Soil N mineralization is critical for designing appropriate management strategies, though it has been seldom studied in plastic‐mulched croplands. We evaluated plastic mulch effect on urea‐amended furrow‐ridge plots with and without maize ( Zea mays L.) planting at a semiarid rain‐fed site, China. Clear film covered all soil surfaces the mulched treatments was seeded furrows cropped treatments. Mulch increased daytime temperature 0 to 15 cm throughout season but only seedling elongation...

Vegetation ecological restoration technology is widely regarded as an environmentally sustainable and green for the remediation of mineral waste. The appropriate ratio amendments can improve substrate environment plant growth increase efficiency restoration. Herbs shrubs are preferred vegetation in abandoned mines because their rapid establishment easy management. This study probed into improvement effects on mine tailings from aspects such nutrient content. Based this, trail explored...

Four of the largest river basins in Europe – Rhine, Rhône, Po, and Danube are fed by Alpine water resources. Recent hydrological extremes, including catastrophic floods prolonged droughts, have highlighted vulnerability these to climatic variability, with significant consequences for downstream populations, economies, ecosystems. Understanding potential drivers behind changes streamflow patterns, particularly relative contributions precipitation temperature, is essential...

Inferring the statistical behaviours of future rainfall extremes is a topical issue for mitigation pluvial and flood risk. There increasing evidence that extreme short-duration intensifying, but quantification such increase still challenging issue. By banking on availability one longest daily series today available, continuously recorded in Bologna from Jan 1st, 1850, we test performances up-to-date CMIP6 climate models reproduction historical statistics assess projections XXIst century,...

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper introduces an innovative in-wheel electric drive system designed for all-wheel Formula Student Electric racing cars. The utilized AMK's DD5-14-10-POW-18600-B5 model as the driving motor, with a gearbox transmission ratio of 13.2 determined through Optimum Lap simulation. A two-stage gear reducer was integrated into unified hub-spoke assembly, which connected directly to ten-inch carbon fiber rim. In this...

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in multimodal tasks even with frozen LLM Block and only a few trainable parameters. However, the underlying mechanisms of how LLMs enhance remains unclear. In this work, we focus on phenomenon that ``Merely concatenating block to Vision Transformer (ViT) encoder can yield significant enhancements. Moreover, choice insertion position substantial impact, leading varying degrees improvement''. We analyze optimization training...

The study focused on the phytoattenuation effects of monocropping and intercropping maize (Zea mays) and/or legumes Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd in weakly alkaline soils. Nine growth stages were chosen to dynamic process extraction heavy metals. total content metals extracted by aerial part monocropped increased a sigmoidal pattern over effective accumulative temperature. biggest biomass, highest content, lowest bioaccumulation level occurred at physiological maturity. Among different planting patterns,...

Simulation-optimization methods are often used to derive operation rules for large-scale hydropower reservoir systems. The solution of the simulation-optimization models is complex and time-consuming, many interconnected variables need be optimized, objective functions computed through simulation in periods. Since global solutions seldom obtained, initial important quality. In this paper, a two-stage method proposed first stage, optimal model simplified solved using sampling stochastic...

Abstract Background Sperm motility parameters, which can be measured objectively and repeatedly by a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system, are important indicators of quality. However, the parameters assessed CASA system affected various factors, including instrument components settings, preparation or procedures. To date, no standardized protocol is available that would permit to assess kinetic characteristics in passerine birds this lack precludes any comparison swimming ability...

Accurately estimating of grassland above-ground biomass (AGB) during the wilting period is vital in dynamic monitoring vegetation survey, carbon storage research, and grazing livestock supplementation. However, previous studies on AGB have rarely involved integration ground-based situ hyperspectral data satellite images. In this study, we proposed a multisource remote sensing approach for based differential fusion satellite–ground spectral from 139 sample sites collected grassland’s...

The Chinese government recently planned to supply financial support for comprehensive prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in 30 cities nationwide, among which Baiyin city took the first place. present study aimed investigate chemical fractions mobility Cd, Pb, Cu Zn soil profile (0–60 cm depth) cornfields Dongdagou region, city, Northwest China. modified BCR (now Standards, Measurement Testing Programme European Community) method was employed analyse metals, index used assess...

Understanding the effects of pollution on reproductive performance and sexual selection is crucial for conservation biodiversity in an increasingly polluted world. The present study focused effect environmental heavy metal sexually selected traits, including morphological characteristics acoustic parameters, as well mate choice Strauchbufo raddei, anuran species widely distributed Northern China. results showed that male courtship signals, forelimb length, force, advertisement calls, have...

This paper analyzes the forecasting performance for air traffic movement by comparing different models. The relationship between economic variables and demand is analyzed tracing past several years' data. econometric models are emphasized, a long-term forecast concentrated in this study. aim to find suitable methods be applicable situation similar Singapore FIR also improve accuracy. conflicts density of estimated using results forecasting.

Abstract Whether or not biogeographic rules dealing with spatial patterns of animal body sizes are valid for ectotherms is controversial. As the grow all their lives, we explored role age and annual growth rate in size variation Phrynocephalus przewalskii northern China. Morphological data were collected from 11 populations across a broad geographic gradient. Correlations between age, sex, climatic factors, analyzed using generalized linear model (GLM) mixed (GLMM). GLM analysis indicated...

This paper aims to assess driver behaviors at signalized intersections with four identified pedestrian features ("Stop Here on Red," "No Turn "Turning Vehicles Yield Pedestrians," and "Right Red Arrow after Stop") via a pilot study by using an innovative safety data: Strategic Highway Research Program 2 (SHRP2) Naturalistic Driving Study (NDS) data. The major findings from the include: (1) Red" has highest rate of compliance (70%), followed Stop" (67%), Pedestrians" "Stop (55%); (2) compared...