Jean‐Pierre Bibring
A5003444580- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Space exploration and regulation
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Space Satellite Systems and Control
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Astronomical and nuclear sciences
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale
2015-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2011-2024
Université Paris-Saclay
2010-2024
Université Paris-Sud
2013-2023
International Society of Automation
2023
Tokyo University of Science
2023
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
2023
The University of Tokyo
2023
Université Paris Cité
1995-2022
European Space Research and Technology Centre
2021
Global mineralogical mapping of Mars by the Observatoire pour la Mineralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activité (OMEGA) instrument on European Space Agency's Express spacecraft provides new information Mars' geological and climatic history. Phyllosilicates formed aqueous alteration very early in planet's history (the “phyllocian” era) are found oldest terrains; sulfates were a second era “theiikian” an acidic environment. Beginning about 3.5 billion years ago, last “siderikian”) is dominated...
The Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) is a hyperspectral imager on the Orbiter (MRO) spacecraft. CRISM consists of three subassemblies, gimbaled Optical Sensor Unit (OSU), Data Processing (DPU), and Gimbal Motor Electronics (GME). CRISM's objectives are (1) to map entire surface using subset bands characterize crustal mineralogy, (2) mineralogy key areas at high spectral spatial resolution, (3) measure seasonal variations in atmosphere. These addressed major types...
The OMEGA/Mars Express hyperspectral imager identified hydrated sulfates on light-toned layered terrains Mars. Outcrops in Valles Marineris, Margaritifer Sinus, and Terra Meridiani show evidence for kieserite, gypsum, polyhydrated sulfates. This identification has its basis vibrational absorptions between 1.3 2.5 micrometers. These minerals constitute direct records of the past aqueous activity
The Observatoire pour la Minéralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces, et l'Activité (OMEGA) investigation, on board the European Space Agency Mars Express mission, is mapping surface composition of at a 0.3- to 5-kilometer resolution by means visible-near-infrared hyperspectral reflectance imagery. data acquired during first 9 months mission already reveal diverse and complex mineralogy, offering key insights into evolution Mars. OMEGA has identified mapped mafic iron-bearing silicates both northern...
Martian aqueous mineral deposits have been examined and characterized using data acquired during Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's (MRO) primary science phase, including Compact Imaging Spectrometer for hyperspectral images covering the 0.4–3.9 μ m wavelength range, coordinated with higher–spatial resolution HiRISE Context Imager images. MRO's new high‐resolution measurements, combined earlier from Thermal Emission Spectrometer; System; Observatoire pour la Minéralogie, L'Eau, les Glaces et...
The Hayabusa2 spacecraft arrived at the near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu in 2018. We present observations of Ryugu's shape, mass, and geomorphology. has an oblate "spinning top" with a prominent circular equatorial ridge. Its bulk density, 1.19 ± 0.02 grams per cubic centimeter, indicates high-porosity (>50%) interior. Large surface boulders suggest rubble-pile structure. Surface slope analysis shows shape may have been produced from having once spun twice current rate. Coupled...
The surface of Mars has preserved the record early environments in which its basaltic crust was altered by liquid water. These aqueous have survived form hydrological morphologies and alteration minerals, including clays hydrated salts. Because these minerals probe on Earth compatible with biotic activity, understanding their formation processes is great exobiological relevance also offers insight into Earth's now erased ancient water environments. Using remote sensing, we conducted a...
The Observatoire pour la Minéralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces, et l'Activité (OMEGA) imaging spectrometer observed the northern circumpolar regions of Mars at a resolution few kilometers. An extended region 240 degrees E, 85 N, with an area 60 kilometers by 200 kilometers, exhibits absorptions wavelengths 1.45, 1.75, 1.94, 2.22, 2.26, and 2.48 micrometers. These signatures can be unambiguously attributed to calcium-rich sulfates, most likely gypsum. This corresponds dark longitudinal dunes Olympia...
The second ExoMars mission will be launched in 2020 to target an ancient location interpreted have strong potential for past habitability and preserving physical chemical biosignatures (as well as abiotic/prebiotic organics). deliver a lander with instruments atmospheric geophysical investigations rover tasked searching signs of extinct life. equipped drill collect material from outcrops at depth down 2 m. This subsurface sampling capability provide the best chance yet gain access...
Data from the Observatoire pour la Minéralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces, et l'Activité (OMEGA) on Mars Express spacecraft identify distinct mafic, rock-forming minerals olivine, low-calcium pyroxene (LCP), and high-calcium (HCP) surface of Mars. Olivine- HCP-rich regions are found in deposits that span age range geologic units. However, LCP-rich only ancient Noachian-aged units, which suggests melts for these were derived a mantle depleted aluminum calcium. Extended dark northern plains exhibit no...
The Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) aboard the Orbiter (MRO) is most recent spectrometer to arrive at Mars. instrument a hyperspectral imager covering visible near‐infrared wavelengths (0.37–3.92 μ m 6.55 nm/channel). Summary products based on multispectral parameters will be derived from reflectances in key every CRISM observation. There are 44 summary formulated capture spectral features related both surface mineralogy and atmospheric gases aerosols. intent use...
The VIRTIS (Visible, Infrared and Thermal Imaging Spectrometer) instrument on board the Rosetta spacecraft has provided evidence of carbon-bearing compounds nucleus comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. very low reflectance (normal albedo 0.060 ± 0.003 at 0.55 micrometers), spectral slopes in visible infrared ranges (5 to 25 1.5 5% kÅ(-1)), broad absorption feature 2.9-to-3.6-micrometer range present across entire illuminated surface are compatible with opaque minerals associated nonvolatile...
Hayabusa2 at the asteroid Ryugu Asteroids fall to Earth in form of meteorites, but these provide little information about their origins. The Japanese mission is designed collect samples directly from surface an and return them for laboratory analysis. Three papers this issue describe team's study near-Earth carbonaceous 162173 Ryugu, which spacecraft arrived June 2018 (see Perspective by Wurm). Watanabe et al. measured asteroid's mass, shape, density, showing that it a “rubble pile” loose...
Abstract C-type asteroids 1 are considered to be primitive small Solar System bodies enriched in water and organics, providing clues the origin evolution of building blocks life. asteroid 162173 Ryugu has been characterized by remote sensing 2–7 on-asteroid measurements 8,9 with Hayabusa2 (ref. 10 ). However, ground truth provided laboratory analysis returned samples is invaluable determine fine properties other planetary bodies. We report preliminary results analyses on from particle size...
Samples of the carbonaceous asteroid (162173) Ryugu were collected and brought to Earth by Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We investigated macromolecular organic matter in samples found that it contains aromatic aliphatic carbon, ketone, carboxyl functional groups. The spectroscopic features are consistent with those chemically primitive chondrite meteorites experienced parent-body aqueous alteration (reactions liquid water). morphology carbon includes nanoglobules diffuse associated phyllosilicate...
The part of the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer (CRISM) for Mars investigation conducted during Orbiter's (MRO's) primary science phase was a comprehensive past aqueous environments, structure planet's crust, climate, and current meteorology. measurements to implement this include over 9500 targeted observations surface features taken at spatial resolutions better than 40 m/pixel, monitoring seasonal variations in atmospheric aerosols trace gases, acquisition 200 m/pixel map...
Nili Fossae is a region with fresh exposures of old material. OMEGA spectral data have revealed strong diversity minerals in the region, including mafic and phyllosilicates. Phyllosilicates are found to be primarily Fe‐rich smectites (a type clay minerals). These phyllosilicates observed only on Noachian crust, four types locations: Three without any signatures other than phyllosilicates, (1) smooth layered deposits, (2) massive exhumed material, (3) crater ejecta, one location associated...
OMEGA/Mars Express has discovered large outcrops rich in phyllosilicates the region of Mawrth Vallis, Mars (around 20°W, 25°N). The is located Noachian highly cratered terrains, close to limit Martian dichotomy, where outflow channel Vallis cuts highlands. We have examined this using OMEGA spectra surface from 0.9 μ m 2.6 m, with spatial sampling 500 3 km, offering a full coverage region. show two broad bands centered at 1 and 2.2 revealing presence clinopyroxene on dark surfaces....
New results from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars and High Resolution Science Experiment Context Imager cameras on Orbiter provide insights into origin of interior layered deposits in Valles Marineris analysis a thick, well‐exposed section western Candor Chasma. Most deposit is dominated spectrally by nanophase ferric oxide like that found globally distributed eolian dust, with addition prevalent component monohydrated sulfates. A rippled mantle containing both...
Definitive exposures of pristine, ancient crust on Mars are rare, and the finding that much Noachian terrain exhibits evidence phyllosilicate alteration adds further complexity. We have analyzed high‐resolution data from Reconnaissance Orbiter in well‐exposed surrounding Isidis basin. focus Compact Imaging Spectrometer for as well imaging sets High Resolution Imagine Science Experiment Context Imager. These show lowermost unit this region is a complex, brecciated diverse compositions....