A5005344988- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Geophysical Methods and Applications
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Quantum optics and atomic interactions
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Energy Load and Power Forecasting
- Computational Physics and Python Applications
British Geological Survey
2016-2025
Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
2022
Geological Society of London
2019
Imperial College London
2019
Goddard Space Flight Center
2018
University of Edinburgh
2003-2009
BAE Systems (United Kingdom)
2004
The 12th generation of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) was adopted in December 2014 by Working Group V-MOD appointed Association Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA). It updates previous IGRF with a definitive main field model for epoch 2010.0, 2015.0, linear annual predictive secular variation 2015.0-2020.0. Here, we present equations defining model, provide spherical harmonic coefficients, maps magnetic declination, inclination, total intensity 2015.0 their predicted rates...
The eleventh generation of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) was adopted in December 2009 by Association Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) Working Group V-MOD.It updates previous IGRF with a definitive main field model DGRF 2005.0, for 2010.0, linear predictive secular variation 2010.0-2015.0.In this note equations defining are provided together spherical harmonic coefficients generation.Maps magnetic Declination, Inclination Total Intensity epoch 2010.0 their predicted...
Abstract In December 2019, the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) Division V Working Group (V-MOD) adopted thirteenth generation Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF). This IGRF updates previous with a definitive main field model for epoch 2015.0, 2020.0, predictive linear secular variation 2020.0 to 2025.0. letter provides equations defining IGRF, spherical harmonic coefficients this model, maps magnetic declination, inclination total intensity their predicted rate...
Swarm, a three-satellite constellation to study the dynamics of Earth’s magnetic field and its interactions with Earth system, is expected be launched in late 2013. The objective Swarm mission provide best ever survey geomagnetic temporal evolution, order gain new insights into system by improving our understanding interior environment. In derive advanced models (and other higher-level data products) it necessary take explicit advantage aspect Swarm. SCARF (SatelliteConstellationApplication...
A series of 100‐year extreme geoelectric field and geomagnetically induced current (GIC) scenarios are explored by taking into account the key geophysical factors associated with geomagnetic induction process. More specifically, we derive explicit temporal profiles as a function ground conductivity structures latitudes. We also demonstrate how can be mapped GIC. Generated statistics indicate 20 V/km 5 maximum 10‐s amplitudes at high‐latitude locations poorly conducting well‐conducting...
Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GIC) can be damaging to high‐voltage power transmission systems. GIC are driven by rapid changes in the strength of magnetic field external Earth's surface. Electric fields produced ground interaction between this changing field, sea and conductivity structure Earth. Using a technique known as “thin‐sheet approximation,” we determine electric at surface, which turn allows calculation earthing connections transformers within grid. We describe two new...
Abstract Data from the first year of ESA's Swarm constellation mission are used to derive Initial Field Model (SIFM), a new model Earth's magnetic field and its time variation. In addition conventional observations provided by each three satellites, explicit advantage is taken aspect including east‐west intensity gradient information lower satellite pair. Along‐track differences in provide further concerning north‐south gradient. The SIFM static shows excellent agreement (up at least degree...
The 12th revision of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) was issued in December 2014 by Association Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) Division V Working Group V-MOD ( http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/IAGA/vmod/igrf.html ). This comprises new spherical harmonic main field models for epochs 2010.0 (DGRF-2010) 2015.0 (IGRF-2015) predictive linear secular variation interval 2015.0-2020.0 (SV-2010-2015). were derived from weighted averages candidate submitted ten international teams....
Abstract The measurement and collection of digital magnetic field data in Europe extends back to the 1970s, providing over 30 years for analysis severe space weather. Although paper records can potentially extend these sets by a century, few digitized are currently available use extreme studies. Therefore, we rely on theoretical arguments modeling elucidate largest likely variations field. We assess relationship, during three storms era, between horizontal measured Dst index estimate more...
Abstract Space weather phenomena have been studied in detail the peer‐reviewed scientific literature. However, there has arguably scant analysis of potential socioeconomic impacts space weather, despite a growing gray literature from different national studies, varying degrees methodological rigor. In this analysis, we therefore provide general framework for assessing critical infrastructure failure resulting geomagnetic disturbances, applying it to British high‐voltage electricity...
Geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) are created by the interaction of rapid changes in magnitude magnetic field with conductive subsurface Earth. The changing induces electric currents, which particularly strong along boundaries between regions contrasting conductivity structure such as land and sea. A technique known 'thin-sheet approximation' can be used to determine at Earth's surface, turn allows calculation GIC earthing connections high-voltage nodes within a power grid. thin-sheet...
Abstract Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) are a well‐known terrestrial space weather hazard. They occur in power transmission networks and known to have adverse effects both high‐latitude midlatitude countries. Here we study GICs the Irish network (geomagnetic latitude 54.7–58.5°N) during five geomagnetic storms (6–7 March 2016, 20–21 December 2015, 17–18 29–31 October 2003, 13–14 1989). We simulate electric fields using plane wave method together with two ground resistivity models,...
Abstract. Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) in power systems, which can lead to transformer damage over the short and long term, are a result of space weather events geomagnetic variations. For time, only high-latitude areas were considered be at risk from these currents, but recent studies show that considerable GICs also appear midlatitude equatorial countries. In this paper, we present initial results GIC model using thin-sheet approach with detailed surface subsurface conductivity...
Abstract Multistation observations of Schumann resonance (SR) intensity document common behavior in the evolution continental‐scale lightning activity two super El Niño events, occurring 1997/98 and 2015/16. The vertical electric field component SR at Nagycenk, Hungary horizontal magnetic components Rhode Island, USA 1997, 2014–2015, Hornsund, Svalbard Eskdalemuir, United Kingdom as well Boulder Creek, California Alberta, Canada exhibit considerable increases from some tens percent up to a...
Abstract Extreme space weather can damage ground‐based infrastructure such as power lines, railways and gas pipelines through geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). Modeling GICs requires knowledge about the source magnetic field electrical conductivity structure of Earth to calculate ground electric fields during enhanced geomagnetic activity. The field, in combination with detailed information grid topology, enable modeling high‐voltage (HV) lines. Directly monitoring substations is...
The Carrington event of September 1859 is the best known example an extreme geomagnetic storm, often cited when discussing space weather risks for modern infrastructure. Historic observations including auroral sightings, magnetometer records and anecdotes impacts on telegraph systems have been widely shared before, but none these included from Netherlands. Geomagnetic taken in Utrecht Den Helder during were digitised Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute’s (KNMI) yearbook 1859, compared...
Abstract Geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) are defined as rapid changes in the magnetic field of Earth that can lead to geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). Recent studies have shown there two main populations GMDs, one pre‐midnight sector and dawn sector. The GMDs been related substorm current wedge. population has previously found occur during multiple intensification events. We adapt SOPHIE list identify more instances intensifications. models suggest formation a “dawnside wedge” (DCW)...
Quantum magnetic sensing offers several powerful advantages over the classic combination of triaxial fluxgate and proton precession magnetometers. Advances in quantum technology, such as optically-pumped magnetometers (OPMs), have enabled single sensors to make full-field, high-frequency, temperature-insensitive measurements natural field (i.e., 0-60μT). The low noise, high bandwidth OPMs can be used detect absolute changes arising from secular variation well rapid variations...
The eleventh generation of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) was agreed in December 2009 by a task force appointed Association Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) Division V Working Group V-MOD. New spherical harmonic main field models for epochs 2005.0 (DGRF-2005) 2010.0 (IGRF-2010), predictive linear secular variation interval 2010.0–2015.0 (SV-2010-2015) were derived from weighted averages candidate submitted teams led DTU Space, Denmark (team A); NOAA/NGDC, U.S.A. B);...