We assessed the risk of COVID-19 infection in a healthcare worker (HCW) from multiple pathways exposure to SARS-CoV-2 health-care setting short distance 0.6 m between HCW and patient while caring, evaluated effectiveness face mask shield using model that combined previous infection-risk models. The included hand contact via contaminated surfaces an HCW's fingers with droplets, droplet spray, inhalation inspirable respirable particles. assumed scenario medium time (MCT) long (LCT) over 1 day...

Abstract To characterize potential air pollution issues related to recycling facilities of waste plastics, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from melted virgin and plastics pellets were analyzed. In this study, laboratory experiments performed melt plastic under various temperatures (150, 200, 250 °C) atmospheres (air nitrogen [N2]). the study presented here, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) recycled used. The VOCs generated each collected by...

We measured temporal changes in concentrations of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) and individual a newly built daycare center. The the TVOC were monitored with photo ionization detector (PID), indoor air was sampled analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to determine constituent VOCs. measurements performed just after completion building again 3 months completion. concentration exceeded 1000 µg·m(-3) for all sampling...

Abstract Background In Japan, there are currently no definitive conclusions regarding the characteristics of multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) and electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS). This study aimed to determine prevalence correlation MCS EHS with age, sex, depression in Japanese population. Methods An anonymous self-report questionnaire was distributed 2,007 participants. Variables such as MCS, EHS, score, demographic were individually evaluated using U-test, chi-squared test,...

Continuous measurements using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) can be used to describe the production processes of secondary products during ozone induced oxidation terpenes. Terpenes are emitted from woody building materials, and is generated air purifiers copy machines in indoor environments. Carbonyl compounds (CCs) by human activities such as smoking drinking alcohol. Moreover, CCs Therefore, coexistent should affect oxidation. This study has focused on measurement...

While various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are known to show neurotoxic effects, the detailed mechanisms of action VOCs on autonomic nervous system not fully understood, partially because objective and quantitative measures indicate neural abnormalities still under development. Nevertheless, heart rate variability (HRV) has been recently proposed as an indicative measure effects. In this study, we used HRV effects relate their values personal concentrations measured by a real-time VOC...

This study demonstrates an application of cluster analysis to constant ambient air monitoring data four pollutants in the Kanto region: NOx, photochemical oxidant (Ox), suspended particulate matter, and non-methane hydrocarbons. Constant can provide important information about surrounding atmospheric pollution. However, at same time, place a significant financial burden on some autonomous communities. Thus, it has been necessary reduce both number stations chemicals monitored. To achieve...

The irreversible removal of acetaldehyde from indoor air via a chemical reaction with amino acids was investigated. To compare effectiveness, five types acid (glycine, l-lysine, l-methionine, l-cysteine, and l-cystine) were used as the reactants. First, acetaldehyde-laden introduced into aqueous solutions each abilities compared. Among acids, l-cysteine solution showed much higher efficiency, while other didn't show any significant differences efficiency water control. Next, test by...

Experimental study was conducted on the simultaneous process of decomposition and fixation fluoride F-gases. HFC-134a, a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), used most widely, selected as model gas, its performances were examined in tube type reactor with without waste concrete powder. Decomposition HFC-134a observed at temperatures above 500 °C, while no thermal occurred below 750 °C concrete. The results for differential high SV demonstrated that calcium reaction ratio reached about 50 mol % after 10...

This study measured air exchange rates, indoor concentrations of aldehydes and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), radioactivity levels at 19 temporary houses in different housing estate constructed Minamisoma City following the Great East Japan Earthquake. The surveyed represented all companies assigned to construct that City. Data were collected shortly after construction before occupation, from August 2011 January 2012. Mean rates 0.28/h, with no variation according types date....

Emission rates of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) from building materials, such as vinyl floorings and wall paper, determined using a passive flux sampler (PFS) were constant over the week-long measurement period. for wallpaper linearly correlated to inverse diffusion distance, which corresponds internal depth PFS. Surface-air DEHP concentrations (y0) estimated 1.3–2.3 μg/m3 materials having boundary layer molecular rate-limiting step. The partition coefficient (Kmaterial-air) was 3.3–7.5 ×...

In-situ real-time monitoring of volatile organic compound (VOC) exposure and heart rate variability (HRV) were conducted for eight multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) patients using a VOC monitor, Holter time-activity questionnaire 24 h to identify the relationship between exposure, biological effects, subjective symptoms in actual life. The results revealed no significantly different parameters averaged values such as concentration, HF (high frequency), LF (low frequency) ratio compared...

Background & objectives The Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI) developed by Miller Prihoda in the USA is used as a questionnaire for patients with multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) >10 countries. We Japanese version of QEESI, assessed its reliability validity, defined original cut-off values screening MCS 2003. Our recent study revealed that opportunities exposure to various chemicals had increased people Japan, while subjective symptoms severity. In this study,...

During the recent emergence of COVID-19, an increased practice hand hygiene coincided with reduced incidence norovirus epidemic in Japan, which is similar to experience pandemic flu 2009. We investigated relationship between sales products, including liquid soap and alcohol-based sanitizer, trend epidemic. used national gastroenteritis surveillance data across Japan 2020 2021 compared base statistics these two years average previous 10 (2010-2019). calculated correlations (Spearman's Rho)...

Simulated exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in the environment was demonstrated based on actual disease 2019 cluster occurrence an office, with a projected risk considering likely transmission pathways via aerosols and fomites. A total of 35/85 occupants were infected, attack rate first stage as 0.30. It inferred that aerosol at long-range produced virus concentration saliva infected cases basis simulation, more than 10

Styrene in indoor air can adversely affect human health. In this study, styrene monomer and other chemical emission fluxes for products containing expanded polystyrene beads (pillows, cushions, soft toys) were measured at various temperatures to simulate typical product use. The contributions of the concentrations exposure these chemicals estimated, health risk assessments performed. samples 25°C between 25.3 8.73×103 μg/(m2 h). surfaces increased strongly as temperature increased, from 124...

A combined integration analysis and real time monitoring (Peak Capture System) system was developed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Individual can be used to qualitatively quantitatively analyze VOCs in the atmosphere indoor environments determine variation total VOC (TVOC) concentration with time, respectively. In Peak System, predict future elevations TVOC (peak), this an indicator of when collect (capture) ambient air samples analysis. This enabled qualitative quantitative high. We...

The feasibility of the combined air-cleaning method, which consisted a wet scrubber and photo-Fenton reaction, in removal gaseous acetaldehyde was evaluated. An acetaldehyde-gas efficiency 99% achieved one-pass test (residence time 17 s) using an inlet concentration 1000 ppb at initial total-iron-ion 50 mg L⁻¹ hydrogen peroxide 630 L⁻¹. Even low 4 L⁻¹, 92% achieved. relatively independent concentration. UV irradiation further augmented rate reaction...

Evaluation of air quality by concentration just only target compounds has the possibility a lot trouble. In this study, we evaluated new nursery room. As result, TVOC concentrations greatly exceeded indoor value (400 μg/m3). Moreover, verified various ventilation methods such as continuous running kitchen fan, securing routes and introduction additional ventilating drastically decreased to one-tenth compared with opening status after 3 months. addition, rates estimated change PID monitor increased.