A5016638586- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Magneto-Optical Properties and Applications
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Photonic and Optical Devices
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Mechanical and Optical Resonators
- Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Optical Polarization and Ellipsometry
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques
- Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
- Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing
- Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Climate variability and models
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Magnetic properties of thin films
NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research
2014-2023
Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling
2016-2020
Research Applications (United States)
2006-2007
National Institute of Standards and Technology
1990-2005
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
2005
University of Colorado Boulder
1997-1998
United States Department of Commerce
1993
University of Arizona
1987-1989
Tropical carbon emissions are largely derived from direct forest clearing processes. Yet, drought-induced fires are, usually, not included in national-level emission inventories. Here we examine Brazilian Amazon drought impacts on fire incidence and associated over the period 2003-2015. We show that despite a 76% decline deforestation rates past 13 years, increased by 36% during 2015 compared to preceding 12 years. The had largest ever ratio of active counts deforestation, with occurring an...
Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) is a new remote sensing instrument aboard Earth Observing System (EOS) “Terra” satellite which exploits gas correlation radiometry principles to quantify tropospheric concentrations carbon monoxide (CO) and methane (CH 4 ). The MOPITT CO retrieval algorithm employs nonlinear optimal estimation method iteratively solve for profile statistically most consistent with both satellite‐measured radiances priori information. algorithm's...
Biomass burning is a major source of pollution in the tropical Southern Hemisphere, and fine mode carbonaceous particles are produced by same combustion processes that emit carbon monoxide (CO). In this paper we examine these emissions with data from Terra satellite, CO profiles Measurement Pollution Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument, fine‐mode aerosol optical depth (AOD) Moderate‐Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The satellite measurements used conjunction calculations MOZART...
Abstract. Atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO) distributions are controlled by anthropogenic emissions, biomass burning, transport and oxidation reaction with the hydroxyl radical (OH). Quantifying trends in CO is therefore important for understanding changes related to all of these contributions. Here we present a comprehensive record satellite observations from 2000 through 2011 total column using available measurements nadir-viewing thermal infrared instruments: MOPITT, AIRS, TES IASI. We...
Abstract. The Community Atmosphere Model (CAM), version 5, is now coupled to extensive tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry, called CAM5-chem, available in addition CAM4-chem the Earth System (CESM) 1.2. main focus of this paper compare performance configurations with internally derived "free running" (FR) meteorology "specified dynamics" (SD) against observations from surface, aircraft, satellite, as well understand origin identified differences. We on representation aerosols chemistry....
Abstract. Atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations have been decreasing since 2000, as observed by both satellite- and ground-based instruments, but global bottom-up emission inventories estimate increasing anthropogenic CO emissions concurrently. In this study, we use a multi-species atmospheric Bayesian inversion approach to attribute satellite-observed variations its sources sinks in order achieve full closure of the budget during 2000–2017. Our observation constraints include...
Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) satellite and ground-based carbon monoxide (CO) measurements both suggest a widespread downward trend CO concentrations over East Asia during period 2005–2016. This negative is inconsistent with global bottom-up inventories emissions, which show small increase or stable emissions this region. We try to reconcile observed emission using an atmospheric inversion MOPITT data that estimates from primary sources, secondary production, chemical...
Extreme wildfires are becoming more common and increasingly affecting Earth's climate. Wildfires in boreal forests have attracted much less attention than those tropical forests, although one of the most extensive biomes on Earth experiencing fastest warming. We used a satellite-based atmospheric inversion system to monitor fire emissions forests. rapidly expanding into with emerging warmer drier seasons. Boreal fires, typically accounting for 10% global carbon dioxide emissions, contributed...
Following past studies to quantify decadal trends in global carbon monoxide (CO) using satellite observations, we update estimates and find a CO trend column amounts of about −0.50 % per year between 2002 2018, which is deceleration compared analyses performed on shorter records that found −1 year. Aerosols are co-emitted with from both fires anthropogenic sources but lifetime than CO. A combined analysis aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements space helps diagnose the drivers regional...
Measurements from the Terra satellite launched in December of 1999 provide a global record recent interannual variability tropospheric air quality: carbon monoxide (CO) Measurement Pollution Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument and aerosol optical depth (AOD) Moderate‐Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). This paper compares contrasts these data sets with view to understanding general features overall pollutant loading Northern Hemisphere (NH). We present detailed examination seasonal...
Satellite observations of carbon monoxide (CO) from the Measurements Pollution in Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument are combined with measurements Transport and Chemical Evolution Over Pacific (TRACE‐P) aircraft mission over northwest a global three‐dimensional chemical transport model (GEOS‐CHEM) to quantify Asian pollution outflow its trans‐Pacific during spring 2001. Global CO column distributions MOPITT GEOS‐CHEM highly correlated ( R 2 = 0.87), no significant bias. The largest regional...
Validation of the Measurements Pollution in Troposphere (MOPITT) retrievals carbon monoxide (CO) has been performed with a varied set correlative data. These include situ observations from regular program aircraft at five sites ranging Arctic to tropical South Pacific Ocean. Additional profiles are available several short‐term research campaigns situated over North and America, Africa, Oceans. measurements crucial component validation retrieved CO columns MOPITT. The current results indicate...
Using both thermal infrared (TIR) and near (NIR) channels of MOPITT (Measurements Pollution in the Troposphere) on EOS‐Terra, we demonstrate first coincident multispectral retrievals carbon monoxide (CO) from space. Exploiting TIR NIR has been possible due to recent progress characterizing channel radiance errors. This allowed us trade off sensitivity surface CO for larger random errors combined retrieval. By examining retrieval diagnostics such as DFS (degrees freedom signal) averaging...
Vertical profiles of carbon monoxide (CO) concentration and corresponding total column values derived from measurements made by the Measurements Pollution in Troposphere (MOPITT) satellite instrument are now being processed operationally with “version 4” (V4) retrieval algorithm. This algorithm exploits results analyses situ data, chemical transport modeling, radiative transfer modeling MOPITT postlaunch era. Improvements V4 product evident both clean polluted conditions. The new products...
Abstract Validation results are reported for the MOPITT (Measurements of Pollution in Troposphere) “Version 5” (V5) product tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO) and compared to 4” product. The V5 retrieval algorithm introduces (1) a method reducing bias drift associated with long‐term instrumental degradation, (2) more exact representation effects random errors radiances and, first time, (3) use MOPITT's near‐infrared (NIR) complement thermal‐infrared (TIR) radiances. Exploiting TIR NIR...
Abstract. Long-term measurements from satellites and surface stations have demonstrated a decreasing trend of tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO) in the Northern Hemisphere over past decade. Likely explanations for this decrease include changes anthropogenic, fires, and/or biogenic emissions or primary chemical sink hydroxyl radical (OH). Using remotely sensed CO Measurement Pollution Troposphere (MOPITT) satellite instrument, situ methyl chloroform (MCF) World Data Centre Greenhouse Gases...
The sensitivity of Measurements Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) observations to carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations lower troposphere (LT) varies widely as result variability thermal contrast conditions. This effect is evident both MOPITT weighting functions and averaging kernels, particularly after these quantities are properly normalized remove grid effects. Comparisons simulated kernels with operational data confirm significance Retrieval LT CO greatest daytime over land, tropical...
Abstract. The MOPITT (Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere) satellite instrument has been making nearly continuous observations atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO) since 2000. Satellite CO are routinely used to analyze emissions from fossil fuels and biomass burning, as well transport those emissions. Recent enhancements retrieval algorithm have resulted release version 8 (V8) product. V8 products benefit updated spectroscopic data for water vapor nitrogen develop operational radiative...
Abstract. Comparisons of aircraft measurements carbon monoxide (CO) to the retrievals CO using observations from Measurements Pollution in The Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument onboard Terra satellite are presented. Observations made as part NASA INTEX-B and NSF MIRAGE field campaigns during March–May 2006 used validate MOPITT retrievals, along with routine samples 2001 through NOAA MOZAIC commercial aircraft. A significant positive bias, around 20% for total column CO, was found comparison...
Abstract. The MOPITT (Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere) satellite instrument has been making observations atmospheric carbon monoxide since 2000. Recent enhancements to retrieval algorithm have resulted release version 7 (V7) product. Improvements include (1) representation growing concentrations N2O, (2) use meteorological fields from MERRA-2 (Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications) reanalysis entire mission (instead MERRA), (3) MODIS...
Abstract. The Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) Version 6 (V6) product for carbon monoxide (CO) incorporates several enhancements which will benefit many users MOPITT data. V6 algorithm improvements are described detail, and validation results presented. First, a geolocation bias related to orientation instrument relative TERRA platform was characterized eliminated. Second, variable priori CO concentrations is based on simulations performed with chemical transport model...
Urban areas are large sources of several air pollutants, with carbon monoxide (CO) among the largest. Yet measurement from space their CO emissions remains elusive due to its long lifetime. Here we introduce a new method estimating relative changes in over megacities. A multichannel Measurements Pollution Troposphere (MOPITT) data product, offering improved sensitivity boundary layer, is used estimate this change eight megacities: Moscow, Paris, Mexico, Tehran, Baghdad, Los Angeles, Sao...
Abstract Rising emissions from wildfires over recent decades in the Pacific Northwest are known to counteract reductions human-produced aerosol pollution North America. Since amplified predicted under accelerating climate change, it is essential understand both local and transported contributions air Here, we find corresponding increases for carbon monoxide emitted observe significant impacts on down-wind pollution. Between 2002 2018, atmospheric abundance increased August, while other...
Abstract. Characteristics of the Version 9 (V9) MOPITT (Measurements Pollution in Troposphere) satellite retrieval product for tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO) are described. The new V9 includes many CO retrievals over land which, previous versions, would have been discarded by cloud detection algorithm. Globally, number daytime has increased 30 %–40 % relative to 8 product, although increase coverage exhibits significant geographical variability. Areas benefiting from improved performance...
The MOPITT (Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere) remote sensing instrument monitors global distribution carbon monoxide from a polar‐orbiting platform. Calculated averaging kernels for operational CO profiles indicate capability independently retrieving mid‐ and upper‐tropospheric CO. information content retrievals is objectively quantified through calculation Degrees Freedom Signal (DFS), which indicates number independent pieces retrieved profile. DFS values larger than 1...