A5061047973- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Optical measurement and interference techniques
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
- Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Pulsed Power Technology Applications
- Advanced Measurement and Metrology Techniques
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Plasma Applications and Diagnostics
- Electromagnetic Launch and Propulsion Technology
- Magnetic Properties and Applications
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies
- Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics
University of California, San Diego
2013-2025
Johns Hopkins University
2014-2024
General Atomics (United States)
2014-2021
Cornell University
2021
Sandia National Laboratories
2021
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
2009-2015
Instituto Tecnológico de Toluca
2004
The last decade has shown the great potential that X-ray Free Electron Lasers (FEL) have to study High Energy Density (HED) physics. Experiments at FELs made significant breakthroughs in Shock Physics and Dynamic Diffraction, Dense Plasma Warm Matter Science, using techniques such as isochoric heating, inelastic scattering, small angle scattering diffraction. In addition, complementary these techniques, coherent properties of FEL beam can be used image HED samples with high fidelity. We...
We describe a platform developed on the LULI2000 laser facility to investigate evolution of Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) in scaled conditions relevant young supernova remnants (SNRs) up 200 years. An RT unstable interface is imaged with short-pulse laser-driven (PICO2000) x-ray source, providing an unprecedented simultaneous high spatial (24μm) and temporal (10 ps) resolution. This experiment provides data compare astrophysical codes, as observational development RTI at early stage SNR...
Abstract Diagnosing the evolution of laser-generated high energy density (HED) systems is fundamental to develop a correct understanding behavior matter under extreme conditions. Talbot–Lau interferometry constitutes promising tool, since it permits simultaneous single-shot X-ray radiography and phase-contrast imaging dense plasmas. We present results an experiment at OMEGA EP that aims probe ablation front laser-irradiated foil using interferometer. A polystyrene (CH) was irradiated by...
X-ray phase-contrast radiography could better characterize highly localized density gradients expected in High Energy Density (HED) plasma experiments than conventional attenuation radiography. In particular, the Talbot-Lau (TL) grating interferometer, which works with extended and polychromatic x-ray sources, is a potentially attractive HED diagnostic due to its high sensitivity. For characterization TL setup imaging techniques must be changed from recently studied medical system. The...
Wire X-pinches (WXPs) have been studied comprehensively as fast (∼1 ns pulse width), small μm) x-ray sources, created by twisting two or more fine wires into an “X” to produce a localized region of extreme magnetic pressure at the cross-point. Recently, alternatives traditional WXP arisen: hybrid X-pinch (HXP), composed conical electrodes bridged thin wire capillary, and laser-cut foil (LCXP), cut from using laser. We present comparison copper wire, hybrid, on single experimental platform:...
We present the experimental details and results from a low energy but high repetition rate compact plasma capillary source for extreme ultraviolet soft x-ray research applications. Two lengths of are mounted in two versions closely related design. The discharge operates 1.6 3.2 mm inner diameter alumina capillaries 21 36 mm. use water both as dielectric coolant simplifies inductance design with nanosecond periods. stored electrical is approximately 0.5 J provided by directly charging...
The highly localized density gradients expected in High Energy Density (HED) plasma experiments can be characterized by x-ray phase-contrast imaging addition to conventional attenuation radiography. Moiré deflectometry using the Talbot-Lau grating interferometer setup is an attractive HED diagnostic due its high sensitivity refraction induced phase shifts. We report on adaptation of such a system for operation sub-10 keV range combination free standing and ultrathin Talbot gratings. This new...
A Talbot-Lau X-ray Deflectometer (TXD) was implemented in the OMEGA EP laser facility to characterize evolution of an irradiated foil ablation front by mapping electron densities >1022 cm-3 means Moiré deflectometry. The experiment used a short-pulse (30-100 J, 10 ps) and copper target as x-ray backlighter source. In first experimental tests performed benchmark diagnostic platform, grating survival demonstrated parameters that deliver images were described. necessary modifications accurately...
Interferometry is one of the most sensitive and successful diagnostic methods for plasmas. However, owing to design common interferometric systems, wavelengths operation and, therefore, range densities temperatures that can be probed are severely limited. Talbot–Lau interferometry offers possibility extending measurements x-ray by means Talbot effect. While there have been several proof-of-concept experiments showing efficacy this method, it only recently probe High Energy Density (HED)...
With its ability to efficiently probe low-Z materials, X-ray phase imaging methods have recently raised high interest in multiple fields from biology and medical applications energy density (HED) physics. Initially developed with synchrotron light tubes, we present a novel grating based Talbot deflectometer (TXD) diagnostic that was coupled laser-generated K- α sources. The multi-terawatt laser ( I > 1 × 10 14 W cm -2 ) used as testbed for development. It found source chromaticity plays...
We present observations of the emission characteristics plasma processes a low inductance, sub Joule, compact capillary discharge, when operated in nitrogen at up to 600 Hz. A quarter period under 10 ns is achieved allowing currents order 5 kA. Four geometries are explored: two lengths, 21 and 36 mm, internal diameters, 1.6 3.2 mm. Transient hollow cathode fast electrons associated with enhanced soft x-ray shorter wavelengths measured output energies N VI 28.8 Å as compared Maxwellian...
We report on experiments examining the dynamics of low current (25 kA), long rise-time (400 ns) X-pinches. The used two- and four-wire 5 μm tungsten discuss coronal plasma dynamics, X-ray emission, cross-point evolution, axial column dynamics. show that pinch are akin to those in X-pinches driven by 0.1–1 MA at rise-rates from 0.25 10 kA/ns. observe soft X-rays (∼1–2 keV range) emitted cross point both two-wire about peak current. These results compact generators consisting 2–4 small...
Talbot-Lau x-ray interferometry uses incoherent sources to measure refraction index changes in matter. These measurements can provide accurate electron density mapping through phase retrieval. An adaptation of the interferometer has been developed order meet specific requirements high-energy experiments. This is known as a moiré deflectometer, which allows for single-shot capabilities form interferometric fringe patterns. The deflectometry technique requires set object and reference images...
Talbot-Lau x-ray interferometers can map electron density gradients in High Energy Density (HED) samples. In the deflectometer configuration, it provide refraction, attenuation, elemental composition, and scatter information from a single image. X-ray backlighters deflectometry must meet specific requirements regarding source size spectra, amongst others, to accurately diagnose wide range of HED experiments. 8 keV sources produced high-power laser pulsed power environment were evaluated as...
The Talbot-Lau x-ray moiré deflectometer is a powerful plasma diagnostic capable of delivering simultaneous refraction and attenuation information through the accurate detection phase shift intensity. can provide index n=1-δ+iβ an object (dense plasma, for example) placed in beam by independently measuring both δ β, which are directly related to electron density n(e) coefficient μ, respectively. Since β depend on effective atomic number Z(eff), map be obtained from ratio between absorption...
X-ray phase-contrast techniques can measure electron density gradients in high-energy-density plasmas through refraction induced phase shifts. An 8 keV Talbot-Lau interferometer consisting of free standing ultrathin gratings was deployed at an ultra-short, high-intensity laser system using K-shell emission from a 1-30 J, ps pulse focused on thin Cu foil targets. Grating survival demonstrated for 30 pulses. The first x-ray deflectometry images obtained under backlighting showed up to 25%...
Talbot-Lau x-ray interferometry is a grating-based phase-contrast technique, which enables measurement of refractive index changes in matter with micrometric spatial resolution. The technique has been established using variety hard sources, including synchrotron, free-electron lasers, and tubes, could be used the optical range for low-density plasmas. tremendous development table-top high-power lasers makes use high-intensity, laser-driven K-alpha sources appealing interferometer...
Moiré fringe deflectometry with grating interferometers is a technique that enables refraction-based x-ray imaging using single exposure of an object. To obtain the refraction image, method requires reference pattern (without object). Our study shows that, in order to avoid artifacts, must be exactly matched phase object pattern. In experiments, however, it difficult produce perfectly due unavoidable interferometer drifts. We present simple patterns phase-scan procedure generate synthetic...
We report on results from experiments using laser-cut X shaped foils (or foil X-pinches) driven by the 250 kA, 150 ns rise-time GenASIS Linear Transformer Driver. Optical probing of X-pinches shows considerable dynamic and qualitative similarity with more traditional wire X-pinches. Results demonstrate excellent quality X-ray emission flux, timing, source size. The offer advantages such as improved, reproducible cross-point symmetry, opportunity for rep-rated operation, which is not possible...
Talbot-Lau x-ray interferometry is a refraction-based diagnostic that can map electron density gradients through phase-contrast methods. The deflectometry (TXD) diagnostics have been deployed in several high energy experiments. To improve performance, monochromatic TXD was implemented on the Multi-Tera Watt (MTW) laser using 8 keV multilayer mirrors (Δθ/θ = 4.5%-5.6%). Copper foil and wire targets were irradiated at 1014-1015 W/cm2. Laser pulse length (∼10 to 80 ps) backlighter target...
Some recent results concerning the synthesis of carbon nanostructures in a thermal plasma generating by torch are presented. Several tests were carried out different operational conditions. The was formed with argon and gas mixtures argon-acetylene or argon-methane to which some catalyst materials (ferrocene cerium oxide) added. These catalysts introduced into solid (powder) or/and gaseous state. Their feeding rate jet fixed along other operating conditions such as power, flow reactor...
Talbot-Lau x-ray interferometry has been implemented to map electron density gradients in High Energy Density Physics (HEDP) experiments. X-ray backlighter targets have evaluated for Deflectometry (TXD). Cu foils, wires, and sphere irradiated by 10–150 J, 8–30 ps laser pulses, while two pulsed-power generators (∼350 kA, 350 ns ∼200 150 ns) driven wire, hybrid, laser-cut x-pinches. A plasma ablation front generated the Omega EP was imaged first time through TXD densities >1023 cm−3....
Talbot-Lau X-ray deflectometry (TXD) has been developed as an electron density diagnostic for High Energy Density (HED) plasmas. The technique can deliver x-ray refraction, attenuation, elemental composition, and scatter information from a single Moiré image. An 8 keV interferometer was deployed using laser x-pinch backlighters. Grating survival mapping were demonstrated 25–29 J, 8–30 ps pulses copper foil targets. pattern formation grating also observed driven at 400 kA, ∼1 kA/ns. These...
Electron beams produced by the hollow cathode effect are studied in a compact gas filled 24-kV, 5-kA capillary discharge. The characteristics and role of electron on X-ray production order to better understand their impact production. plasma emission is analyzed with spectrometer, while wideband diodes Faraday cup probe both X-rays. >5 keV observed early discharge two types identified: first beam high energy low current (with speed ~5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...
A fast nanosecond capillary discharge for repetition rate operation has been designed and tested. Operated in Ar Ar/He mixtures X-ray emission from ionization stages VIII to XII have observed according dimensions operating voltages. Intense electron beams are formed as a result of the transient hollow cathode effect. The characteristics presented capillaries two lengths, 21 26 mm, at three diameters, 0.8, 1.6 3.2 mm. In addition, time resolved observations allow comparison theory experiment...