A5079617686- Cellular transport and secretion
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Biotin and Related Studies
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Renal and related cancers
- Spinal Cord Injury Research
University of Milan
2005-2018
Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems
2015
Neuroscience Institute
2004-2013
National Research Council
1996-2013
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University
2005-2010
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics
2009
Uppsala University
2009
Center for Human Genetics
2009
San Raffaele University of Rome
2007
IFOM
2005
ATP is released from astrocytes and involved in the propagation of calcium waves among them. Neuronal secretion quantal calcium-dependent, but it has been suggested that release may not be vesicular. Here we report that, besides described basal facilitated by exposure to calcium-free medium, purine under conditions elevated calcium. The evoked was affected gap-junction blockers anandamide flufenamic acid, thus excluding efflux through connexin hemichannels. Sucrose-gradient analysis revealed...
We report on the biochemical and immunological properties as well cellular subcellular distribution of two proteins, called secretogranins I II. These proteins specifically occur in a wide variety endocrine neuronal cells that package sort regulatory peptides into secretory granules. Both take same intracellular route are also sorted Secretogranins II biochemically immunologically distinct differ from chromogranin A. Yet, these three similar to each other many respects therefore constitute...
Abstract Secretogranin II (previously also called chromogranin C) is a tyrosine-sulfated secretory protein found in granules wide variety of endocrine cells and neurons. Here, we have determined the primary structure human secretogranin from full length cDNA clone investigated its properties, predicted sequence, by studying behavior purified under conditions characteristic milieu granules. Analysis 2.35-kilobase isolated pituitary library identified as various criteria showed that...
Deciphering the mechanisms regulating generation of new neurons and oligodendrocytes, myelinating cells central nervous system, is paramount importance to address strategies replace endogenous damaged in adult brain foster repair neurodegenerative diseases. Upon injury, extracellular concentrations nucleotides cysteinyl-leukotrienes (cysLTs), two families signaling molecules, are markedly increased at site damage, suggesting that they may act as “danger signals” alert responses tissue damage...
Cholesterol and sphingolipids are abundant in neuronal membranes, where they help the organisation of membrane microdomains involved major roles such as axonal dendritic growth, synapse spine stability. The aim this study was to analyse their presynaptic physiology. We first confirmed presence proteins exocytic machinery (SNARES Ca(v)2.1 channels) lipid cultured neurons, then incubated neurons with fumonisin B (an inhibitor sphingolipid synthesis), or mevastatin zaragozic acid (two compounds...
The developing and mature central nervous system contains neural precursor cells expressing the proteoglycan NG2. Some of these continuously differentiate to myelin-forming oligodendrocytes; knowledge destiny NG2+ precursors would benefit from characterization new key functional players. In this respect, G protein-coupled membrane receptor GPR17 has recently emerged as a timer oligodendrogliogenesis. Here, we used purified oligodendrocyte (OPCs) fully define immunophenotype GPR17-expressing...
Tumor microenvironment is fundamental for cancer progression and chemoresistance. Among stromal cells tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent the largest population of infiltrating inflammatory in malignant tumors, promoting their growth, invasion immune evasion. M2-polarized TAMs are endowed with NO generating enzyme iNOS. has divergent effects on since it can either stimulate tumor growth or promote death depending source it; likewise role iNOS differs cell type. The generated by TAM...
Glial cells have been reported to express molecules originally discovered in neuronal and neuroendocrine cells, such as neuropeptides, neuropeptide processing enzymes, ionic channels. To verify whether astrocytes may regulated secretory vesicles, the primary cultures prepared from hippocampi of embryonic neonatal rats were used investigate subcellular localization pathway followed by secretogranin II, a well known marker for dense-core granules. By indirect immunofluorescence, SgII was...
Lipid microdomains can selectively include or exclude proteins and may be important in a variety of functions such as protein sorting, cell signaling, synaptic transmission. The present study demonstrates that two different voltage-gated calcium channels, which both interact with soluble N-ethyl-maleimide-sensitive fusion attachment receptor (SNARE) but have distinct subcellular distributions roles transmission, are differently distributed lipid microdomains; presynaptic P/Q (Cav2.1) not Lc...
The SNARE-dependent exocytosis of glutamate-containing vesicles in astrocytes is increasingly viewed as an important signal at the basis astrocyte-to-neurone communication system brain. Here we provide further insights into molecular features and dynamics cultured astrocytes. We found that immunoisolated synaptobrevin2 are clear quite heterogenous size contain vesicular glutamate transporter v-Glut-2. Moreover, they immunopositive for synaptotagmin IV, AMPA receptor subunits GluR2,3 and, to...
Upon central nervous system injury, the extracellular concentrations of nucleotides and cysteinyl-leukotrienes, two unrelated families endogenous signalling molecules, are markedly increased at site damage, suggesting that they may act as 'danger signals' to alert responses tissue damage start repair. Here we show that, in non-injured spinal cord parenchyma, GPR17, a P2Y-like receptor responding both uracil (e.g. UDP-glucose) cysteinyl-leukotrienes LTD4 LTC4), is present on subset neurons...
We have investigated the sorting and packaging of secretory proteins into granules by an immunological approach. An mAb against secretogranin I (chromogranin B), a protein costored with various peptide hormones neuropeptides in many endocrine cells neurons, was expressed microinjection its mRNA I-producing cell line PC12. G vesicular stomatitis virus--i.e., antigen not present PC12 cells--was as control. The intracellular localization secretion antibodies studied double-labeling...
Abstract NG2‐expressing cells comprise a population of cycling precursors that can exit the cell cycle and differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes. As whole, they display heterogeneous properties behaviors remain unresolved at molecular level, although partly interpretable as distinct maturation stages. To address this issue, we analyzed expression GPR17 receptor, recently shown to decorate operate an early sensor brain damage, in immature adult oligodendrocyte progenitors intact after...
The anterior pituitary is a complex secretory tissue known to contain several sulfated macromolecules. In the present study, we identified major tyrosine-sulfated protein of bovine and investigated its cellular subcellular localization. This consisted two polypeptides molecular weight 86,000 84,000 that were highly homologous each other. agreement with previous biochemical studies, Mr 86,000/84,000 was found be secretory, as it observed in matrix granules by immunoelectron microscopy....
The interaction of Prep1 and Pbx homeodomain transcription factors regulates their activity, nuclear localization, likely, function in development. To understand the vivo role Prep1, we have analyzed an embryonic lethal hypomorphic mutant mouse (Prep1i/i). Prep1i/i embryos die at day 17.5 (E17.5) to birth with overall organ hypoplasia, severe anemia, impaired angiogenesis, eye anomalies, particularly lens retina. anemia correlates delayed differentiation erythroid progenitors may be, least...
Chromogranin B and secretogranin II, two members of the granin family, are known to be post-translationally modified by addition O-linked carbohydrates serine and/or threonine, phosphate sulfate carbohydrate tyrosine residues. In present study, chromogranin II were used as model proteins investigate in which subcompartment Golgi complex secretory become phosphorylated. Monensin, a drug block transport from medial trans cisternae stack, inhibited phosphorylation granins, indicating that this...
Granins are major constituents of dense-core secretory granules in neuroendocrine cells, but their function is still a matter debate. Work cell lines has suggested that the most abundant and ubiquitously expressed granins, chromogranin A B (CgA CgB), involved granulogenesis protein sorting. Here we report generation characterization mice lacking (CgB-ko), which were viable fertile. Unlike tissues, pancreatic islets these animals lacked compensatory changes other granins therefore analyzed...