Programmed cell death plays an important role in the neuronal degeneration after cerebral ischemia, but underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we examined, vivo and vitro, whether ischemia-induced involves death-inducing ligand/receptor systems such as CD95 tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). After reversible middle artery occlusion adult rats, both TRAIL were expressed apoptotic areas of postischemic brain. Further recombinant proteins induced...

AimsThe aim of the study was to evaluate association body mass index (BMI) with mortality and non-fatal functional outcome in patients acute stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA). Obesity is an established risk factors primary cardiovascular disease prevention including stroke. The impact overweight TIA on secondary fatal outcomes less well established.

Systemic thrombolysis represents the only proven therapy for acute ischemic stroke, but safe treatment is reported in established stroke units. One major goal of ongoing Telemedic Pilot Project Integrative Stroke Care (TEMPiS) Bavaria to extend use tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) nonurban areas through telemedic support.The centers Munich-Harlaching and Regensburg a telestroke network provide consultations 12 local hospitals eastern Bavaria. The system consists digital that includes 2-way...

Antigen-specific immunosuppression requires an understanding of the parameters that control peripheral T cell tolerance. A liver-specific inducible promoter was used to drive expression major histocompatibility complex antigen K b in transgenic mice. Minute amounts , expressed exclusively on hepatocytes, induced tolerance by partial down-regulation receptor (TCR) self-reactive CD8 + cells. Contact these tolerant cells with high concentrations after induction led complete TCR. Thus, are...

Background —The death of cardiac cells during ischemia and reperfusion is partially mediated by apoptosis, as seen, eg, in autopsy material patients after acute myocardial infarction. Methods Results —To study the role CD95/Fas/Apo1 for induction postischemic cell death, we used an ischemia/reperfusion model isolated rat mouse hearts Langendorff perfusion. In this model, caspase-dependent apoptosis occurred reperfusion. Moreover, soluble CD95 ligand/Fas ligand was released early onset...

Transgenic mice provide one of the best experimental systems to study gene function in vivo. Although transgenic carry additional genetic material every cell body, expression transgenes under control constitutive promoter/enhancer units, such as murine major histocompatibility complex promoter H2-Kb, CMV enhancer/promoter, Pgk-1 or chicken cytoplasmatic β-actin is often restricted a limited number tissues (1–5). However, for most dominant gain-of-function approaches addressing role given...

Background and Purpose— Systemic thrombolysis is the only therapy proven to be effective for ischemic stroke. Telemedicine may help extend its use. However, concerns remain whether management safety of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administration after telemedical consultation are equivalent in less experienced hospitals compared with tPA academic stroke centers. Methods— During second year ongoing Telemedical Pilot Project Integrative Stroke Care, all systemic thrombolyses patients 12...

Background and Purpose— Stroke unit treatment is effective in reducing death dependency after stroke but not available many, particularly rural, areas. The implementation of a network with telemedicine support was associated improved outcome at 3 months. We report follow-up results 12 30 months acute stroke. Methods— Telemedical Project for Integrative Care (TEMPiS) consists the set-up specialized local wards, continuous medical education, telemedical consultation patients by 2 centers. In...

By using raft cultures of the polyclonal HaCaT cell lines stably transfected either with E5 (HaCaT/E5) or empty vector (HaCaT/pMSG) as reference, we investigated effect human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) protein on apoptosis. In comparison to conventional monolayer this model system allows analysis apoptosis under more tissue-like conditions by mimicking stratified organization a normal surface epithelium. Apoptosis was triggered FasL TRAIL. Execution death program checked at early and...

<i>Background:</i> Providing stroke unit treatment for all patients is a cross-national goal as stated in the WHO Helsingborg Declaration. In order to achieve specialized care large area, two centers and 12 community hospitals established an integrative network. This evaluation was performed analyze achieved advances management. <i>Methods:</i> Core network elements are: (1) establishing wards hospitals; (2) continuous training treatment; (3) telemedicine service...

Basilar artery occlusion (BAO) is a stroke subtype with poor prognosis, but recanalizing therapies have been reported to be effective. We investigated whether initial admission telemedically linked general hospitals subsequent stroke-center transfer related poorer outcome than direct centers.All BAO cases of 3 centers in Munich and 1 center Regensburg between March 1, 2003 December 31, 2004 were included, either if patients directly admitted (n=23) or had the telemedical network for...

Summary Quality management on dairy farms becomes more and important regarding the different areas of animal health, welfare food safety. Monitoring animals, farm conditions records can be extended with risk identification management. The hazard analysis critical control point's system is useful as an strategy to product well production process This article deals in detail question how develop a qualitative method where defined interaction between probability impact. Two parts (milk harvest...

Background and Purpose— Telemedicine is increasingly used to provide acute stroke expertise for hospitals without full-time neurological services. Teleconsulting through mobile laptop computers may offer more flexibility compared with hospital-based services, but concerns about quality technical reliability remain. Methods— We conducted a controlled trial, allocating or teleconsulting in shift-by-shift sequence evaluating parameters, acceptability, impact on immediate clinical decisions....

<i>Background:</i> State-of-the-art stroke management requires neurological expertise for the recognition of complex cerebrovascular syndromes or stroke-mimicking symptoms and initiation proven acute therapies. Many community hospitals struggle to fulfill these premises particularly at evening/nighttimes weekends. Telemedicine can improve that situation by offering rapid access expertise, but it has not been shown what extent is used beyond working times....