A5083163672- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Remote-Sensing Image Classification
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Infrared Target Detection Methodologies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Remote Sensing and Land Use
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Climate change and permafrost
National Institute for Environmental Studies
2016-2025
Tohoku University
2022
NTL Institute for Applied Behavioral Science
2015-2019
Meteorological Research Institute
2014
The University of Tokyo
1990-2008
NTT (Japan)
2008
Osaka University
2008
Institute of Space and Astronautical Science
2008
Brown University
2008
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
2008
The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) scanner on NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS)-AM1 satellite (launch scheduled for 1998) will collect five bands of thermal infrared (TIR) data with a noise equivalent temperature difference (NE/spl Delta/T) /spl les/0.3 K to estimate surface temperatures emissivity spectra, especially over land, where emissivities are not known in advance. Temperature/emissivity separation (TES) is difficult because there...
Hayabusa2 at the asteroid Ryugu Asteroids fall to Earth in form of meteorites, but these provide little information about their origins. The Japanese mission is designed collect samples directly from surface an and return them for laboratory analysis. Three papers this issue describe team's study near-Earth carbonaceous 162173 Ryugu, which spacecraft arrived June 2018 (see Perspective by Wurm). Watanabe et al. measured asteroid's mass, shape, density, showing that it a “rubble pile” loose...
Abstract The Moon is the nearest celestial body to Earth. Understanding most important issue confronting geosciences and planetary sciences. Japan will launch lunar polar orbiter SELENE (Kaguya) (Kato et al. , 2007) in 2007 as first mission of Japanese long-term exploration program acquire data for scientific knowledge possible utilization Moon. An optical sensing instrument called Lunar Imager/Spectrometer (LISM) loaded on SELENE. LISM requirements project are intended provide...
We discovered a vertical hole on the Moon, which is possible lava tube skylight, using data from SELENE's two high‐resolution cameras: Terrain Camera and Multi‐band Imager. The nearly circular, 65 m in diameter, located sinuous rille at Marius Hills region, volcanic province lunar nearside. observed various solar illumination conditions estimated its depth to be 80 88 m. depth/diameter ratio much larger than for typical impact craters. There are neither conspicuous deposits indicating...
We determined model ages of mare deposits on the farside Moon basis crater frequency distributions in 10-meter-resolution images obtained by Terrain Camera SELENE (Selenological and Engineering Explorer) (Kaguya). Most volcanism that formed lunar ceased at approximately 3.0 billion years ago, suggesting was markedly reduced globally during this period. However, several various locations also show a much younger age, clustering 2.5 ago. These young indicate lasted longer than previously...
Abstract The terrestrial biosphere is a key player in slowing the accumulation of carbon dioxide atmosphere. While quantification fluxes at global land scale important for mitigation policy related to climate and carbon, measurements are only available sites scarcely distributed world. This leads using various methods upscale site whole biosphere. article reports product obtained by Random Forest net ecosystem exchange, gross primary production, respiration from FLUXNET 2015. Our covers...
We present a new global survey of the purest anorthosite (PAN) rock using Spectral Profiler onboard Kaguya. found that PAN rocks are widely distributed over Moon, including Feldspathic Highland Terrain and south north polar regions. All sites associated with huge impact structures diameters larger than 100 km. Based on distributions olivine‐rich sites, we propose existence massive layer thickness ∼50 km below an uppermost mafic‐rich mixed ∼10 Below layer, lower crustal materials may be...
This report describes a validation study of Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) data processing using ground‐based measurements the Total Carbon Column Network (TCCON) as reference for column‐averaged dry air mole fractions atmospheric carbon dioxide (X CO2 ). We applied photon path length probability density function method to validate X retrievals from GOSAT obtained during 22 months starting June 2009. permitted direct evaluation optical modifications due light scattering that...
This study compared five widely used globally gridded biomass burning emissions inventories for the 2002-2011 period (Global Fire Emissions Database 3 (GFED3), Global 4 (GFED4), Assimilation System 1.0 (GFAS1.0), INventory from NCAR (FINN1.0) and Inventory Chemistry-Climate studies-GFED4 (G-G)). Average annual CO2 range 6521.3 to 9661.5 Tg year(-1) inventories, with extensive amounts in Africa, South America Southeast Asia. Coefficient of Variation Southern America, Northern Africa are 30%,...
Abstract We employed an atmospheric transport model to attribute column‐averaged CO 2 mixing ratios ( X CO2 ) observed by Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) emissions due large sources such as megacities and power plants. enhancements estimated from observations were compared simulations implemented at the spatial resolution of satellite observation footprint (0.1° × 0.1°). found that simulated agree with over several continental regions across globe, for example, North America...
Abstract The Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite 2 (GOSAT-2) was launched in October 2018 as a successor to GOSAT (launched 2009), the first satellite specialize greenhouse gas observations. Compared sensors, sensors of GOSAT-2 offer higher performance most respects. quality and quantity data from observations are expected be improved accordingly. signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is better both SWIR TIR bands TANSO-FTS-2, which main sensor GOSAT-2. This improvement ultimately enhances accuracy...
Abstract Considering the significant role of global methane emissions in Earth’s radiative budget, or regionally persistent increasing trends its emission are great concern. Understanding regional contributions various sectors to growth rate thus has policy relevance. We used a high-resolution inverse model independently optimize sectoral using GOSAT and ground-based observations for 2009–2020. Annual were calculated top-emitting countries, total anthropogenic trend studied. Global posterior...
Abstract The Multiband Imager (MI) is one of the 14 instruments for Japanese SELENE (KAGUYA) mission. Goal mission to understand origin and evolution Moon by obtaining global element mineral compositions, topological structure, gravity field whole Moon, electromagnetic particle environment Moon. MI designed be a high-resolution multiband imaging camera with spatial resolution in visible bands 20 m near-infrared 62 from 100 km orbit altitude. flight model has been manufactured integrated....
Heat flow measurements are high on the back arc side and low forearc of Tohoku arc, but convective heat transfer in volcanic areas affects measurements, complicating determination thermal structure from alone. Curie point depths deduced previous magnetic analyses show a sudden change isotherm between front Japan Trench. A belt extends west Hokkaido to eastern limit Tohoku. The location is parallel Cretaceous subduction zone. To determine geometry source belt, detailed were carried out using...
The Spectral Profiler (SP) onboard the Japanese SELENE (KAGUYA) spacecraft is now providing global high spectral resolution visible‐near infrared continuous reflectance spectra of Moon. impact craters on farside Moon reveal lithologies that were not previously identified. achievements SP so far include: most definite detection crystalline iron‐bearing plagioclase with its characteristic 1.3 μ m absorption band Moon; a new interpretation lithology Tsiolkovsky crater central peaks, classified...