Objective: Monitoring athlete internal workload exposure, including prevention of catastrophic non-contact knee injuries, relies on the existence a custom early-warning detection system. This system must be able to estimate accurate, reliable, and valid musculoskeletal joint loads, for sporting maneuvers in near real-time during match play. However, current methods are constrained laboratory instrumentation, labor cost intensive, require highly trained specialist knowledge, thereby limiting...

The benefits of differentiating between the physiological and biomechanical load-response pathways in football other (team) sports have become increasingly recognised. In contrast to loads however, demands training competition are still not well understood, primarily due difficulty quantifying a field environment. Although musculoskeletal adaptation injury known occur at tissue level, several load metrics available that quantify experienced by body as whole, its different structures...

Low-cost and field-viable methods that can simultaneously assess external kinetics kinematics are necessary to enhance field-based biomechanical monitoring. The aim of this study was determine the accuracy usability ground reaction force (GRF) profiles estimated from segmental kinematics, measured with OpenCap (a low-cost markerless motion-capture system), during common jumping movements. Full-body were recorded for fifteen recreational athletes performing countermovement, squat, bilateral...

The aim of this study was to establish alterations in vertical and lower-limb joint stiffness following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). 127 male patients 8-10 months post-ACLR 45 non-injured controls performed unilateral bilateral drop jumps, cutting, while ground reaction forces (GRFs) 3D kinematics were recorded. Stiffness changes GRF lower ACLR during jumps compared controls. also displayed knee the (d=-0.91, p < 0.001 d = 0.53, 0.001, respectively) cutting (d=-0.85,...

Running impact forces expose the body to biomechanical loads leading beneficial adaptations, but also risk of injury. High-intensity running tasks, especially, are deemed highly demanding for musculoskeletal system, experienced during these actions not well understood. To eventually predict GRF and understand such activities in greater detail, this study aimed (1) examine feasibility using a simple two mass-spring-damper model, based on eight model parameters, reproduce ground reaction...

Background Monitoring the external ground reaction forces (GRF) acting on human body during running could help to understand how loads influence tissue adaptation over time. Although mass-spring-damper (MSD) models have potential simulate complex multi-segmental mechanics of and predict GRF, these currently require input from measured GRF limiting their application in field settings. Based hypothesis that acceleration MSD-model’s upper mass primarily represents trunk segment, this paper...

ABSTRACT Introduction Athletes returning to sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) demonstrate prolonged changes in landing kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activation, predisposing them for reinjury, knee osteoarthritis, and/or instability. So far, researchers have been focusing on how kinematics kinetics change every joint separately. However, as the human body operates within a kinetic chain, we will assess whether single-joint are associated with whole-body changes....

It remains to be determined whether running training influences the amplitude of lower limb muscle activations before and during first half stance such changes are associated with joint stiffness regulation usage stored energy from tendons. Therefore, aim this study was investigate neuromuscular movement adaptations landing in response across a range speeds. Two groups high mileage (HM; &gt;45 km/wk, n = 13) low (LM; &lt;15 runners ran at four speeds (2.5–5.5 m/s) while mechanics...

We propose a simple and practical approach for incorporating the effects of muscle inertia, which has been ignored by previous musculoskeletal simulators in both graphics biomechanics. approximate inertia assuming that mass is distributed along centerline muscle. express motion musculotendons terms skeletal joints using chain Jacobians, so at top level, only reduced degrees freedom skeleton are used to completely drive bones musculotendons. Our can handle all commonly musculotendon path...

<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Objective:</i> Tracking skeletal muscle architecture using B-mode ultrasound is a widely used method in the field of human movement science and biomechanics. Sequential methods based on optical flow algorithms allow for smooth coherent tracking but are known to drift over time. Non-sequential feature detection other hand, do not suffer from drift, limited only lower-dimensional features. They...

Given the high rates of both primary and secondary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in multidirectional field sports, there is a need to develop easily accessible methods for practitioners monitor ACL injury risk. Field-based assess knee variables associated with are particular interest monitoring risk applied sports settings. Knee or proxy measures derived from wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) may thus provide powerful tool efficient management. Therefore, aim this study...

The benefits of differentiating between the physiological and biomechanical load-response pathways in football other (team) sports have become increasingly recognised. In contrast to loads however, demands training competition are still not well understood, primarily due difficulty quantifying a field environment. Although musculoskeletal adaptation injury known occur at tissue level, several load metrics available that quantify experienced by body as whole, its different structures...

Despite undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, athletes continue to present altered ground reaction force (GRF) and knee angular velocities (AV) for 6-24 months as they return highly demanding tasks such rapid decelerations (Schmitt et al., 2015, Med Sci Sports Ex, 47, 1426). In-field identification of GRF AV during deceleration is challenging due the laboratory restrictions platforms 3D motion capture. Therefore, use inertial measurement units (IMU) has been suggested...

Horizontal decelerations are frequently performed during team sports and closely linked to performance injury. This study aims provide a comprehensive description of the kinetic demands at whole-body, structural, tissue-specific levels musculoskeletal system. Team-sports athletes maximal-effort horizontal whilst full-body kinematics ground reaction forces (GRFs) were recorded. A model was used determine whole-body (GRFs), structural (ankle, knee, hip joint moments contact forces), tissue...

Changes in surface hardness are likely to alter an athlete's movement strategy. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk assessments that performed on a different used for training and competition may, therefore, not represent on-field strategies. The aim of this study was examine the influence multidirectional field sport athletes' strategies movements commonly ACL (bilateral unilateral drop jumps, cutting manoeuvre). Ground reaction forcesand three-dimensional lower limb kinematics...

The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate whether ground reaction forces (GRFs) can be estimated from segmental accelerations, provide further insight in the feasibility using body-worn accelerometers monitor whole-body biomechanical loading during running-based (team-) sports. Although physiological demands training have been investigated extensively, loads and consequent responses are still poorly quantified and, therefore, not well understood.1 GRF is a well-established measure...

Abstract Tracking skeletal muscle architecture using B-mode ultra-sound is a widely used method in the field of human movement science and biomechanics. Sequential methods based on optical flow algorithms allow for smooth coherent tracking but are known to drift over time. Non-sequential feature detection other hand, do not suffer from drift, limited only lower-dimensional features. They also be sensitive image noise, therefore often result highly irregular patterns. Building complimentary...

Skeletal muscles have inertia that leads to inertial forces acting around joints. Although these muscle contribute joint kinetics, they are not typically accounted for in musculoskeletal models used human movement biomechanics research. Ignoring can lead errors but how large inverse dynamics calculations of common movements is yet unclear. We, therefore, examined the role shank on ankle moments during swing phase running at different speeds. A custom modelling and simulation platform was...