Ann‐Marie Fortuna
A5035658688- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Agriculture, Soil, Plant Science
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Phosphorus and nutrient management
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
- Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
- Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Soil Management and Crop Yield
Agricultural Research Service
2003-2024
Grazinglands Research Laboratory
2018-2024
United States Department of Agriculture
2021-2023
Kansas State University
2021
North Dakota State University
2012-2018
Dakota State University
2018
Washington State University
2008-2017
University of Maine
2003-2005
New Mexico State University
2005
University of Arkansas at Fayetteville
2005
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is closely tied to soil health. However, additional biological indicators may also provide insight about C dynamics and microbial activity. We used SOC the other (potential mineralization, permanganate oxidizable C, water extractable β-glucosidase enzyme activity) from North American Project Evaluate Health Measurements examine continental-scale drivers of these indicators, relationships among effects health practices on indicator values. All had greater values at...
Cover crop benefits include nitrogen accumulation and retention, weed suppression, organic matter maintenance, reduced erosion. Organic farmers need region-specific information on winter cover performance to effectively integrate crops into their rotations. Our research objective was compare seeding mixtures, planting dates, termination dates of rye (Secale cereale L.) hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) monocultures mixtures in the maritime Pacific Northwest USA. The study included four seed...
Aggregate stability is a commonly used indicator of soil health because improvements in aggregate are related to reduced erodibility and improved soil–water dynamics. During the past 80 90 years, numerous methods have been developed assess stability. Limited comparisons among resulted varied magnitudes response management practices influences inherent properties climate. It not clear whether selection specific method creates any advantage investigator. This study assessed four measuring...
Abstract Currently accepted pedotransfer functions show negligible effect of management‐induced changes to soil organic carbon (SOC) on plant available water holding capacity (θ AWHC ), while some studies the ability substantially increase θ through management. The Soil Health Institute's North America Project Evaluate Measurements measured content at field using intact cores across 124 long‐term research sites that contained increases in SOC as a result management treatments such reduced...
Abstract Farmers, scientists, and other soil health stakeholders require interpretable indicators of hydraulic function. Determining which to use has been difficult because measurement disconformity, spatial temporal variability, recently established treatments, the effect site characteristics on management practice differences. The North American Project Evaluate Soil Health Measurements includes 124 sites uniformly sampled across a range practices in America 2019. We compare recommend...
Potential carbon mineralization (Cmin) is a commonly used indicator of soil health, with greater Cmin values interpreted as healthier soil. While are typically in agricultural soils managed minimal physical disturbance, the mechanisms driving increases remain poorly understood. This study assessed bacterial and archaeal community structure potential microbial drivers maintained under various degrees disturbance. mineralization, 16S rRNA sequences, characterization data were collected part...
Abstract Various soil health indicators that measure a chemically defined fraction of nitrogen (N) or process related to N cycling have been proposed quantify the potential supply crops, key function. We evaluated five (total N, autoclavable citrate extractable water‐extractable organic potentially mineralizable and ‐acetyl‐β‐ D ‐glucosaminidase activity) at 124 sites with long‐term experiments across North America evaluating variety managements. found 59%–81% variation in was among sites,...
Both enzymatic hydrolysis and solution (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy have been used to characterize P compounds in animal manures. In this study, we comparatively investigated forms 0.25 M NaOH/0.05 EDTA extracts of dairy poultry manures by the two methods. For manure, revealed that majority extracted was inorganic (56%), with 10% phytate-like P, 9% simple monoester 6% polynucleotide-like 18% non-hydrolyzable P. Similar results were obtained NMR spectroscopy, which...
Abstract Organic cropping systems that utilize winter grown cereal–legume cover crop mixtures can increase plant available nitrogen (N) to a subsequent cash crop, but the rate of N release is uncertain due variations in residue composition and environmental conditions. A study was conducted evaluate availability from rye ( Secale cereale L.)–hairy vetch Vicia villosa Roth) measure response organically sweet corn Zea mays L.) provided by mixtures. Nitrogen pure rye, hairy vetch, rye–vetch...
Biosolids have the potential to improve degraded soils in grain-fallow rotations. Our objectives were determine if repeated biosolids applications wheat ( L.)-fallow could supply adequate but not excessive N for grain production and increase soil C without creating a high risk of P loss. A replicated on-farm experiment was established 1994 central Washington, comparing anaerobically digested with anhydrous NH zero-N control. applied at 5, 7, 9 Mg ha every fourth year through 2010...
Repeated applications of biosolids provide long-term benefits by increasing soil organic matter and N supply but can cause excess accumulation P. Our objective was to determine the residual effects repeated surface on availability fate, tall fescue ( Schreb.) response, C, A field experiment started in 1993 compare two products, each applied at three rates (6.7, 13.4, 20.1 Mg ha yr), with synthetic fertilizer (0 403 kg yr as ammonium nitrate). Treatments were for 10 yr, followed a 9-yr period...
The present study quantifies the transport of Escherichia coli pathogenic O157:H7 and nonpathogenic K12 strains in water-saturated Quincy sand (QS) columns amended with oxidized (OX) or unoxidized (UO) pine wood (PW) bark (PB) biochar produced at either 350 600 °C. Our results showed that (1) addition into QS enhanced E. by 3.1 fold compared to counterparts, likely because an increase repulsive forces due their higher negative charge densities. (2) retention was 3.3 than all biochar-amended...
Accurately characterizing phosphorus (P) forms is a prerequisite to developing effective remediation strategies minimize the adverse environmental impact of agricultural expansion. Modified or unmodified Hedley sequential fractionation procedures have been widely used for P in soil, animal manure, and biosolids. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) fractions these often assumed contain no organic P. As result, many researchers last two decades measured concentrations inorganic HCl without measuring In...
Abstract The fertility and soil health of organic agroecosystems are determined in part by the size turnover rate carbon (C) nitrogen (N) pools. Our research contrasts effects best management practices (BMP) (reduction disturbance, addition amendments) on C N cycling soils from two field sites representing five agroecosystems. Total (SOC), a standard measure health, contains equal amounts biologically non-biologically active that is not associated with release mineral N. A three-pool...
Current gaps impeding researchers from developing a soil and watershed health nexus include design of long-term field-scale experiments statistical methodologies that link indicators (SHI) with water quality (WQI). Land cover is often used to predict WQI but may not reflect the effects previous management such as legacy fertilizer applications, disturbance, shifts in plant populations) texture. Our research objectives were use nonparametric Spearman rank-order correlations identify SHI...
Phosphorus (P) budgets can be useful tools for understanding nutrient cycling and quantifying the effectiveness of management planning policies; however, uncertainties in agricultural are not often quantitatively assessed. The objective this study was to evaluate uncertainty P fluxes (fertilizer/manure application, atmospheric deposition, irrigation, crop removal, surface runoff, leachate) propagation these annual budgets. Data from 56 cropping systems P-FLUX database, which spans diverse...
Management practices that influence the quantity of C inputs returned to soil from cropping systems and compost applications alter subsequent biotic activity broadly, contribute seasonal fluctuations in nutrient dynamics, may increase sequestration. The effects crop rotations on soil-C sequestration decompostion, turnover time C4-derived corn were assessed via changes content 13C values particulate organic matter (POM) total (SOC). majority entered POM fraction, defined as sand-sized...
Residue from cultivars of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), winter wheat, and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was characterized for fiber nutrient traits using reference methods near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Calibration models were developed neutral detergent (NDF), acid (ADF), lignin (ADL), carbon (C), sulfur (S), nitrogen (N), C:N. When calibrations tested against validation sets each crop year, NIRS an acceptable method predicting NDF (standard error prediction (SEP) < 0.87; R2 >...