A5026910100- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Insect Utilization and Effects
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Insect behavior and control techniques
- Phytoplasmas and Hemiptera pathogens
- Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Studies on Chitinases and Chitosanases
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
2016-2025
École Polytechnique
2013-2021
ORCID
2019
Global Policy Institute
2017
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2003-2013
Sorbonne Université
1991-2013
Centre de Génétique Moléculaire
2002-2011
In-Q-Tel
2010
PregLem (Switzerland)
2009
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
2005
A comparative analysis of the genomes Drosophila melanogaster , Caenorhabditis elegans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae —and proteins they are predicted to encode—was undertaken in context cellular, developmental, evolutionary processes. The nonredundant protein sets flies worms similar size only twice that yeast, but different gene families expanded each genome, multidomain signaling pathways fly worm far more complex than those yeast. has orthologs 177 289 human disease genes examined provides...
Insects respond to microbial infection by the rapid and transient expression of several genes encoding potent antimicrobial peptides. Herein we demonstrate that this response Drosophila is not aspecific but can discriminate between various classes microorganisms. We first observe antibacterial antifungal peptides are differentially expressed after injection distinct More strikingly, naturally infected entomopathogenic fungi exhibit an adapted producing only with activities. This mediated...
To identify new Drosophila genes involved in the immune response, we monitored gene expression profile of adult flies response to microbial infection by using high-density oligonucleotide microarrays encompassing nearly full genome. Of 13,197 tested, have characterized 230 induced and 170 repressed infection, most which had not previously been associated with response. Many these can be assigned specific aspects including recognition, phagocytosis, coagulation, melanization, activation...
Gut homeostasis is controlled by both immune and developmental mechanisms, its disruption can lead to inflammatory disorders or cancerous lesions of the intestine. While impact bacteria on mucosal system beginning be precisely understood, little known about effects gut epithelium renewal. Here, we addressed how infectious indigenous modulate stem cell activity in Drosophila . We show that increased renewal observed upon some bacterial infections a consequence oxidative burst, major defense...
In this paper we report a recessive mutation, immune deficiency (imd), that impairs the inducibility of all genes encoding antibacterial peptides during response Drosophila. When challenged with bacteria, flies carrying mutation show lower survival rate than wild-type flies. We also that, in contrast to peptides, antifungal peptide drosomycin remains inducible homozygous imd mutant background. These results point existence two different pathways leading expression types target genes, either...
Although the gut is a central organ of Eumetazoans and essential for organismal health, our understanding its morphological molecular determinants remains rudimentary. Here, we provide comprehensive atlas Drosophila adult midgut. Specifically, uncover fine-grained regional organization consisting 14 subregions with distinct morphological, histological, genetic properties. We also show that intestinal regionalization defined after emergence, stable throughout life, reestablishes following...
Drosophila has been shown to be a valuable model for the investigation of host–pathogen interactions. Study immune response hampered, however, by lack true pathogens. In nearly all studies reported, bacteria used were directly injected within body cavity insect, bypassing initial steps natural interaction. Here, we report identification previously uncharacterized bacterial species, Pseudomonas entomophila ( Pe ), which capacity induce systemic expression antimicrobial peptide genes in after...
To elucidate mechanisms underlying the complex relationships between a host and its microbiota, we used genetically tractable model Drosophila melanogaster. Consistent with previous studies, microbiota was simple in composition diversity. However, analysis of single flies revealed high interfly variability that correlated differences feeding. understand effects this variable consortium, compared transcriptome guts from conventionally reared to for their axenically counterparts. Our two...
Gut homeostasis is central to whole organism health, and its disruption associated with a broad range of pathologies. Following damage, complex physiological events are required in the gut maintain proper homeostasis. Previously, we demonstrated that ingestion nonlethal pathogen, Erwinia carotovora 15, induces massive increase stem cell proliferation Drosophila. However, precise cellular occur following infection have not been quantitatively described, nor do understand interaction between...
The melanization reaction is a major immune response in Arthropods and involves the rapid synthesis of melanin at site infection injury. A key enzyme process phenoloxidase (PO), which catalyzes oxidation phenols to quinones, subsequently polymerize into melanin. Drosophila genome encodes three POs, are primarily produced as zymogens or prophenoloxidases (PPO). Two them, PPO1 PPO2, by crystal cells. Here we have generated flies carrying deletions PPO2. By analyzing these mutations alone...
The peritrophic matrix (PM) forms a layer composed of chitin and glycoproteins that lines the insect intestinal lumen. This physical barrier plays role analogous to mucous secretions vertebrate digestive tract is thought protect midgut epithelium from abrasive food particles microbes. Almost nothing known about PM functions in Drosophila , its function as an immune has never been addressed by genetic approach. Here we show Drosocrystallin (Dcy) protein, putative component eye lens...