A5002344741- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Marine and fisheries research
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Marine Sponges and Natural Products
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Marine animal studies overview
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Coastal and Marine Management
Texas A&M University
2017-2022
Mitchell Institute
2020
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2013-2017
Seattle University
2012
NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
2011
University of Washington
2011
Abstract Anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions are acidifying the oceans, reducing concentration of carbonate ions ([CO 3 2− ]) that calcifying organisms need to build and cement coral reefs. To date, studies a handful naturally acidified reef systems reveal depauperate communities, sometimes with reduced cover calcification rates, consistent results laboratory‐based studies. Here we report existence highly diverse, coral‐dominated communities under chronically low pH aragonite saturation...
Research Article| January 01, 2015 Coral macrobioerosion is accelerated by ocean acidification and nutrients Thomas M. DeCarlo; DeCarlo * 1Massachusetts Institute of Technology–Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Physics Engineering, Department Geology Geophysics, Woods Institution, Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA *E-mails: tdecarlo@whoi.edu; acohen@whoi.edu. Search for other works this author on: GSW Google Scholar Anne L. Cohen; Cohen 2Woods 266...
Ocean acidification threatens the survival of coral reef ecosystems worldwide. The negative effects ocean observed in many laboratory experiments have been seen studies naturally low-pH reefs, with little evidence to date for adaptation. Recently, we reported initial data suggesting that communities Palau Rock Islands appear healthy despite extreme conditions which they live. Here, build on observation a comprehensive statistical analysis benthic across Palau's natural gradient. Our revealed...
Abstract Coral reefs are built of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) produced biogenically by a diversity calcifying plants, animals, and microbes. As the ocean warms acidifies, there is mounting concern that declining calcification rates could shift coral reef CaCO budgets from net accretion to dissolution. We quantified ecosystem (NEC) production (NEP) on Dongsha Atoll, northern South China Sea, over 2 week period included transient bleaching event. Peak daytime pH wide, shallow flat during...
Abstract A substantial body of research now exists demonstrating sensitivities marine organisms to ocean acidification (OA) in laboratory settings. However, corresponding situ observations species or ecosystem changes that can be unequivocally attributed anthropogenic OA are limited. Challenges remain detecting and attributing effects nature, part because multiple environmental co-occurring with OA, all which have the potential influence responses. Furthermore, change pH since industrial...
Deep-sea scleractinian coral reefs are protected ecologically and biologically significant areas that support global fisheries. The absence of observations deep-sea in the Central Northeast Pacific, combined with shallow aragonite saturation horizon (ASH) high carbonate dissolution rates there, fueled hypothesis reef formation North Pacific was improbable. Despite this, we report discovery live on six seamounts Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Emperor Seamount Chain at depths 535-732 m state...
Ocean acidification (OA) has resulted in global-scale changes ocean chemistry, which can disturb marine organisms and ecosystems. Despite its extensively populated coastline, many marine-dependent communities, valuable economies, the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) remains a relatively understudied region with respect to acidification. In general, warm waters GOM are better buffered from compared higher latitude seas, yet long-term been documented several regions. OA within is recognized as spatially...
Abstract Laboratory‐based CO 2 experiments and studies of naturally low pH coral reef ecosystems reveal negative impacts ocean acidification on the calcifying communities that build reefs. Conversely, in Palau's lagoons, cover is high, are diverse, calcification rates two reef‐building corals exhibit no apparent sensitivity to strong natural gradient aragonite saturation state (Ω ar ). We developed methods quantify Net Ecosystem Calcification (NEC), ecosystem‐level balance between...
Abstract Approximately 380,000 underway measurements of sea surface salinity, temperature, and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in the Gulf Mexico (GoM) were compiled from Surface Ocean CO Atlas (SOCAT) to provide a comprehensive observational analysis spatiotemporal dynamics 1996 2017. An empirical orthogonal function (EOF) was used derive main drivers spatial temporal variability dataset. In open coastal waters, identified as biological component linked riverine water, temperature seasonality....
Terrestrial runoff can negatively impact marine ecosystems through stressors including excess nutrients, freshwater, sediments, and contaminants. Severe storms, which are increasing with global climate change, generate massive inputs of over short timescales (hours to days); such impacted offshore reefs in the northwest Gulf Mexico (NW GoM) following severe storms 2016 2017. Several weeks after coastal flooding from these events, NW GoM reef corals, sponges, other benthic invertebrates ∼185...
About 190 km south of the Texas–Louisiana border, East and West Flower Garden Banks (FGB) have maintained >50% coral cover with infrequent minor incidents disease or bleaching since monitoring began in 1970s. However, a mortality event, affecting 5.6 ha (2.6% area) FGB, occurred late July 2016 coincided storm-generated freshwater runoff extending offshore over reef system. To capture immediate effects storm-driven on symbiont physiology, we leveraged heavy rainfall associated Hurricane...
Abstract Intense rainfall from tropical cyclones has the potential to induce coastal acidification, which will become more common and severe as climate change continues. We collected carbonate chemistry samples Galveston Bay, Texas before after Hurricane Harvey in 2017 2018. Here, we show ecosystem level acidification calcium undersaturation Bay following storm. This event, driven by extreme Harvey, persisted for over 3 weeks because of prolonged flood mitigation reservoir releases that...
Abstract Coral reef calcification is expected to decline due climate change stressors such as ocean acidification and warming. Projections of future coral health are based on our understanding the environmental drivers that affect dissolution. One driver may impact heterotrophy oceanic‐sourced particulate organic matter, but its link has not been directly investigated in field. In this study, we estimated net ecosystem oceanic carbon (POC oc ) uptake across Kāne'ohe Bay barrier Hawai'i. We...
In July 2016, a severe coral reef invertebrate mortality event occurred approximately 200 km southeast of Galveston, Texas, at the East Flower Garden Bank, wherein ∼82% corals in 0.06-km2 area died. Based on surveys dead and other invertebrates shortly after this event, responders hypothesized that localized hypoxia was most likely direct cause. However, no dissolved oxygen data were available to test hypothesis, because is not continuously monitored within Banks sanctuary. Here, we quantify...
ABSTRACT Terrestrial runoff can negatively impact marine ecosystems through stressors including excess nutrients, freshwater, sediments, and contaminants. Severe storms, which are increasing with global climate change, generate massive inputs of over short timescales (hours to days); such impacted offshore reefs in the northwest Gulf Mexico (NW GoM) following severe storms 2016 2017. Several weeks after coastal flooding from these events, NW GoM reef corals, sponges, other benthic...
Abstract Net ecosystem calcification ( NEC ) rates of Palau's largest lagoon and barrier reef system between 1992 2015 are estimated from sparse total alkalinity TA salinity measurements a tidal exchange model in which surface water transported offshore on the ebb tide is replaced by saltier (denser) ocean that sinks to bottom after entering flood tide. Observed salinities accurately reproduced with no adjustable parameters. To reproduce observed , for lagoon‐barrier was 70 mmols m −2 day −1...