Abstract Click chemistry has attracted tremendous attention in polymer synthesis due to its high efficiency, considerable yield, and simple synthesis/work‐up procedures. Among the various functional materials prepared by click chemistry, anion exchange membrane (AEM) is a kind of polyelectrolyte which contains cations attached skeleton. not only provides facile pathways for preparation AEMs but also generates diverse architectures with robust performance. The commonly used consists of: (i)...

Metallo-polyelectrolytes have been demonstrated to be promising candidates for anion exchange membranes (AEMs) due their excellent alkaline stability. Here, cobaltocenium-containing metallo-polyelectrolyte-based AEMs with good chemical stability and dimensional were prepared through facile acetalation of a commodity polymer, poly(vinyl alcohol). The AEM crosslinked 1 wt % glutaraldehyde (GA) exhibits comparable hydroxide conductivity 72 mS/cm at 80 °C enhanced in M NaOH (maintained 86.3%...

In this paper, we consider the solution of standard linear programming (LP).A remarkable result in LP claims that all optimal solutions form an face underlying polyhedron.In practice, many real-world problems have infinitely and pursuing face, not just vertex, is quite desirable.The algorithm proposed by Pan [19] targets at iterating from to along orthogonal projection negative objective gradient onto a relevant null space.The exhibits favorable numerical performance comparing simplex...

This feature article summarizes the preparation and applications of borane cluster-containing polymers covers research progress future trends linear, dendritic, macrocyclic metal–organic frameworks.

Robust alkali-resistant cobaltocenium-containing poly(carbazole) are prepard via the combination of superacid-catalyzed polyhydroxyalkylation and CuAAC-based post-polymerization modification. The prepared AEMs show hydroxide conductivity upto 127.2 mS cm−1 at 80 °C...

In a multi-energy collaboration system, cooling, heating, electricity, and other energy components are coupled to complement each other. Through coordination cooperation, they can significantly improve their individual operating efficiency overall economic benefits. Demand response, as supply demand balance method, further system flexibility economy. Therefore, cooperative optimization model has been proposed, which is driven by price-based response determine the impact of power-demand on...

Three new anion exchange membranes (AEMs) (P1, P2, P3) with varied numbers (1, 2, 3) of cobaltocenium substituents were synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The living characteristic ROMP endows the resulting AEMs tunable ionic concentration and precise structure control, which provide an ideal model to investigate influence substituent on ion-conducting property AEMs. According Mohr titration alternating-current impedance method, as-prepared demonstrated obvious...

In this paper, we present a hybrid optimisation algorithm with artificial bee colony (ABC) and particle swarm (PSO). Due to the fast convergent speed, PSO is main methodology of algorithm, as well ABC used optimise parameters. To investigate performance, it applied solve travelling salesman problem. Simulation results show effective.

view Abstract Citations (38) References (19) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Coronal Magnetic Fields Produced by Photospheric Shear Klimchuk, J. A. ; Sturrock, P. Yang, W. -H. The magnetofrictional method for computing force-free fields is used to examine the evolution of magnetic field a line dipole, when there relative shearing motion between two polarities. It found that energy sheared can be arbitrarily large compared with potential field....

In order to study the characteristics of electrothermal plasma interaction with energetic materials, especially ignition ability, a novel model considering polyethylene and copper ablation is developed, an experiment system set up. The parameters surface conditions materials are measured in testing. results show first peak pressure be ~2.2 MPa, second ~3.9 visible flame velocity ~2000 m s−1. Circular pits microns nanometers size observed on materials. Further, plasma, including static...

Abstract Background The morphogenesis of the shell field is an essential step molluscan formation, which exhibits both conserved features and interlineage variations. As one major gastropod lineage, patellogastropods show different characters in its compared to other gastropods (e.g., pulmonate Lymnaea stagnalis ), likely related epibolic gastrulation. investigation on would be useful reveal lineage-specific process explore deep conservation among lineages. Results We investigated early...

The breakdown characteristics of a trigatron spark gap triggered by plasma jet are studied in this paper; the development and influence distance, working coefficient, ejection properties on compared. results show that ejecting process can be divided into expanding, steady, dissipating phases. electric field distortion induced is different during expanding phase, which length increases radius curvature front decreases, respectively. As two processes have variation rates, faster increasing...

The effects of the plasma current modulation on linear instability tearing mode are numerically investigated. It is found that can be stabilized if frequency suitable and oscillation amplitude resonant surface position large enough. power needed for lower-hybrid-current-drive to stabilize by oscillating comparable consumption conventional method stabilization using electron-cyclotron-current-drive.

With the high-speed economic development in China, transition of structural function urban land system highly effects electric load. Forecasting load accurately is foundation decision making scientifically for and planning power grid China. This paper improves method Transition Matrices Land Use Cover Change though integrating Cellular Automation with Markov Model firstly. Then, combined cellular automation model used to simulate evolvement forecast functions future as start point...

Capillary discharge plasmas have been widely used in many fields. This paper investigates the influence of different explosion wire materials on radiative heat flux and spectral characteristics. Three kinds (aluminum, copper nickel) with 0.3 mm diameter were as initiation wires to produce an electrothermal plasma, a capacitor charging voltage 3 kV. A thin-film calorimeter high response speed was for measurement flux. At same time, analysis performed using spatially resolved spectrometer...

Reliability is a direct evaluation index of the power supply capacity and service level. With improvement grid infrastructure, focus planning design has changed to advancement reliability management. The average Beijing in 2018 99.993% compared 99.9999% Singapore. At present, faced with series international high-standard events such as winter Olympics 2022, how make efficient use investment improve distribution network difficult problem. For effective high-reliability urban network, an...

The partition of the distribution network planning is an essential issue in urban planning. coordination problem with city ignored traditional partition. Based on study influence morphological characteristics planning, this paper puts forward optimal weighted Voronoi diagram method for considering coordinated benefit and model regional comprehensive city. This divides into blocks according to natural factors such as roads rivers, takes substation generators, taking account including...

This paper presents experimental results on a trigatron spark gap breakdown process induced by different densities of the injected plasma. The show that shape plasma has great influence electric field distribution. decrease in curvature radius front can induce during dissipation is significant explaining sharp increase delay and jitter observed under very low working coefficients. inception propagation streamer are studied detail. Due to high intensity illumination, direct ionization between...