial cell signaling and blood biomarkers were found to correlate with functional vascular changes in a single episode e-cigarettes inhalation healthy adults. This is indicative of the potential (even when inhaled acutely) lead dysfunction.
During slow-wave sleep, synaptic transmissions are reduced with a concomitant reduction in brain energy consumption. We used 3 Tesla MRI to noninvasively quantify changes the cerebral metabolic rate of O 2 (CMRO ) during wakefulness and leveraging ‘OxFlow’ method, which provides venous saturation (SvO along blood flow (CBF). Twelve healthy subjects (31.3 ± 5.6 years, eight males) underwent 45–60 min continuous scanning yielding one image set every 3.4 s. Concurrent electroencephalography...
BOLD fMRI signal has been used in conjunction with vasodilatory stimulation as a marker of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR): the relative change cerebral blood flow (CBF) arising from unit stimulus. Using numerical simulations, we demonstrate that variability induced by vasodilation is strongly influenced deoxyhemoglobin-containing volume (CBV), this source likely to be more prominent than CVR. It may, therefore, appropriate describe an isometabolic proxy deoxygenated CBV (CBV
The local structure and electronic properties of Rb$_{1-x}$Fe$_{2-y}$Se$_2$ are investigated by means site selective polarized x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the iron selenium K-edges as a function pressure. A combination dispersive geometry novel nanodiamond anvil pressure-cell has permitted to reveal step-like decrease in Fe-Se bond distance $p\simeq11$ GPa. position Fe K-edge pre-peak, which is directly related chemical potential, remains nearly constant until $\sim6$ GPa, followed an...
Degradation of the myelin sheath is a common pathology underlying demyelinating neurological diseases from Multiple Sclerosis to Leukodistrophies. Although large malformations ultrastructure in advanced stages Wallerian degradation known, its subtle structural variations at early demyelination remains poorly characterized. This partly due lack suitable and non-invasive experimental probes possessing sufficient resolution detect degradation. Here we report feasibility application an...
Abstract Background and purpose Reduced cerebral perfusion has been observed in multiple sclerosis (MS) may contribute to tissue loss both acutely chronically. Here, we test the hypothesis that hypoperfusion occurs MS relates presence of irreversible damage. Methods In 91 patients with relapsing 26 healthy controls (HC), gray matter (GM) blood flow (CBF) was assessed using pulsed arterial spin labeling. GM volume, T1 hypointense T2 hyperintense lesion volumes (T1LV T2LV, respectively),...
Abstract A key function of sleep is to provide a regular period reduced brain metabolism, which critical for maintenance healthy function. The purpose this work was quantify the sleep‐stage‐dependent changes in energetics terms cerebral metabolic rate oxygen (CMRO 2 ) as stage using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with concurrent electroencephalography (EEG) during scanner. Twenty‐two young and older subjects hygiene Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) normal range were...
Abstract Free water fraction (FWF) represents the amount of per unit volume brain parenchyma, which is not bound to macromolecules. Its excess in multiple sclerosis (MS) related increased tissue loss. The use mcDESPOT (multicomponent driven single pulse observation T1 and T2), a 3D imaging method exploits both T2 contrasts, allows FWF be derived clinically feasible times. However, this has been used quantify changes their potential clinical impact MS. aim study investigate MS patients...
Abstract Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) reflects the capacity of brain’s vasculature to increase blood flow following a vasodilatory stimulus. Reactivity is an essential property vessels that maintains nutrient supplies in face changing demand. In Multiple Sclerosis (MS), CVR may be diminished with brain inflammation and this contribute neurodegeneration. We test hypothesis altered MS neuroinflammation it restored when reduced. Using breath-hold task during functional Magnetic Resonance...
Neural tissue is a hierarchical multiscale system with intracellular and extracellular diffusion compartments at different length scales. The normal of bulk water in tissues not able to detect the specific features complex system, providing nonlocal, measurement averaged on 10-20 μm scale. Being probe sub-micrometric quantify new local parameters, transient anomalous (tAD) would dramatically increase diagnostic potential MRI (DMRI) detecting collective sub-micro architectural changes human...
This study aimed to investigate the Diffusion-Tensor-Imaging (DTI) potential in detection of microstructural changes prostate cancer (PCa) relation diffusion weight (b-value) and associated length lD. Thirty-two patients (age range = 50-87 years) with biopsy-proven PCa underwent Diffusion-Weighted-Imaging (DWI) at 3T, using single non-zero b-value or groups b-values up b 2500 s/mm2. The DTI maps (mean-diffusivity, MD; fractional-anisotropy, FA; axial radial diffusivity, D// D┴), visual...
Abnormal maternal vascular function during pregnancy stemming from systemic endothelial dysfunction (EDF) has a central role in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia (PE).To utilize quantitative MRI to investigate changes physiological measures reactivity normal pregnancy, and explore EDF associated with preeclampsia.Prospective.Healthy pregnant (HP) (n = 14, mean GA 26 ± 7 weeks) nonpregnant women (NP; n 14); newly postpartum (PP <48 hours) severe PE (PP-PE; 4) normotensive (PP-HP;...
Sleep, a state of reduced consciousness, affects brain oxygen metabolism and lowers cerebral metabolic rate (CMRO2). Previously, we quantified CMRO2 during sleep via Fick's Principle, with single-band MRI sequence measuring both hemoglobin O2 saturation (SvO2) superior sagittal sinus (SSS) blood flow, which was upscaled to obtain total flow (tCBF). The procedure involves brief initial calibration scan determine the upscaling factor (fc), assumed state-invariant. Here, used dual-band...