Andrew R. Marshall
A5069679096- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Forest ecology and management
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Forest Management and Policy
- Plant and animal studies
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Geological formations and processes
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Environmental Education and Sustainability
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
- Environmental Conservation and Management
University of York
2016-2025
University of the Sunshine Coast
2018-2024
Tanzania Forestry Research Institute
2016-2024
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2024
Harvard University
2024
Université du Québec à Montréal
2023
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
2023
Google (United States)
2022
Askham Bryan College
2021
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2017
Abstract. Tropical tree height-diameter (H:D) relationships may vary by forest type and region making large-scale estimates of above-ground biomass subject to bias if they ignore these differences in stem allometry. We have therefore developed a new global tropical database consisting 39 955 concurrent H D measurements encompassing 283 sites 22 countries. Utilising this database, our objectives were: 1. determine H:D differ geographic (wet dry forests, including zones tension where savanna...
Abstract. Aboveground tropical tree biomass and carbon storage estimates commonly ignore height (H). We estimate the effect of incorporating H on tropics-wide forest in 327 plots across four continents using 42 656 diameter measurements harvested trees from 20 sites to answer following questions: 1. What is best H-model form geographic unit include models minimise site-level uncertainty destructive biomass? 2. To what extent does including derived (1) reduce all plots? 3. accounting for have...
Summary 1. Calibrating indices of animal abundance to true densities is critical in wildlife studies especially when direct density estimations are precluded by high costs, lack required data or model parameters, elusiveness and rarity target species. For deploying camera traps, the use photographic rate (photographs per sampling time) as an index potentially applies majority terrestrial mammals where individual recognition, hence capture–recapture analysis, unfeasible. The very few...
We report above-ground biomass (AGB), basal area, stem density and wood mass estimates from 260 sample plots (mean size: 1.2 ha) in intact closed-canopy tropical forests across 12 African countries. Mean AGB is 395.7 Mg dry ha⁻¹ (95% CI: 14.3), substantially higher than Amazonian values, with the Congo Basin contiguous forest region attaining values (429 ha⁻¹) similar to those of Bornean forests, significantly greater East or West forests. therefore appears generally palaeo- compared...
Abstract Tropical forests are global centres of biodiversity and carbon storage. Many tropical countries aspire to protect forest fulfil climate mitigation policy targets, but the conservation strategies needed achieve these two functions depend critically on tree diversity-carbon storage relationship. Assessing this relationship is challenging due scarcity inventories where stocks in aboveground biomass species identifications have been simultaneously robustly quantified. Here, we compile a...
Significance Identifying and explaining regional differences in tropical forest dynamics, structure, diversity, composition are critical for anticipating region-specific responses to global environmental change. Floristic classifications of fundamental importance these efforts. Here we provide a classification that is explicitly based on community evolutionary similarity, resulting identification five major regions their relationships: ( i ) Indo-Pacific, ii Subtropical, iii African, iv...
Significance Tree diversity is fundamental for forest ecosystem stability and services. However, because of limited available data, estimates tree at large geographic domains still rely heavily on published lists species descriptions that are geographically uneven in coverage. These limitations have precluded efforts to generate a global perspective. Here, based ground-sourced database, we estimate the number biome, continental, scales. We estimated richness (≈73,300) ≈14% higher than...
Abstract We review the four major contemporary methods for estimating density of group‐living animals from line‐transect sampling: perpendicular modelling group centers, center measurable individuals, strip transects and animal–observer distance. The efficacy each method is evaluated to produce a simple selection guide. literature use field data Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania. relevant all animals; however, examples are drawn primates. Perpendicular have better mathematical justification than...
Abstract The proposed mechanism for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) offers significant potential conserving forests to reduce negative impacts of climate change. Tanzania is one nine pilot countries the United Nations REDD Programme, receives funding Norwegian, Finnish German governments a participant in World Bank’s Forest Carbon Partnership Facility. In combination, these interventions aim mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, provide an income rural communities...
Mischogyne (Annonaceae, tribe Monodoreae) is a genus of small- to medium-sized tropical trees and shrubs. It characterised by combination of: (1) stamens carpels on more or less extended torus; (2) divergent from each other at the apex torus above anthers; (3) anthers linear anther connectives not expanded thecae; (4) inflorescences extra-axillary (or sometimes terminal in M. michelioides) with usually solitary flowers; (5) petals reflexed anthesis (except michelioides), (6) prominent...
Abstract We determine the aboveground biomass and carbon storage (ABGC) of trees herbaceous layer in miombo woodland Eastern Arc Mountains (EAM) Tanzania. In four 1‐ha sample plots Nyanganje Kitonga Forests, we measured all ≥10 cm diameter alongside height wood mass density. The contained an average 20 tree species ha −1 (range 11–29) 344 stems 281–382) with Shannon diversity values 1.05 1.25, respectively. weighted nine previously published woody savannah allometric models based on whether:...
Abstract Competition among trees is an important driver of community structure and dynamics in tropical forests. Neighboring may impact individual tree’s growth rate probability mortality, but large‐scale geographic environmental variation these competitive effects has yet to be evaluated across the forest biome. We quantified competition on tree‐level basal area mortality for ≥10‐cm diameter 151 ~1‐ha plots mature forests Amazonia Africa by developing nonlinear models that accounted wood...
Abstract Defaunation is causing declines of large-seeded animal-dispersed trees in tropical forests worldwide, but whether and how these will affect carbon storage across this biome unclear. Here we show, using a pan-tropical data set, that simulated have contrasting effects on aboveground stocks Earth’s forests. In our simulations, African, American South Asian forests, which high proportions species, consistently show losses (2–12%), Southeast Australian where there are more abiotically...
Abstract Aim Large tropical trees form the interface between ground and airborne observations, offering a unique opportunity to capture forest properties remotely investigate their variations on broad scales. However, despite rapid development of metrics characterize canopy from sensed data, gap remains aerial field inventories. To close this gap, we propose new pan‐tropical model predict plot‐level structure biomass only largest trees. Location Pan‐tropical. Time period Early 21st century....
Abstract Growing evidence suggests that liana competition with trees is threatening the global carbon sink by slowing recovery of forests following disturbance. A recent theory based on local and regional further proposes competitive success lianas over driven interactions between forest disturbance climate. We present first assessment liana–tree relative performance in response to climate drivers. Using an unprecedented dataset, we analysed 651 vegetation samples representing 26,538 82,802...
Rates of aggradation and infilling accommodation space along lowland channels in response to postglacial sea level rise should depend on sediment supply. The Strickland Fly rivers join at just 6 m above have experienced the same Holocene rise. Historically, has carried about 7 times load 1.4 water discharge as Fly. Therefore we hypothesize that floodplain be more developed consequently presently capturing proportionately less than River. We use mine‐derived elevated Pb Ag concentrations 111...
In light of the significance that ecosystem service research is likely to play in linking conservation activities and human welfare, systematic approaches measuring, modeling mapping services (and their value society) are sorely needed. this paper we outline one such approach, which developed order understand links between functioning ecosystems Tanzania’s Eastern Arc Mountains impact on welfare at local, regional global scales. The essence our approach creation a series maps created using...
Floodplain deposition on lowland meandering rivers is usually interpreted as either lateral accretion during channel migration or overbank deposition. Previous studies the Fly River in Papua New Guinea suggest, however, that floodplain channels (consisting of tie and tributary channels) play an important role conveying sediment out across floodplain. Here we report results intensive field study conducted from 1990 to 1998 documents discharge main stem water onto its maps spatial pattern...