A5043691459- Climate change impacts on agriculture
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Agricultural risk and resilience
- Agricultural Economics and Policy
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Spatial and Panel Data Analysis
- Semiconductor materials and devices
- Global trade and economics
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets
- Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
- Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Copper Interconnects and Reliability
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Economic Growth and Productivity
- Advanced Materials Characterization Techniques
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2013-2024
University of Illinois System
1989-2024
University of California, San Francisco
2022
University of Illinois Chicago
2022
Chinese University of Hong Kong
2002-2019
International Food Policy Research Institute
2008-2016
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
2014-2015
University of Copenhagen
2011
In-Q-Tel
2002
Sandia National Laboratories
1982-2001
Significance Plausible estimates of climate change impacts on agriculture require integrated use climate, crop, and economic models. We investigate the contribution models to uncertainty in this impact chain. In nine included, direction management intensity, area, consumption, international trade responses harmonized crop yield shocks from are similar. However, magnitudes differ significantly. The differences depend model structure, particular specification endogenous effects, land change,...
Understanding the capacity of agricultural systems to feed world population under climate change requires projecting future food demand.This paper reviews demand modeling approaches from ten global economic models participating in Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP).We compare projections 2050 for various regions products harmonized scenarios socio-economic development, bioenergy expansion.In reference scenario (SSP2), increases by 59 98 percent between 2005...
BackgroundInformation about the global structure of agriculture and nutrient production its diversity is essential to improve present understanding national food patterns, agricultural livelihoods, chains, their linkages land use associated ecosystems services. Here we provide a plausible breakdown by farm size, also study associations between diversity, production. This analysis crucial design interventions that might be appropriately targeted promote healthy diets in face population...
Nelson, G. C., E. Bennett, A. Berhe, K. Cassman, R. DeFries, T. Dietz, Dobermann, Dobson, Janetos, M. Levy, D. Marco, N. Nakicenovic, B. ONeill, Norgaard, Petschel-Held, Ojima, P. Pingali, Watson, and Zurek. 2006. Anthropogenic drivers of ecosystem change: an overview. Ecology Society 11(2): 29.
Changes in agricultural land use have important implications for environmental services. Previous studies of land-use futures been published indicating large uncertainty due to different model assumptions and methodologies. In this article we present a first comprehensive comparison global agro-economic models that harmonized drivers population, GDP, biophysical yields. The allows us ask two research questions: (1) How much cropland will be used under socioeconomic climate change scenarios?...
Recent studies assessing plausible futures for agricultural markets and global food security have had contradictory outcomes. To advance our understanding of the sources differences, 10 economic models that produce long-term scenarios were asked to compare a reference scenario with alternate socioeconomic, climate change, bioenergy using common set key drivers. Several conclusions emerge from this exercise: First, comparison results be meaningful, careful analysis interpretation relevant...
Agriculture is unique among economic sectors in the nature of impacts from climate change. The production activity that transforms inputs into agricultural outputs involves direct use weather (temperature, solar radiation available to plant, and precipitation). Previous studies change on agriculture have reported substantial differences outcomes such as prices, production, trade arising model specification. This article presents results underlying determinants a comparison exercise with 10...
Heat stress in animals is one of the major climate change impacts on domesticated livestock raised both intensive and extensive production systems. At temperatures higher than an animal's thermoneutral zone, heat can affect liveweight gain, milk yield, fertility. Animal welfare may also be negatively affected by even absence effects productivity, at least short term.We estimated comparative statics value cattle meat from stress-induced losses global level, using scenario outputs for middle...
Anthropogenic climate change is expected to have major impacts on domesticated livestock, including increased heat stress in animals both intensive and extensive livestock systems. We estimate the changes number of extreme days per year for raised outdoors that can be animal species (cattle, sheep, goats, poultry, pigs) across globe during this century. used temperature humidity index as a proxy stress, calculated using relative data collated from an ensemble CMIP6 model output mid end...
Reliable estimates of the impacts climate change on crop production are critical for assessing sustainability food systems. Global, regional, and site-specific simulation studies have been conducted nearly four decades, representing valuable sources information impact assessments. However, wealth data produced by these has not made publicly available. Here, we develop a global dataset consolidating previously published meta-analyses collected through new literature search covering recent...
Abstract In this paper we demonstrate how satellite images and other geographic data can be used to predict land use. A cross‐section model of use is estimated with for a region in central Mexico. Parameters from the are examine effects reduced human activity. If variables that proxy influence changed reflect impact, “forest” area increases “irrigated crop” reduced.
Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has been used in conjunction with isotopic labeling to determine the extent and rate of passive film hydration on aluminum. The rates at which oxygen- hydrogen-containing species migrate through have determined as a function temperature applied potential (cathodic anodic polarization). results suggest that defects such hydroxide ions are prevalent mobile oxide film, influencing kinetics mechanisms corrosion pitting processes.
Abstract Manual outdoor work is essential in many agricultural systems. Climate change will make such more stressful regions due to heat exposure. The physical capacity metric (PWC) a physiologically based approach that estimates an individual's relative environment without any stress. We computed PWC under recent past and potential future climate conditions. Daily values were from five earth system models for three emission scenarios (SSP1‐2.6, SSP3‐7.0, SSP5‐8.5) time periods: 1991–2010...
<i>Economic conventional wisdom suggests that providing land users with more secure property rights will result in sustainable use and less deforestation. In this paper, we spatial econometric techniques to evaluate quantitatively the effect on of designated three parts Darién province––a national park where no human activity is supposed occur, two reserves for indigenous peoples. Results suggest legal an population can influence use. Geography appears be important than protection park.</i>...
Toluene solutions of monochlorosilane and trichlorosilane coupling agents are shown to react differently with hydrated dry silicon surfaces. For typical surfaces produced by piranha (H2O2 + H2SO4) etching, the saturation coverages octadecyldimethylchlorosilane (ODMS) (one reactive Si−O bond) approximately a third that octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODTS) (three bonds). In contrast, for samples vacuum baked at 400 °C, ODTS ODMS comparable. These data consistent reactions limited surface hydroxyl...