The meteoric rise of perovskite single‐junction solar cells has been accompanied by similar stunning developments in tandem cells. Debuting with efficiencies less than 14% 2014, silicon–perovskite are now above 25% and will soon surpass record silicon efficiencies. Unconstrained the Shockley–Quiesser limit, tandems suggest a real possibility true third‐generation thin‐film photovoltaics; monolithic all‐perovskite have reached 18% efficiency likely pass within next 5 years. Inorganic–organic...

Tandem solar cells based on crystalline silicon present a practical route toward low-cost with efficiencies above 30%. Here, we evaluate dual-junction tandem configuration consisting of high-efficiency c-Si bottom cell and thin-film top materials. We show that the minimum efficiency required to reach 30% ranges from 22% for bandgap 1.5 eV 14% 2 eV. investigate these limits using simple model four-terminal identify material requirements in terms optical absorption, electronic bandgap, carrier...

The rapid advancement of thin-film photovoltaic (PV) technology increases the real possibility large-area Si-based tandems reaching 30% efficiency, although light in these devices must be managed carefully. We identify optical requirements to reach high efficiencies. Strict conditions are placed on material parasitic absorption and transmission contacts: Absorption 20% sub-bandgap leads required top-cell efficiencies 18% at a bandgap 1.5 eV break even 23% tandem 30%. Perovskite-silicon cells...

Perovskite-on-silicon tandem solar cells show potential to reach > 30% conversion efficiency, but require careful optical control.We introduce here an effective light-management scheme based on the established pyramidal texturing of crystalline silicon cells.Calculations that conformal deposition a thin film perovskite cell directly onto textured front surface high efficiency can yield reflection losses as low 0.52 mA/cm 2 .Combining this with wavelength-selective intermediate reflector...

A tandem configuration of perovskite and silicon solar cells is a promising way to achieve high-efficiency energy conversion at low cost. Four-terminal tandems, in which each cell connected independently, avoid the need for current matching between top bottom cells, giving greater design flexibility. In four-terminal tandem, requires two transparent contacts. Through detailed analysis electrical optical power losses, we identify optimum contact parameters outline directions development...

Hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites are low-cost solution-processable solar cell materials with photovoltaic properties that rival those of crystalline silicon. The perovskite films typically sandwiched between thin layers hole and electron transport materials, which efficiently extract photogenerated charges. This affords high-energy conversion efficiencies but results in significant performance fabrication challenges. Herein we present a simple charge layer-free (PSC), comprising...

Localized plasmon resonances of spherical nanovoid arrays strongly enhance solar cell performance by a factor 3.5 in external quantum efficiency at plasmonic resonances, and four-fold enhancement overall power conversion efficiency. Large area substrates silver nanovoids are electrochemically templated through self-assembled colloidal spheres organic cells fabricated on top. Our design represents new class photovoltaic enhancement: that localized plasmon-enhanced absorption within...

Organic (P3HT/PCBM) solar cells are coated with ZnO nanowires as antireflection coatings and show up to 36% enhancement in efficiency. The improvement is ascribed an effective refractive index which results Fabry–Perot absorption bands match the polymer band-gap. effect particularly pronounced at high light incidence angles. Simultaneously, coating used a UV-barrier, demonstrating 50% reduction rate of degradation polymers under accelerated lifetime testing. also allows surface cell...

Back-contact architectures for perovskite solar cells eliminate parasitic-absorption losses caused by the electrode and charge collection layers but increase surface reflection due to high refractive index mismatch at air/perovskite interface. To mitigate this, a ∼85 nm thick layer of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), with between those air perovskite, has been applied as an antireflective coating. Transfer matrix modelling is used determine ideal PMMA thickness, UV-Vis spectroscopy...

We systematically explore the performance of ultrathin amorphous silicon solar cells integrated on plasmonic substrates several different morphologies. Angle-resolved reflectance, external quantum efficiency measurements, and finite-difference time-domain simulations highlight importance spacer layer in determining mode profiles to which light can couple. Coupling mechanisms are found strongly differ between periodic silver nanovoid arrays randomly textured substrates. Tailoring thickness...

We demonstrate that by combining silver nanoparticles and structured gold SSV surfaces the SERS for those molecules bridge nanoparticle–cavity gap is preferentially enhanced using 4-mercaptoaniline 4-mercaptobenzoic acid as examples.

We combine the principles of moth-eye antireflection, Bragg scattering, and thin-film interference to design fabricate a short-wavelength scattering/long-pass filter with sharp cutoff, high transmission infrared light, strong reflection visible light into angles. Based on lamellae-edge features Morpho didius butterfly wings, nanostructures are self-assembled via sequential one-chamber chemical vapor deposition, metal nanoparticle formation, wet-chemical etching. Finite-element modeling...

Imprinted silver nanovoid arrays are investigated via angle-resolved reflectometry to demonstrate their suitability for plasmonic light trapping.Both wavelength-and sub wavelength-scale nanovoids imprinted into standard solar cell architectures achieve nanostructured metallic electrodes which provide enhanced absorption improving performance.The technique is versatile, low-cost and scalable can be applied a wide range of organic semiconductors.Absorption features independent incident...

We demonstrate metamaterials operating in the near-visible regime based on two-dimensional arrays of gold-coated silicon nanopillars. The nanopillar a cutoff response at metamaterial plasma frequency accordance with theory and can be utilized for filtering applications. A near visible region λ = 1 μm is calculated numerically an array lattice constant 300 nm wire radius 50 nm, reflection measurements agreement numerical calculations. Such structures achieving negative-index spectrum.

Mie scattering centers comprised of high-refractive-index Cu2O are prepared using a rapid one-step electrodeposition procedure. The deposition cubic nanoparticles is facilitated by high-pH precursor solution, which allows for low nucleation density and large grain size. resonant frequency peak width easily tuned across the visible spectrum controlling pH electrochemical solution duration rate deposition.

As the proportion of variable inverter-based renewable energy generation in electricity systems increases from a minority to majority total supply, complexity and cost providing ancillary system services parallel. Australia is experiencing this shift now - having third most carbon-intensive sector world 2010, penetrations (VRE) regularly reaching 100 percent some regions, with world-leading uptake distributed resources (DER). This paper presents pioneering work exploring new technical,...

We develop a method for interpolating the optical properties of silicon nitride formed with different deposition parameters. Published refractive index measurements eight films by in-line microwave plasma-enhanced chemical-vapour range ammonia to silane gas-flow ratios are modelled and interpolated. The fitted physical model nitride. considers 16 silicon-centred, silicon, nitrogen, hydrogen tetrahedron bond configurations in an effective medium vacuum. An average root mean squared error...

The authors describe a method for graded thin-film deposition requiring single step that exploits the noninstantaneous replacement of reactant gases. They deposit silicon-nitride films by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Channeling Rutherford backscattering measurements find N:Si ratio increases sixfold from c-Si surface to air interfaces. refractive index at crystalline silicon/film interface was 2.96 reducing monotonically 1.95 surface. achieve improved optics and passivation...

Localized plasmons in silver nanovoids enhance organic solar cell efficiencies experimentally by a factor of four and similarly a-Si cells, accounted for theoretical computational analysis absorption at the plasmonic interface.

Australia's world-leading penetration of distributed solar photovoltaics (PV) is now impacting power system security and as a result how customers can use export their own PV-generated energy. Several programs Australian regulatory reform for energy resources (DER) have emphasised the importance placing consumers at centre any transition, but this has occurred against haphazard backdrop proposals taxes, updated inverter standards, diminishing feed-in-tariffs. Absent from discussion coherent...

We quantify the efficiency gains for tandem-on-silicon solar cells with wavelength-selective light trapping. Extending analytical Lambertian formalism from broadband to selective trapping, we present candidate self-assembled structures that achieve necessary optical response.

We model the performance of tandem solar cells combining low-cost thin film technology with high-efficiency c-Si bottom and identify top cell material optical properties required to achieve efficiencies > 30%.