A5074373170- Retinopathy of Prematurity Studies
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Gene expression and cancer classification
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Language and cultural evolution
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Cancer Studies
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences
- Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience
- Morphological variations and asymmetry
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Family Dynamics and Relationships
Stanford University
1997-2024
Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute
2021-2024
Laboratoire de Biochimie
2006
University of California, Berkeley
2005
University of Washington
1999
University of Cambridge
1994
Haploinsufficiency is defined as a dominant phenotype in diploid organisms that are heterozygous for loss-of-function allele. Despite its relevance to human disease, neither the extent of haploinsufficiency nor precise molecular mechanisms well understood. We used complete set Saccharomyces cerevisiae deletion strains survey genome via fitness profiling rich (YPD) and minimal media identify all genes confer haploinsufficient growth defect. This assay revealed approximately 3% 5900 tested...
We demonstrate the efficacy of a genome-wide protocol in yeast that allows identification those gene products functionally interact with small molecules and result inhibition cellular proliferation. Here we present results from screening 10 diverse compounds 80 experiments against complete collection heterozygous deletion strains. These include anticancer antifungal agents, statins, alverine citrate, dyclonine. In several cases, identified previously known interactions; furthermore, each...
All organisms have elaborate mechanisms to control rates of protein production. However, production is also subject stochastic fluctuations, or "noise." Several recent studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli investigated the relationship between transcription translation fluctuations levels, more generally, how such randomness a function intrinsic extrinsic factors. fundamental question whether stochasticity expression generally biologically relevant has not been addressed,...
Using solely a gene-based procedure, PCR amplification of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene coupled with very deep sequencing amplified products, microbes on 20 human vaginal epithelia healthy women have been identified and quantitated. The Lactobacillus content these was highly variable, ranging from 0% to 100%. For four subjects, (virtually) only bacterium detected. However, that far clonal mixture species strains. Eight subjects presented complex mixtures other microbes. remaining eight had no ....
The evolutionary rates of proteins vary over several orders magnitude. Recent work suggests that analysis large data sets in conjunction with the results from high-throughput functional genomic experiments can identify factors cause to evolve at such dramatically different rates. To this end, we estimated >3,000 four species yeast genus Saccharomyces and investigated their relationship levels expression protein dispensability. Each protein's dispensability was by growth rate mutants...
A model for haploid asexual inheritance of social and individual learning is proposed. Animals one genotype, learners (IL), behave optimally the current environment and, except a fixed cost due to errors, have optimal fitness in that environment. other genotype are (SL) each whom copies random from previous generation. However, phenotype learner depends on it copies. If an IL or correctly behaving SL, has "correct" phenogenotype, SLC. Otherwise, its behavior wrong we call phenogenotype...
In haploinsufficiency profiling data, pleiotropic genes are often misclassified by clustering algorithms that impose the constraint a gene or experiment belong to only one cluster. We have developed general probabilistic model clusters and experiments without requiring given drug appear in The also incorporates functional annotation of known guide procedure.We applied our 79 chemogenomic yeast. Known PDR5 MAL11 more accurately represented than procedure requires single Drugs such as...
The evolutionary consequences of culturally transmitted practices that cause differential mortality between the sexes, thereby distorting sex ratio (e.g., female infanticide and sex-selective abortion), are explored using dynamic models gene-culture coevolution. We investigate how a preference for offspring may affect selection genes primary ratio. Sex-dependent differences in have been predicted to select male- or female-biased ratio, no effect, favor either under different circumstances....
Cultural preferences for the sex of offspring may produce behavior, such as female infanticide, sex-selective abortion and parental investment, which alter ratio in a population. Empirical evidence suggests that some genetic sex-ratio distorters are located on chromosomes. Interactions between cultural sex-linked examined. Criteria spread sex-chromosomal distorter alleles derived analytically, coevolution is examined through numerical iteration. Evolutionary equilibria trajectories...
Abstract Genomic instability is a major feature of neoplastic development in colorectal carcinoma and other cancers. Specific genomic events, such as deletions chromosomes alterations gene copy number, have potential utility biologically relevant prognostic biomarkers. For example, on chromosome arm 18q are an indicator behavior potentially useful indicator. Adapting novel technology called molecular inversion probes which can determine alterations, deletions, we designed set to interrogate...
A highly discriminative and information-rich diagnostic assay for H5N1 avian influenza would meet immediate patient care needs provide valuable information public health interventions, e.g., tracking of new more dangerous variants by geographic area as well avian-to-human or human-to-human transmission. In the present study, we have designed a rapid based on multilocus nucleic acid sequencing that focuses biologically significant regions hemagglutinin gene. This allows prediction viral...
Abstract Modelling of emerging vector borne diseases serves as an important complement to clinical studies modern zoonoses. This article presents archaeo‐historic epidemiological modelling study Rift Valley fever (RVF), using data‐driven neural network technology. RVF affects both human and animal populations, can rapidly decimate herds causing catastrophic economic hardship, is identified a Category A biodefense pathogen by the US Center for Disease Control. Despite recent origins circa...
Abstract To describe a database of longitudinally graded telemedicine retinal images to be used as comparator for future studies assessing grader recall bias and ability detect typical progression (e.g. International Classification Retinopathy Prematurity (ICROP) stages) well incremental changes in retinopathy prematurity (ROP). Cohort comprised from 84 eyes 42 patients who were sequentially screened ROP over 6 consecutive weeks program then followed vascular maturation or treatment, disease...
Abstract Purpose To compare neonatal eye screening using the red reflex test (RRT) versus wide‐field digital imaging (WFDI) system. Methods Prospective cohort study. Newborns ( n = 380, 760 eyes) in Maternity Ward of Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia São Paulo hospital from May to July 2014 underwent RRT by a paediatrician and WFDI performed authors. Wide‐field images were analysed Validity paediatrician’s was assessed unweighted kappa [κ] statistic, sensitivity, specificity, positive...
Treatment outcomes in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are closely correlated with the location (i.e. zone) disease, more posterior zones having poorer outcomes. The most zone, Zone I, is defined as a circle centered on optic nerve radius twice distance from to fovea, or subtending an angle 30 degrees. Because eye enlarges and undergoes refractive changes during period ROP screening, absolute area I according these definitions may likewise change. It possible that differences confound...
Abstract Five-field 130° wide-angle imaging is the standard of care for retinopathy prematurity (ROP) screening with an ideal hypothetical composite field-of-view (FOV) 180°. We hypothesized that in many real-world scenarios effective FOV considerably less than ideal. This observational retrospective study analyzed fundus photos patients screened ROP as part Stanford University Network Diagnosis Retinopathy Prematurity (SUNDROP) initiative. Five were selected from each eye per image session....
Abstract We used Monte Carlo Markov chain (MCMC) methods to analyze a quantitative trait, MAO level, and discrete Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) alcoholism. Segregation, linkage, haplotype sharing were analyzed effects marker map features examined. For MAO, modest signals found chromosomes 1 17 for raw data, 15 covariate‐adjusted data. alcoholism, strong signal was chromosome with 4 10.
Abstract Identifying and planning treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) using telemedicine is becoming increasingly ubiquitous, necessitating a grading system to help caretakers at-risk infants gauge disease severity. The modified ROP Activity Scale (mROP-ActS) factors zone, stage, plus into its scoring system, addressing the need assessing ROP’s totality binocular burden via indirect ophthalmoscopy. However, there an unmet alternative score which could facilitate identification...