A5045334477- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Poisoning and overdose treatments
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Cancer Treatment and Pharmacology
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and mitigation
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Neutropenia and Cancer Infections
- Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy
- Social Media in Health Education
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
University of Strathclyde
2012-2024
NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde
1999-2019
Glasgow Royal Infirmary
2016-2019
Western Infirmary
2005-2014
Boston Children's Hospital
2013
Queensland University of Technology
2010
University of Glasgow
1992-2008
Aintree University Hospital
2002
University of Wales
2001-2002
University of Liverpool
2002
<h3>Objective</h3> To investigate a reported rise in the emergency hospital admission of children England for conditions usually managed community. <h3>Setting and design</h3> Population-based study rates aged under 15, based on analysis Hospital Episode Statistics population estimates England, 1999–2010. <h3>Main outcome</h3> Trends to hospital. <h3>Results</h3> The rate 15 has increased by 28% past decade, from 63 per 1000 1999 81 2010. A persistent year-on-year increase is apparent 2003...
ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to develop a population pharmacokinetic model vancomycin in adult patients, use dosage guidelines targeting trough concentrations 10–15 mg/L and evaluate the performance these new guidelines.
Vancomycin is one of the most evaluated antibiotics in neonates using modeling and simulation approaches. However no clear consensus on optimal dosing has been achieved. The objective present study was to perform an external evaluation published models, order test their predictive performances independent dataset identify possible study-related factors influencing transferability pharmacokinetic models different clinical settings.Published neonatal vancomycin were screened from literature....
Uncertainty exists regarding the optimal dosing regimen for vancomycin in different patient populations, leading to a plethora of subgroup-specific pharmacokinetic models and derived regimens. We aimed investigate whether single model could be developed based on broad dataset covering extremes characteristics. Furthermore, as benchmark current recommendations, we evaluated optimised expected exposure throughout life specific subgroups.A pooled population-pharmacokinetic was built NONMEM data...
Objective: To evaluate an intravenous meropenem dosage regimen in adult intensive care patients with acute renal failure treated by continuous replacement therapy. Design: A prospective, clinical study. Setting: General unit of a university hospital. Patients: Ten critically ill being and receiving veno-venous hemofiltration (hemofiltration rates, 1-2 L/hr) (n = 5) or hemodiafiltration 1-1.5 L/hr; dialysis via polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber 0.9-m2 filter. Interventions: Patients received...
Abstract: The development of new onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aimed at identifying risk factors for the NODAT. We performed a retrospective review 787 renal transplants between 1994 2004 single centre. NODAT was diagnosed in patients who had two random plasma glucose concentrations >11.1 mmol/L first month post‐transplant or required treatment hyperglycaemia within continued thereafter....
Doxorubicin pharmacokinetics were determined in 33 patients with solid tumours who received intravenous doses of 20–320 mg m–2 HPMA copolymer bound doxorubicin (PK1) a phase I study. Since assay constraints limited the data at lower doses, conventional analysis was not feasible and 'population approach' used. Bound concentrations best described by biexponential model further analyses revealed small influence dose or weight on V1 but no identifiable effects age, body surface area, renal...
Aim If appropriately accounted for in a pharmacokinetic (PK)–pharmacodynamic (PD) model, time‐varying covariates can provide additional information to that obtained from time‐constant covariates. The aim was present and apply two models applicable capture such information. Methods first model estimates different covariate–parameter relationships within‐ between‐individual variation covariate values, by splitting the standard into baseline (BCOV) effect difference (DCOV) effect. second allows...
To develop a population model to describe the pharmacokinetics (PK) of intravenous meropenem in adult patients with severe burns and investigate potential relationships between dosage regimens antimicrobial efficacy. A dose 1 g every 8 h was administered total body surface area ≥15%. Doses for subsequent courses were determined using results from initial course patient's clinical condition. Five plasma concentrations typically measured over interval on one four occasions. An open,...
The population pharmacokinetics of caffeine were investigated in 60 neonates and young infants using data collected during routine therapeutic drug monitoring. Clearance was influenced by body weight postnatal age, increased the presence dexamethasone. No clinical factors identified that volume distribution. pharmacokinetic parameter estimates then tested prospectively a further 20 neonates. Although they produced unbiased results, dexamethasone effect could not be identified. A final...
The influence of a number clinical characteristics on the population pharmacokinetics gentamicin were examined using routine drug-monitoring data from group 113 neonates. analyzed programme NONMEM. Clearance was 0.053 litres.h-1.kg-1 and reduced in neonates with postconceptional age less than or equal to 34 weeks (X 0.83) 5-min Apgar score 7 0.82). Volume distribution 0.47 litres.kg-1. These mean parameter estimates used generate dosage regimens achieve concentrations within therapeutic range.
The best method for determining hydrocortisone replacement therapy is not well defined. This study aimed to assess interindividual variability in cortisol pharmacokinetics and investigate whether measurement of salivary provides a useful alternative plasma concentration measurements.Intravenous (IV) oral crossover.Twenty-seven patients with primary or secondary adrenal insufficiency who had been on stable at least 3 months.Plasma concentrations were measured up 8 h following administration...
This study compared the abilities of three Bayesian algorithms-simple multiple model (SMM) using a single creatinine measurement; richer data (RMM) all measurements; and sequential interacting (IMM)-to describe gentamicin vancomycin concentration-time from patients within cardiothoracic surgery unit who had variable renal function. All algorithms start with sets discrete parameter support points obtained nonparametric population modeling. The SMM RMM then estimate their posterior...