A5079344485- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Soil Management and Crop Yield
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Clay minerals and soil interactions
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Phosphorus and nutrient management
- Agriculture, Soil, Plant Science
- Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement
- Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Nitrogen and Sulfur Effects on Brassica
- Research in Cotton Cultivation
- Growth and nutrition in plants
- Sugarcane Cultivation and Processing
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Arsenic contamination and mitigation
- Mine drainage and remediation techniques
- Agricultural Science and Fertilization
National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment
2013-2024
Agricultural Research Service
2012-2023
United States Geological Survey
2021
University of Iowa
2021
Iowa State University
2007-2021
Iowa Department of Natural Resources
2021
Iowa Geological Survey
2021
United States Department of Agriculture
2003-2011
Louisiana State University Agricultural Center
1993-2003
Louisiana State University
1990-1994
The correlation of runoff phosphorus (P) with water-extractable (WEP) in land-applied manures and biosolids has spurred wide use WEP as a water quality indicator. Land managers, planners, researchers need common protocol to consistently nutrient management. Our objectives were (i) identify sufficient accuracy precision be adopted by commercial testing laboratories (ii) confirm that the is reliable index P. Ten across North America evaluated alternative protocols an array manure samples. A...
Agroecosystems in the upper Mississippi River Basin are highly productive but often contribute to deterioration of water quality and greenhouse gas emissions. Cover cropping no-till conservation strategies implemented reduce environmental impact these agroecosystems. However, using multiple can lead systemwide interactions that not fully understood. These affect only metrics, such as subsurface drainage nitrate losses or nitrous oxide (N2 O) emissions, also may influence crop production...
Plant species differ in nutrient uptake efficiency. With a pot experiment, we evaluated potassium (K) efficiency of maize (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) grown on low-K soil. Sugar maintained higher shoot K concentrations, indicating Wheat acquired more because greater root length to dry weight ratio. accumulated as result 3- 4-fold influx compared maize, respectively. Nutrient model NST 3.0 closely predicted when 250 mg kg−1 were added the soil, but...
Injection of liquid swine manure disturbs surface soil so that runoff from treated lands can transport sediment and nutrients to waters. We determined the effect two application methods on P fate in a corn ( Zea mays L.)–soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production system, with without winter rye Secale cereale L.)–oat Avena sativa L.) cover crop. Treatments included: i) no manure; ii) knife injection; iii) low‐disturbance injection, each Simulated rainfall was analyzed for dissolved...
Core Ideas Trade‐offs exist in nutrient losses for soil health management. Combining practices and other BMPs can exacerbate or mitigate P losses. There are limitations of reducing Educators should discuss BMP trade‐offs associated with loss. Soil has gained widespread attention agronomic conservation communities due to its many purported benefits, including claims that implementation core (e.g., tillage, cover crops) will improve water quality by curtailing runoff nutrients such as...
Abstract Separate studies found canola tolerant to arsenic (As) when grown in hydroponic solutions and generally sensitive As soil. Fourteen‐day‐old was transferred pots containing either soil or nutrient solution then for an additional 14 days a growth chamber at different times the two media. Plants were 0.25‐strength Hoagland's 0, 0.27, 6.67, 13.3μM three soils with added rates of 0,5, 10 mg.kg‐1. Soil‐solution concentrations determined via column displacement same less (0.147 4.27μM)...
Abstract Soil P supply to plant roots increases after addition of fertilizer due both the increase in soil solution ( l ) and adsorbed s that equilibrates rapidly with . Little information is available on effect added concurrent The objective this research was investigate relation between 33 soils. Surface soils collected from U. S. Canada were equilibrated moist for three weeks seven rates ranging 0 655 mg kg −1 High application occur where placed a small fraction soil. Values obtained...
Monitoring runoff at field edges can show how cropping systems and conservation practices affect hydrology water quality. Multi-year records are needed to characterize these effects, because of the variable, ephemeral nature rainfall-runoff events. This study compared phosphorus (P) losses from two fields in central Iowa 2000 through 2010. Both were managed same three-year, corn (Zea mays L.)–corn–soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) rotation, but one received applications swine manure for each...
One of the most frequent producer-asked questions to those persons striving secure sustainable corn (Zea mays L.) stover feedstock supplies for Iowa’s new bioenergy conversion or other bio-product facilities is “what quantity nutrients will be removed if I harvest my stover?” Our objective summarize six years field research from central Iowa, U.S.A. where more than 600, 1.5 m2 samples were collected by hand and divided into four plant fractions: vegetative material ear shank upward (top),...
Phosphorus (P) budgets can be useful tools for understanding nutrient cycling and quantifying the effectiveness of management planning policies; however, uncertainties in agricultural are not often quantitatively assessed. The objective this study was to evaluate uncertainty P fluxes (fertilizer/manure application, atmospheric deposition, irrigation, crop removal, surface runoff, leachate) propagation these annual budgets. Data from 56 cropping systems P-FLUX database, which spans diverse...
Nitrate-N losses from artificially drained agricultural fields lead to an acceleration of eutrophication and hypoxia in aquatic ecosystems. Adoption conservation practices, such as cover crops woodchip bioreactors, can significantly reduce nitrate improve water quality. However, the long-term performance these practices their effect on quality has not been sufficiently quantified. A replicated plot experiment was initiated quantify effectiveness nitrate-N removal rates subsurface tile...
Livestock grazing in the Midwestern United States can result significant levels of runoff sediment and nutrient losses to surface water resources. Some these contaminants increase stream eutrophication are suspected contributing hypoxic conditions Gulf Mexico. This research quantified effects livestock management practices vegetative filter strip buffers on depth mass total solids, nitrate-nitrogen (NO<sub>3</sub>-N), ortho-phosphorus (PO<sub>4</sub>-P) under natural hydrologic conditions....
Core Ideas In no‐till continuous corn, cover crops increased potentially mineralizable N. Particulate organic matter C responded to tillage and residue removal at 0 5 cm. Stover for yr negatively affected 2 of 12 measured soil properties. Monitoring health indicators (SHI) will help ensure that corn ( Zea mays L.) stover harvest is sustainable. This study examines SHI changes after growing with either chisel plow or no‐tillage practices harvesting 0, ∼35, ∼60% the stover. Two treatments a...
Louisiana sugarcane ( Saccharum spp.) is produced mainly on heavy‐textured soils that offer less than ideal conditions for growth and function of the root system. Cultural practices improve soil environment could benefit production by increasing reducing incidence ratoon decline. The objective our research was to determine effect gypsum composted, municipal‐biosolids application growth, crop yields, leaf nutrient concentrations grown a silty clay loam soil. Gypsum mixed into rows at 2.24,...
Livestock grazing of riparian areas can have a major impact on stream banks and integrity if improperly managed. The goals this study were to determine the sediment phosphorus (P) losses from bank soils under varying cattle stocking rates identify additional factors that erosion in southern Iowa Drift Plain. research was conducted 13 cooperating beef cow-calf farms within Rathbun Lake Watershed south central Iowa. Over three years, estimated by using an pin method. Eroded lengths area, soil...
Erosion and runoff from pastures may lead to degradation of surface water. A 2-yr grazing study was conducted quantify the effects management on sediment, phosphorus (P), pathogen loading streams in cool-season grass pastures. Six adjoining 12.1-ha bisected by a stream central Iowa were divided into three treatments: continuous stocking with unrestricted access (CSU), restricted (CSR), rotational (RS). Rainfall simulations banks resulted greater ( < 0.10) proportions applied precipitation...
Sediments in streams that drain agricultural watersheds may be sinks can adsorb P from the stream or sources release to stream. Sediment characteristics and environmental factors, including oxidation-reduction (redox) potential of water associated with sediment, determine whether will adsorbed released by sediment. We investigated adsorption four sediments [three Holocene-age (Camp Creek, Roberts Creek Gunder) as well Pre-Illinoian-age Till] occur Walnut a second-order Jasper County, Iowa,...