This article summarizes the presentations and recommendations of tenth annual American Geriatrics Society National Institute on Aging Bench-to-Bedside research conference, "Sensory Impairment Cognitive Decline," October 2-3, 2017, in Bethesda, Maryland. The risk impairment hearing, vision, other senses increases with age, almost 15% individuals aged 70 older have dementia. As number adults increases, sensory cognitive impairments will affect a growing proportion population. To limit its...

Several different scaling techniques, i.e., Borg category (BC) and visual analogue (VA) scales have been used to quantitate the intensity of respiratory sensations elicited during exercise, but their relationship is unclear. Six subjects with stable chronic obstructive lung disease (FEV1 = 1.2 +/- 0.1 SE L) simultaneously rated sense effort breathe both BC VA progressive, maximal exercise tests performed three five times on a cycle ergometer. The scores correlated linearly minute ventilation...

The motion sensitivity of 15 probable Alzheimer disease (AD) patients and healthy elderly adults was investigated with a correlated paradigm. AD exhibited significantly higher thresholds for detecting the direction motion. Contrast 2 cpd, 7.5 Hz counterphased stimulus related to threshold in group. There also significant relationship between an index dementia severity, Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), sensitivity. results support hypothesis proposed from neuroanatomical evidence by Hof...

Background . In this study, we tested the hypothesis that low smooth pursuit gain in schizophrenia is related to an abnormality motion perception. Methods The subjects were 19 schizophrenics treated with clozapine and controls. addition perception paradigms, sustained attention was also assessed using a continuous performance task (CPT). Results patient group, there statistically significant negative correlation between threshold ( r =−0·60, P <0·01). This relationship not secondary...

Pulsed fluoroscopy (hereafter called pulsed) at reduced acquisition rates, typically 15 acq/s (pulsed‐15), is proposed to reduce x‐ray dose in interventional procedures. However, since the human visual system (HVS) acts as a temporal low‐pass filter that interacts with such acquisitions, proper for pulsed must be obtained perception experiments. We determine low‐frame‐rate gives visualization equivalent of conventional 30 fluoroscopy, hereafter continuous. Computer‐generated phantoms are...

The authors used a correlated motion paradigm to investigate the effects of aging and gender on sensitivity. In 2 experiments with total 50 elderly young subjects, thresholds were significantly higher for women. signal, which was embedded in random motion, may have been coherent subjects much same way form is Witkin's Embedded Figures Test (EFT). Experiment 2, EFT scores obtained. A significant positive relationship between performance found within each age group. Although gender-related...

Spatial contrast sensitivity was evaluated in normal elderly adults and a group with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) three sessions over 1-year period. There evidence of reduction 1 year for static, high spatial frequencies both groups subjects. A striking difference between the subject observed their response to flickered stimuli. Although yielded good stability static year, AD patients experienced significant decline (7.5 Hz) The low contrast, temporal events is consistent reports cell...

We examined performance of healthy older and younger adults individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) Parkinson's (PD) on digit cancellation, a task putatively sensitive to cognitive impairment, but possibly affected by visual particularly in contrast sensitivity. Critical thresholds were established create custom stimulus arrays that proximally matched across individuals. Age- PD-related differences search fully accounted for the sensory deficit. Increased benefited AD patients, could not...

The present study was designed to compare the contrast sensitivity functions (CSF) obtained with Nicolet CS2000 and Vistech VCTS6500 for a sample (N = 25) of patients diagnosed probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) healthy elderly adults. With Nicolet, CSF were determined gratings presented under static rapidly counterphased (7.5 Hz) conditions. All research participants able complete test. However, 13.7 7.4% original samples Alzheimer adults, respectively, did not yield usable data. Both test...

A subgroup of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) developed Balint's syndrome, an uncommon and incompletely understood disorder visuospatial processing. We characterized the features three AD syndrome compared them to comparably demented without this syndrome. On tasks, Balint were unable integrate visual stimuli over space. contrast sensitivity testing, had significantly decreased sensitivities for low spatial frequency gratings (0.5, 1.0 2.0 cpd) alternated at 7.5 Hz. Furthermore, left...

A decline in performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution test related to aging is well documented. There no agreement reason for decline, however. In part, lack of consensus with regard changes may be attributed limitations imposed by comparing groups a single measure. present study, three forms Symbol-Digit task that varied difficulty level were administered 125 persons between ages 30 and 92. On all there was clear associated age. The differences observed among age interpreted as evidence...

Visual perceptual problems are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and often affect activities of daily living (ADLs). PD patients with non-tremor symptoms at onset (i.e., rigidity, bradykinesia, gait disturbance or postural instability) have more diffuse neurobiological abnormalities report worse non-motor functional changes than whose initial symptom is tremor, but the relation motor subtype to deficits remains unstudied. We assessed visual ADLs Activities Questionnaire 25 non-demented PD,...

Journal Article Aging and Similarity Grouping in Visual Search Get access Grover C. Gilmore, Gilmore 2Department of Psychology. Case Western Reserve UniversityCleveland. OH 44106. for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Terry R. Tobias, Tobias Fred L. Royer 3Cleveland Veterans Administration Medical Center. Gerontology, Volume 40, Issue 5, September 1985, Pages 586–592, https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/40.5.586 Published: 01 1985

Abstract The oral word reading speed of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy young older control participants was evaluated across a broad range stimulus contrast levels in two experiments. impact repetition on also examined. It found that the adult participants, particularly AD patients, were more sensitive to reductions. Each subject group able read repeated words rapidly than novel but this effect emerged only at lower levels. concluded have feature extraction speeds...

Multiple forms of a symbol-digit substitution task were used to provide componential analysis age differences in coding performance. The results demonstrated feature encoding, memory, and visual search. A 2nd experiment was conducted with young adults investigate sensory deficit as locus differences. spatial contrast sensitivity older simulated on by applying digital filter. Persons the age-simulated condition performed worse than those normal condition. stimulus degradation effect linked...

Administered three forms of a Symbol-Digit Substitution task to normals, 16 over 80 years age, schizophrenic and other hospitalized groups. Their data are presented for normative purposes. The vary in difficulty provide measure visual information processing ability, Clinical research implications the discussed.