A5005984966- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Cellular transport and secretion
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Animal testing and alternatives
- Cognitive Science and Mapping
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
2021-2024
MODUL University Vienna
2020
Cornell University
2020
Queen Mary University of London
2020
The genetic architecture of adaptive traits is key importance to predict evolutionary responses. Most are polygenic-i.e., result from selection on a large number loci-but most molecularly characterized have simple basis. This discrepancy best explained by the difficulty in detecting small allele frequency changes (AFCs) across many contributing loci. To resolve this, we use laboratory natural detect signatures for selective sweeps and polygenic adaptation. We exposed 10 replicates Drosophila...
Neural differentiation, synaptic transmission, and action potential propagation depend on membrane sphingolipids, whose metabolism is tightly regulated. Mutations in the ceramide transporter CERT (CERT1), which involved sphingolipid biosynthesis, are associated with intellectual disability, but pathogenic mechanism remains obscure. Here, we characterize 31 individuals de novo missense variants CERT1. Several fall into a previously uncharacterized dimeric helical domain that enables...
The pervasive occurrence of sexual dimorphism demonstrates different adaptive strategies males and females. While reproductive the two sexes are well-characterized, very little is known about differential functional requirements females in their natural habitats. Here, we study impact environmental change on selection response both sexes. Exposing replicated Drosophila populations to a novel temperature regime, demonstrate sex-specific changes gene expression, metabolic behavioral phenotypes...
Alternative splicing is the highly regulated process of variation in removal introns from premessenger-RNA transcripts. The consequences alternative on phenotype are well documented, but impact environment not yet clear. We studied among four different temperatures, 13, 18, 23, and 29°, two Drosophila melanogaster genotypes. show plasticity with up to 10% expressed genes being differentially spliced between most extreme temperatures for a given genotype. Comparing genotypes at we found <1%...
Neuronal activity is temperature sensitive and affects behavioral traits important for individual fitness, such as locomotion courtship. Yet, we do not know enough about the evolutionary response of neuronal phenotypes in new environments. Here, use long-term experimental evolution Drosophila simulans populations exposed to novel regimes. demonstrate a direct relationship between thermal selective pressure neuronally expressed molecular phenotypes. Several essential genes evolve lower...
Gene expression profiling is one of the most reliable high-throughput phenotyping methods, allowing researchers to quantify transcript abundance expressed genes. Because many biotic and abiotic factors influence gene expression, it recommended control them as tightly possible. Here, we show that a 24 h age difference Drosophila simulans females were subjected RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) five six days after eclosure resulted in more than 2000 differentially This twice number genes changed during...
Most traits are polygenic, and the contributing loci can be identified by genome-wide association studies. The genetic basis of adaptation (adaptive architecture) is, however, difficult to characterize. Here, we propose study adaptive architecture monitoring evolution their phenotypic variance during a new environment in well-defined laboratory conditions. Extensive computer simulations show that replicated experimental setting distinguish between oligogenic polygenic architectures. We...
Abstract Background Reproductive isolation can result from adaptive processes (e.g., ecological speciation and mutation-order speciation) or stochastic such as “system drift” model. Ecological predicts barriers to gene flow between populations different environments, but not among replicate the same environment. In contrast, reproductive independently adapted same/similar environment arise both system drift. Results experimentally evolved adapting a hot for over 100 generations, we find...
Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic that can move around the genome, and their expression is one precondition for this mobility. Because insertion of TEs in new genomic positions largely deleterious, molecular mechanisms transcriptional suppression have been extensively studied. In contrast, very little known about primary regulation. Here, we characterize dynamics TE families Drosophila melanogaster across a broad temperature range (13-29°C). 71% expressed families, modulated by...
Abstract The genetic architecture of adaptive traits is key importance to predict evolutionary responses. Most are polygenic – i.e. result from selection on a large number loci but most molecularly characterized have simple basis. This discrepancy best explained by the difficulty in detecting small allele frequency changes across many contributing loci. To resolve this, we use laboratory natural selection, framework that powerful enough detect signatures for selective sweeps and adaptation....
ABSTRACT Genetic determinism of behavior supposes that behaviors are fundamentally defined by genetics 1–3 . However, also modified development 4 , environment 5, 6 and learning 7–9 It is assumed if we could control all these factors, would be genetically predictable. These however, cannot controlled in humans, have been impervious to dissection joint even animal models 10–17 How genotype 13 life experience 16 interact shape individual through 17 has lacking experimental evidence, thus...
Adaptation to local environments is a general principle in nature. In the light of ongoing climatic change, mechanisms for temperature adaptation are particular interest[1][1]–[2][2]. Many essential biological processes sensitive, and neuronal activity[3][3]–[7][4]
Abstract Most traits are polygenic and the contributing loci can be identified by GWAS. Their adaptive architecture is, however, difficult to characterize. Here, we propose study of monitoring evolution their phenotypic variance during adaptation a new environment in well-defined laboratory conditions. Extensive computer simulations show that replicated experimental setting distinguish between oligogenic architectures. We compared gene expression male Drosophila simulans before after 100...
Abstract Background Ecological speciation and mutation-order are two different mechanisms of adaptation-driven speciation. Both predict patterns reproductive isolation for replicate populations adapting to the same environment. With ecological speciation, barriers gene flow emerge between from environments, but not among Mutation-order predicts adapted Results We demonstrate that both processes occurred within about 100 generations when Drosophila simulans a novel, hot Gene expression...