Activated protein C (APC), an important natural anticoagulant, inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production and attenuates various deleterious events induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), contributing thereby to a significant reduction of mortality in patients with severe sepsis. In this study, we investigated the mechanism(s) which APC TNF-alpha LPS-stimulated human monocytes vitro. Although inhibited LPS-induced concentration-dependent fashion, diisopropyl...

Microlissencephaly is a subtype of congenital microcephaly characterized by extreme with simplified gyral pattern. Other brain malformations may accompany it. WDR81 encodes multi-domain transmembrane protein that predominantly expressed in the and thought to play role endolysosomal trafficking autophagy. We reported two siblings microlissencephaly born consanguineous Turkish parents reviewed all previously patients variants presenting severe accompanied malformations. Whole-exome sequencing...

Erythropoietin (Epo) exerts neuroprotective, glioprotective, and vascular protective effects in the nervous system. However, mechanisms of cytoprotective effect Epo have not been fully clarified. Here, we investigated whether affects transcription activation nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (Nrf2), which is a key cellular anti-oxidant defense system, mRNA expression its target genes including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). was added to SH-SY5Y cells at 1 U mL(-1) cultures were incubated for 24...

Gabexate mesilate, a synthetic protease inhibitor, was shown to be effective in treating patients with sepsis-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation which tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays critical role. We demonstrated that gabexate mesilate reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tissue injury by inhibiting TNF-α production rats. In the present study, we analyzed mechanism(s) inhibits LPS-induced human monocytes vitro. inhibited of stimulated LPS. both binding nuclear...

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation causes damage the skin and induces photoaging. UV stimulates production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, which results in activation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) fibroblasts. MAPKs are responsible for activator protein-1 (AP-1), subsequently upregulates expression matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Melatonin is a potent free radical scavenger known have photoprotective effects. The aim this study...

An axillary (axillopectoral) muscle (arch) was observed extending between the upper border of latissimus dorsi and lower pectoralis major muscles in a 48-year-old male cadaver during our dissections. In same cadaver, has entirely inserted into most distal part tendon deltoideus.

We previously reported that antithrombin (AT) reduced ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced liver injury in rats by increasing endothelial production of prostacyclin (PGI2). However, the mechanism(s) underlying this phenomenon remains to be fully elucidated. also demonstrated activation capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons increased PGI2 releasing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) subjected hepatic I/R. In present study, we investigated whether AT increases through significantly enhanced...

People living in Mediterranean countries are mostly exposed to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation that damages skin and results photoaging which involves activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) downstream signal transduction through mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) fibroblasts. Generation reactive oxygen/nitrogen species by UV is also critical for EGFR MAPKs activation. responsible AP-1 subunits the nucleus induce matrix metalloproteinases. Melatonin, along with its...

Endothelial cells lining the inner blood vessel walls play a key role in response to hypoxia, which is frequently encountered clinical conditions such as myocardial infarction, renal ischemia and cerebral ischemia. In present study we investigated effects of hypoxia hypoxia/reoxygenation on gelatinases (matrix metalloproteinase-2 -9), their inhibitor (TIMP-2) activator (MT1-MMP), human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVE) cells. HUVE were subjected 4 h or followed by 24 reoxygenation. The pro-...

The main pathophysiology in cerebral ischemia is the structural alteration neurovascular unit, coinciding with matrix degradation. Among human metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-2 and -9, known as gelatinases, are key enzymes for degrading type IV collagen, which major component of basal membrane that surrounds blood vessel. In present study, we investigated effects resveratrol on cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS), gelatinases (MMP-2 -9) microvascular endothelial cells exposed to 6...

The coeliac trunk is a wide branch of the abdominal aorta which arises from just below aortic hiatus. It about 1.25 cm. long (5). In our cadaver length was observed to be 4.5 Additionally inferior phrenic arteries normally arise were derived artery.

A variation of the abductor pollicis longus muscle in a 65 year old cadaver was encountered during routine dissection our department. The found to split into two bellies and give off tendons, one which inserted brevis, opponens flexor brevis muscles. other tendon first metacarpal bone is considered normal insertion site for muscle.

Abstract Four developmental anomalies of the thyroid gland are to be noted: a pyramidal lobe, failure lobes tissue develop, isthmus fuse, and absence significant part lateral lobes. We encountered fuse in midline 48‐year‐old female cadaver. © 1995 WiIey‐Liss, Inc.

In this paper the authors describe and illustrate a rare anatomic variation of ulnar artery, superficial artery. The possible embryologic events responsible for are discussed. addition, they surgical considerations that should be kept in mind when abnormality is encountered clinical setting free-tissue transfer vascularized nerve grafting.

We describe the organization of wet-lab special-study modules (SSMs) in Central Research Laboratory Dokuz Eylül Medical School, Izmir, Turkey with aim discussing scientific, laboratory, and pedagogical aspects this educational activity. A general introduction to planning functioning these SSMs is given, along specific examples. The incorporate several innovative pedagogies: problem-based learning, research-based practical laboratory education, team-based project-based learning. Oral written...

Abstract The definite diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is based on post mortem pathological examination. To date, there no laboratory test that can discriminate AD patients from healthy individuals. In the perspective recent knowledge, are three cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers which have highest sensitivity and specificity: A β 1–40 , 1–42 p‐tau. present study, 15 ‘Probable Disease’ (PAD) control subjects were included. PAD selected Dokuz Eylül University Neurology Department Dementia...

The superior thoracic and lateral arteries usually arise from the axillary artery as first second branches, respectively. Although anomalies have been described, no reports of a reversal order origin found. In two cadaveric dissections, was found to cephalad artery. Clin. Anat. 10:394–396, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.