A5032186906- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Geological formations and processes
- Marine and environmental studies
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Space exploration and regulation
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Clay minerals and soil interactions
- Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
- Mineral Processing and Grinding
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Polar Research and Ecology
Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
2012-2023
University of Nevada, Reno
2023
Smithsonian Institution
2022
Johns Hopkins University
2015-2021
Ames Research Center
2007
Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence
2007
University of Arizona
2007
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2007
Astrogeology Science Center
2007
United States Geological Survey
2007
Abstract The investigation of hyperspectral data from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Compact Imaging Spectrometer for (CRISM) and Observatoire pour la Minéralogie, L'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activitié (OMEGA) on Express has revealed an increasingly diverse suite minerals present Martian surface. A revised set 60 spectral parameters derived corrected reflectance at key wavelengths in CRISM targeted observations designed to capture known diversity surface mineralogy is presented here as “summary...
Martian Impact craters form frequently on Mars, exposing material that would otherwise remain hidden below the surface. Byrne et al. (p. 1674 ) identified mid-latitude formed over last few years, imaged them in great detail with a camera board Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, and monitored subsequent changes. The excavated buried water ice, which was later seen sublimating away. In addition, some might have completely through ice. observations are consistent models other suggest ice should be...
The part of the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer (CRISM) for Mars investigation conducted during Orbiter's (MRO's) primary science phase was a comprehensive past aqueous environments, structure planet's crust, climate, and current meteorology. measurements to implement this include over 9500 targeted observations surface features taken at spatial resolutions better than 40 m/pixel, monitoring seasonal variations in atmospheric aerosols trace gases, acquisition 200 m/pixel map...
Water has supposedly marked the surface of Mars and produced characteristic landforms. To understand history water on Mars, we take a close look at key locations with High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment board Reconnaissance Orbiter, reaching fine spatial scales 25 to 32 centimeters per pixel. Boulders ranging up approximately 2 meters in diameter are ubiquitous middle high latitudes, which include deposits previously interpreted as finegrained ocean sediments or dusty snow. Bright...
The ∼5 km of traverses and observations completed by the Opportunity rover from Endurance crater to Fruitbasket outcrop show that Meridiani plains consist sulfate‐rich sedimentary rocks are largely covered poorly‐sorted basaltic aeolian sands a lag granule‐sized hematitic concretions. Orbital reflectance spectra obtained Mars Express OMEGA over this region dominated pyroxene, plagioclase feldspar, crystalline hematite (i.e., concretions), nano‐phase iron oxide dust signatures, consistent...
Abstract Carbonates are key minerals for understanding ancient Martian environments because they indicators of potentially habitable, neutral‐to‐alkaline water and may be an important reservoir paleoatmospheric CO 2 . Previous remote sensing studies have identified mostly Mg‐rich carbonates, both in dust a Late Noachian rock unit circumferential to the Isidis basin. Here we report evidence older Fe‐ and/or Ca‐rich carbonates exposed from subsurface by impact craters troughs. These found...
Research Article| October 01, 2013 A hematite-bearing layer in Gale Crater, Mars: Mapping and implications for past aqueous conditions A.A. Fraeman; Fraeman 1Department of Earth Planetary Sciences, Washington University St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA Search other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar R.E. Arvidson; Arvidson J.G. Catalano; Catalano J.P. Grotzinger; Grotzinger 2Department Geological California Institute Technology, Pasadena, 91125, R.V. Morris; Morris 3NASA Johnson Space...
The Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) on the Orbiter (MRO) collected hyperspectral images of Martian surface and atmosphere from September 27, 2006, through May 7, 2022. Over that time, nearly twenty scientific investigations were completed, most which arose as a result findings previous investigations. Two review papers published in 2009 (Murchie et al., 2009a, b) described initial two-year investigation during MRO's Primary Science Phase, its key findings, CRISM...
The size‐frequency distributions of rocks >1.5 m diameter fully resolvable in High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) images the northern plains follow exponential models developed from lander measurements smaller and are continuous with rock measured at landing sites. Dark pixels resolution limit Mars Orbiter Camera thought to be boulders shown mostly dark shadows clustered HiRISE images. An automated detector algorithm that fits ellipses cylinders rocks, accurately (within...
Cross crater is a 65 km impact crater, located in the Noachian highlands of Terra Sirenum region Mars (30°S, 158°W), which hosts aluminum phyllosilicate deposits first detected by Observatoire pour la Minéralogie, L'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activitié (OMEGA) imaging spectrometer on Express. Using high-resolution data from Reconnaissance Orbiter, we examine crater's basin-filling sedimentary deposits. Visible/shortwave infrared (VSWIR) spectra Compact Imaging Spectrometer for (CRISM) show...
Abstract Orbital data acquired by the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) and High Resolution Science Experiment instruments on Orbiter (MRO) provide a synoptic view of compositional stratigraphy floor Gale crater surrounding area where Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity landed. Fractured, light‐toned material exhibits 2.2 µm absorption consistent with enrichment in hydroxylated silica. This may be distal sediment from Peace Vallis fan, cement fracture fill containing unit...
To ensure a successful touchdown and subsequent surface operations, the Mars Exploration Program 2007 Phoenix Lander must land within 65° to 72° north latitude, at an elevation less than −3.5 km. The landing site have relatively low wind velocities rock slope distributions similar or more benign those found Viking 2 site. Also, soil cover of least several centimeters over ice icy meet science objectives evaluating environmental habitability implications past current near‐polar environments....
The Martian polar night distribution of 1.27 μ m (0–0) band emission from O 2 singlet delta [O ( 1 Δ g )] is determined an extensive set Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) Compact Imaging Spectral Mapping (CRISM) limb scans observed over a wide range seasons, high latitudes, local times, and longitudes between 2009 2011. This nightglow reflects meridional transport winter descent atomic oxygen produced CO photodissociation. A distinct peak in appears prominently 70–90NS latitudes at 40–60 km...
Abstract Water ice in the Martian mid‐latitudes has advanced and retreated response to variations planet's orbit, obliquity, climate. A 150 m‐diameter new impact crater near 35°N provides lowest‐latitude exposure of subsurface on Mars. This is largest known ice‐exposing key constraints climate history. indicates a regional, relatively pure deposit that unstable nearly vanished. In past, this may have been tens meters thick extended equatorward 35°N. We infer it overlain by pore emplaced...
The Phoenix Lander touched down on the northern distal flank of shield volcano Alba Patera in a ∼150 km wide valley underlain by Scandia region unit. geomorphology and geology landing site is dominated ∼0.6 Ga, 11.5 wide, bowl‐shaped impact crater, Heimdal, its areally extensive ejecta deposits. located ∼20 to west crater sitting plains surface partially eroded Heimdal was produced hypervelocity into fine‐grained, ice‐rich material inferred have high velocity winds ground‐hugging emplacement...
Airborne Visible/Near‐Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data acquired over the Ka'u Desert are atmospherically corrected to ground reflectance and used identify mineralogic components of relatively young basaltic materials, including 250–700 200–400 year old lava flows, 1971 1974 ash deposits, solfatara incrustations. To provide context, a geologic surface units map is constructed, verified with field observations, supported by laboratory analyses. AVIRIS spectral end‐members identified...
<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We discuss the DISORT-based radiative transfer pipeline ("CRISM_LambertAlb") for atmospheric and thermal correction of MRO/CRISM data acquired in multispectral mapping mode (<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$ \sim$</tex></formula>200 m/pixel, 72 spectral channels). Currently, this phase-one version system, we use aerosol optical depths, surface temperatures, lower all from...
Large‐scale fracture systems surrounding the Utopia basin include giant polygons and circular graben. Data covering northern now allow high‐resolution mapping of these features in all regions basin. Giant to north south are different both size morphology, leading polygon classifications (1) S‐style, (2) subdued (3) S‐style (4) N‐style. Also, ten graben have been identified These generally larger diameters than southern graben, their morphology is similar N‐style polygons. As with surface...
Abstract A dark‐toned, indurated, smooth horizon, and (or) bed (herein called “marker horizon”) is exposed across much of the northwestern, southwestern, southeastern portions Mount Sharp in Gale crater. Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars spectra taken from marker horizon exhibit evidence presence high calcium pyroxene other basaltic minerals contrast to hydrated sulfate signatures associated with strata above below it. Mean dips sulfate‐bearing are 1–5° almost all azimuths...
Abstract Over 100 Martian gully sites were analyzed using orbital data collected by the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) and High Resolution Science Experiment on Orbiter (MRO). Most gullies are spectrally indistinct from their surroundings, due to mantling dust. Where spectral information sediments was obtained, a variety of mineralogies identified. Their relationship source rock suggests that gully‐forming processes transported underlying material downslope....