A5001184211- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Climate change impacts on agriculture
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
- Irrigation Practices and Water Management
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Climate variability and models
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
- Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Analysis
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment
2015-2024
Agricultural Research Service
2014-2024
United States Department of Agriculture
2004-2024
Iowa State University
1975-2024
Northern Arizona University
2020
Texas A&M University
1985-2016
The Ohio State University
2016
Michigan State University
2016
Shell (United States)
2016
Government of the United States of America
2013
Temperature is a primary factor affecting the rate of plant development. Warmer temperatures expected with climate change and potential for more extreme temperature events will impact productivity. Pollination one most sensitive phenological stages to extremes across all species during this developmental stage would greatly affect production. Few adaptation strategies are available cope at other than select plants which shed pollen cooler periods day or indeterminate so flowering occurs over...
Changes in temperature, CO 2 , and precipitation under the scenarios of climate change for next 30 yr present a challenge to crop production. This review focuses on impact 2, ozone agronomic crops implications Understanding these agricultural is critical developing cropping systems resilient stresses induced by change. There variation among their response changes and, with regional differences predicted climate, situation created which responses will be further complicated. For example,...
Abstract Some plant growth models require estimates of leaf area and absorbed radiation for simulating evapotranspiration photosynthesis. Previous studies indicated that spectral reflectance, absorption photosynthetically active (PAR), index (LAI) are interrelated. The objective this study was to establish a procedure by which reflectance can be used simultaneously estimate PAR LAI. A method is presented estimating the quantity wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) plants their LAI based on...
Balancing the amount of N needed for optimum plant growth while minimizing NO 3 that is transported to ground and surface waters remains a major challenge everyone attempting understand improve agricultural nutrient use efficiency. Our objectives this review are examine how changes in management practices during past century have affected midwestern soils identify types research reduce potential nonpoint leakage into water resources. Inherent soil characteristics contributing loss from...
Potential consequences of climate change on crop production can be studied using mechanistic simulation models. While a broad variety maize models exist, it is not known whether different diverge grain yield responses to changes in climatic factors, or they agree their general trends related phenology, growth, and yield. With the goal analyzing sensitivity simulated yields temperature atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations [CO2 ], we present largest model intercomparison date, including...
with the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and various government agencies private institutions have provided a great deal of fundamental information relating spectral reflectance thermal emittance properties soils crops to their agronomic biophysical characteristics. This knowledge has facilitated development use remote sensing methods for non-destructive monitor- ing plant growth detection many environmental stresses which limit productivity. Coupled rapid advances in computing position-...
In agronomic problems the sampling procedure may create some confusion and bias in analysis. Geostatistics provides a method for analysis of spatial temporal properties data set interpolation between selected points. This paper describes theory geostatistics its application to problems. considers collected either space or time at discrete intervals. These samples be correlated with each other provide unique information about parameters which would not detected classical statistical methods....
Water use efficiency (WUE) represents a given level of biomass or grain yield per unit water used by the crop. With increasing concern about availability resources in both irrigated and rainfed agriculture, there is renewed interest trying to develop an understanding how WUE can be improved farming systems modified more efficient use. This review synthesis literature directed toward role soil management practices for WUE. Soil affect processes evapotranspiration modifying available energy,...
Remote sensing has provided valuable insights into agronomic management over the past 40 yr. The contributions of individuals to remote methods have lead understanding how leaf reflectance and emittance changes in response thickness, species, canopy shape, age, nutrient status, water status. Leaf chlorophyll preferential absorption at different wavelengths provides basis for utilizing with either broad‐band radiometers typical current satellite platforms or hyperspectral sensors that measure...
Producers using site-specific crop management (SSCM) have a need for strategies to delineate areas within fields which can be tailored. These are often referred as zones Quick and automated procedures desirable creating testing the question of number create. A software program called Management Zone Analyst (MZA) was developed fuzzy c-means unsupervised clustering algorithm that assigns field information into like classes, or potential zones. An advantage MZA over many other programs is it...
Crop models of crop growth are increasingly used to quantify the impact global changes due climate or management. Therefore, accuracy simulation results is a major concern. Studies with ensembles can give valuable information about model and uncertainty, but such studies difficult organize have only recently begun. We report on largest ensemble study date, 27 wheat tested in four contrasting locations for their simulating multiple yield variables. The relative error averaged over was 24-38%...
The paper investigates the value of using distinct vegetation indices to quantify and characterize agricultural crop characteristics at different growth stages. Research was conducted on four crops (corn, soybean, wheat, canola) over eight years grown under tillage practices nitrogen management that varied rate timing. Six were found most useful, depending phenology practices: (a) simple ratio for biomass, (b) NDVI intercepted PAR, (c) SAVI early stages LAI, (d) EVI later (e) CIgreen leaf...
Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) addresses the challenge of meeting growing demand for food, fibre and fuel, despite changing climate fewer opportunities agricultural expansion on additional lands. CSA focuses contributing to economic development, poverty reduction food security; maintaining enhancing productivity resilience natural ecosystem functions, thus building capital; reducing trade-offs involved in these goals. Current gaps knowledge, work within CSA, agendas interdisciplinary...
Abstract We used the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) to predict and explain maize soybean yields, phenology, soil water nitrogen (N) dynamics during growing season in Iowa, USA. Historical, current forecasted weather data were drive simulations, which released public four weeks after planting. In this paper, we (1) describe methodology perform forecasts; (2) evaluate model prediction accuracy against collected from 10 locations over years; (3) identify inputs that are key...
Balancing the amount of N needed for optimum plant growth while minimizing NO3 that is transported to ground and surface waters remains a major challenge everyone attempting understand improve agricultural nutrient use efficiency. Our objectives this review are examine how changes in management practices during past century have affected midwestern soils identify types research reduce potential nonpoint leakage into water resources. Inherent soil characteristics contributing loss from soils,...