A5004500694- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Marine and fisheries research
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Marine animal studies overview
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Climate variability and models
- Cephalopods and Marine Biology
- Marine and environmental studies
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2018-2024
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2018-2021
Significance Ocean acidification (OA) threatens coral reef futures by reducing the concentration of carbonate ions that corals need to construct their skeletons. However, quantitative predictions under OA are confounded mixed responses in experiments and field observations. We modeled skeletal growth a dominant reef-building coral, Porites , as function seawater chemistry validated model against observational data. show directly negatively affects one component two-step process (density) but...
The oceans are warming and coral reefs bleaching with increased frequency severity, fueling concerns for their survival through this century. Yet in the central equatorial Pacific, some of world's most productive regularly experience extreme heat associated El Niño. Here we use skeletal signatures preserved long-lived corals on Jarvis Island to evaluate community response multiple successive heatwaves since 1960. By tracking stress band formation 2015-16 Nino, which killed 95% corals,...
Abstract A substantial body of research now exists demonstrating sensitivities marine organisms to ocean acidification (OA) in laboratory settings. However, corresponding situ observations species or ecosystem changes that can be unequivocally attributed anthropogenic OA are limited. Challenges remain detecting and attributing effects nature, part because multiple environmental co-occurring with OA, all which have the potential influence responses. Furthermore, change pH since industrial...
Abstract Ocean acidification (OA) reduces the concentration of seawater carbonate ions that stony corals need to produce their calcium skeletons and is considered a significant threat functional integrity coral reef ecosystems. However, detection attribution OA impact on in nature are confounded by concurrent environmental changes, including ocean warming. Here we use numerical model isolate effects temperature show alone has caused 13 ± 3% decline skeletal density massive Porites Great...
Abstract The Holocene is considered a period of relative climatic stability, but significant proxy data‐model discrepancies exist that preclude consensus regarding the postglacial global temperature trajectory. In particular, mid‐Holocene Climatic Optimum, ~9,000 to ~5,000 years BP, evident in Northern Hemisphere marine sediment records, its absence from model simulations raises key questions about ability models accurately simulate climate and seasonal biases may be present records. Here we...
Abstract Understanding climate change at the spatiotemporal scales necessary to improve projections requires proxy records that complement sparse and often contradictory observational temperature data sets. Massive long‐lived corals have tremendous potential in this regard, continuously recording information about ocean conditions as they grow. Nevertheless, extracting accurate temperatures from is challenging because factors other than influence skeletal chemistry. Here, we tested ability...
Abstract Sr‐U, a coral‐based paleothermometer, corrects for the effects of Rayleigh Fractionation on Sr/Ca by regressing multiple, paired U/Ca and values. Prior applications Sr‐U captured mean annual sea surface temperatures (SSTs), inter‐annual variability, long‐term trends. However, because many Sr/Ca‐U/Ca pairs are needed single value as originally formulated, temporal resolution proxy is typically limited to 1 year. Here, we address this limitation applying laser ablation inductively...