This paper reviews the current status, methodology, achievements, and prospects of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) breeding in China. There are 77 cultivars that have been registered country, these include 36 bred through programs, 17 introduced from overseas, 5 domesticated wild ecotypes, 19 regional collection/breeding programs. Cultivars selected for cold resistance, disease salt tolerance, grazing high yield, early maturity. Most developed conventional techniques, such as selective cross...

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a high-quality, high-protein forage, and the improvement breeding of key traits are important for enhancing productivity alfalfa. Plant height an trait that affects crop yield, its regulatory network mechanism has been widely reported in model plants, however, there fewer studies on developmental plant In this study, we screened tall (WL525HQ) short (WL343HQ) alfalfa materials through field experiments analyzed based multidimensional joint analysis phenotype,...

ABSTRACT This annual review outlines the progress of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies in 2024. As human‐induced CO 2 emissions continued to rise, year presented critical challenges. Notably, 2024 was hottest on record first which global temperatures exceeded preindustrial levels by more than 1.5°C, driving intensified efforts advance CCUS. Scientific interest CCUS grew significantly, with number related publications increasing 11.4% compared 2023, reaching 53,970....

Background Autotoxicity is an intraspecific manifestation of allelopathy in plant species. The specialized metabolites and their derivatives that cause allelopathic inhibition the are known as autotoxic substances. Consequently, substances production seriously affects renewal stability ecological communities. Methods This article systematically summarizes types present different plants. They mainly include phenolic compounds, terpenoids, nitrogenous organic compounds. Phenolic coumarins main...

Abstract Background Leguminous plants alter patterns of gene expression in response to symbiotic colonization and infection by their cognate rhizobial bacteria, but the extent transcriptomic has rarely been examined below species level. Here we describe identification 12 biotypes Ensifer meliloti , which form nitrogen-fixing nodules roots alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.), followed a comparative RNA-seq analysis four cultivars each inoculated with two E. strains varying performance phylogenetic...

Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) are a defense mechanism against herbivores, which in turn use detoxification metabolism to process ingested and absorbed PSMs. The feeding environment can cause changes liver patterns the gut microbiota. Here, we compared microbiota metabolome investigate response of plateau zokors (Eospalax baileyi) toxic plant Stellera chamaejasme (SC) non-SC SC grassland (-SCG +SCG). Our results indicated that exposure -SCG population increased inflammatory markers...

Abstract Background Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are essential in insect’s daily behaviors mediated by olfactory perception. Megachile saussurei Radoszkowski (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) is a principal insect pollinating alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ) Northwestern China. The function have been less conducted, which provides lot of possibilities for our research. Results Our results showed that 20 OBPs were identified total. Multiple sequence alignment analysis indicated MsauOBPs highly...

The phenolic compounds from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) are used as antioxidants and in native medicine. They play an indispensable role defense signal transduction of the plant under stress conditions. This exploration optimal extraction parameters total phenols by using ultrasonic-assisted (UAE) was aimed at providing a theoretical basis for better utilization alfalfa. In this study, effects solvent volume fraction (A), time (B), solid-liquid ratio (C) temperature (D) on content...

Alfalfa is widely grown worldwide for its excellent nutritional value. Pantoea species living in alfalfa seeds can easily spread over great distances with frequent trade. However, the pathogenic properties of this dangerous hitchhiker on have not been evaluated. Here, we identified taxonomic status strain CQ10 isolated from interior based whole genome sequence. The diverse virulence attributes during host infection were characterized through pathogenicity assays and functional genomic...

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to determine the effect matrine on migration and colonization dynamics two fluorescent-tagged rhizobia in Gannong No.5 alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. No. 5) tissues, also combination treatments seedlings’ growth.Materials methods: 0, 100, 200, 300 400 mg L−1 levels added into cyan fluorescent protein (CFP)-tagged rhizobia; Ensifer meliloti LZgn5f (gn5f) 12531f (12531f), respectively; drenched root with inoculants. Then D7, D14, D21 D28, subsequently...

Abstract Background Environmental changes are expected to intensify in the future. The invasion of toxic plants under environmental may change herbivore feeding environments. Herbivores living long-term plant-feeding environments will inevitably ingest plant secondary metabolites (PSMs), and different likely have unique protection mechanisms that support improved adaptation PSMs their habitat. We aimed compare subterranean population responses adaptations unveil challenges. Results Here, we...

Research on rhizobium diversity has paved the way for diversification of rhizobial germplasm resources. Seventy-three endophytic bacterial isolates were collected from seven tissues five alfalfa cultivars in three geographic locations Gansu, China. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) fingerprinting 16S rRNA and analysis concatenated sequence housekeeping genes (atpD, glnII, recA) two symbiotic (nodC nifH) used strain identification. Results showed that strains genetically diverse...

<title>Abstract</title> Background Seed aging, a natural and inevitable process occurring during storage. Oats, an annual herb belonging to the Gramineae family pooideae. In addition being healthy food, oats serve as ecological pastures, combating soil salinization desertification. They also play role in promoting grassland agriculture supplementing winter livestock feed. However, high lipid fat derivatives contents of oat seeds make them susceptible deterioration, are prone rancidity,...

Fatty acid and central carbon metabolism are crucial energy reactions. However, to date, few studies have examined their distribution characteristics within the alfalfa–rhizobia symbiotic system. To clarify distributional differences accumulation rates of fatty acids with this system, we measured plant phenotype, nodule formation, nitrogen fixation capacity, key enzyme activities Medicago sativa ‘Gannong No. 9’ 35 days post-inoculation (dpi) Sinorhizobia meliloti LL11. Additionally, employed...

To investigate the precise and efficient symbiosis between Sinorhizobium meliloti LL2 different alfalfa varieties, we conducted experiments using eight varieties along with S. LL2. Our objective was to identify highly effective symbiotic combinations by analyzing differences in nodulation, nitrogen fixation, biomass accumulation. The results revealed that Gannong NO.9 had higher values for single root nodule weight (1.30 mg) number of infected cells nodules (2795) compared other (p &lt;...