Structural variants (SVs) significantly influence genomic variability and disease, but their accurate analysis across multiple samples sequencing platforms remains challenging. We developed OctopusV, a tool that standardizes ambiguous breakend (BND) annotations into canonical SV types (inversions, duplications, translocations) integrates variant calls using flexible set operations, such as union, intersection, difference, complement, enabling cohort-specific identification. Together with...

Abstract Two populations of Epistylis wuhanensis n. sp., a new freshwater peritrich ciliate, were isolated from different ponds located in Hubei, China. Their morphological characteristics investigated using live observation, protargol impregnation, and scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ). Specimens the two showed identical arrangement infraciliature small subunit ribosomal RNA SSU rRNA ) gene ITS 1‐5.8S‐ 2 sequences. The zooids present bell‐shaped 90–175 × 27–54 μm vivo. Macronucleus is...

Abstract Background Parasite evolution has been conceptualized as a process of genetic loss and simplification. Contrary to this model, there is evidence expansion conservation gene families related essential functions parasitism in some parasite genomes, reminiscent widespread mosaic —where subregions genome have different rates evolutionary change. We found the cnidarian Myxobolus honghuensis , myxozoan fish, with extremely simple morphology. Results compared M. other myxozoans free-living...

Thelohanellus Kudo, 1933 is a species rich genus of Myxosporea, sharing many morphological similarities with Myxobolus but the former possesses single polar capsule, and latter has two. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses, this distinguishing feature not monophyletic, members are intermixed species, calling into question validity Thelohanellus. The occurrence two capsules in small proportion spores as observed study suggests that these have capacity to express Myxobolus-like trait,...

Myxozoans are a group of cnidarian parasites, the present taxonomy which favors more comprehensive characterization strategy combining spore morphology, biological traits (host/organ specificity, tissue tropism), and DNA data over classical morphology-based taxonomy. However, systematist might again run into taxonomic dilemma if than two following exceptional cases were encountered at same time: extensive intraspecific polymorphism, interspecific morphological similarity, identical blurred...

Morphometric data from spores of ten myxosporean species were statistically analysed to explore intraspecific variation in measurements when obtained a sample from: (1) the same plasmodium, (2) different plasmodia host and (3) individuals localities.In some cases, significant differences spore dimensions found between samples highlighting difficulty obtaining representative spore.In addition, site infection compared, suggesting that should come several sampling increase reliability...

During an ongoing systematic survey on species diversity of myxozoans parasitising allogynogenetic gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) in China, plasmodia were detected the fins, lip, jaw, gill chamber, arches, operculum and oral cavity infected fish. Combining morphological molecular data, present was identified as Myxobolus turpisrotundus Zhang, Wang, Li et Gong, 2010. Histopathological examination revealed that despite infecting different organs, M. always occurred dermis,...

Nematocysts are secretory organelles in cnidarians that play important roles predation, defense, locomotion, and host invasion. However, the extent to which nematocysts contribute adaptation mechanisms underlying nematocyst evolution unclear. Here, we investigated role of cnidarian based on eight proteomes 110 transcriptomes/genomes. We detected extensive species-specific adaptive mutations proteins (NEMs) evidence for decentralized evolution, most evolutionary events involved non-core NEMs,...

Myxobolus honghuensis parasitizes the pharynx of allogynogenetic gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch), an economically important food fish with large consumption rates in China. The fact that it is hard to detect cysts formed by M. without euthanizing and spores can reach consumers has prompted us investigate effect on conventional, immunocompetent BALB/c suckling mice, order consider possible pathological effects general ingestion Myxobolus-infected fish. mice were inoculated serial...

Protein reference databases are a critical part of producing efficient proteomic analyses. However, the method for constructing clean, efficient, and comprehensive protein nonmodel organisms is lacking. Existing methods either do not have contamination control procedures, or these rely on three-frame and/or six-frame translation that sharply increases search space need computational resources. Herein, we propose framework customized database (CCPRD) from draft genomes deep sequencing...

Abstract Motivation Neoantigens, tumor-specific protein fragments, are invaluable in cancer immunotherapy due to their ability serve as targets for the immune system. Computational prediction of these neoantigens from sequencing data often requires multiple algorithms and sophisticated workflows, which currently restricted specific types variants, such single-nucleotide variants or insertions/deletions. Nevertheless, other sources overlooked. Results We introduce ScanNeo2 an improved fully...

Edwardsiella tarda, a Gram-negative member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, has been isolated from many animal species worldwide, especially fish species. Its broad host range indicates diversity in taxonomy, which attracted attention researchers. Here, we added genome E. tarda strain freshwater to comparative genomics study for first time. We sequenced and assembled ASE201307 was Asian swamp eel. contained single circular chromosome 3.68M with G+C 57.09% content. Comparative including SNP...

Myxozoa is a speciose group of endoparasitic cnidarians that can cause severe ecological and economic effects. Their cnidarian affinity affirmed by genetic relatedness the presence nematocysts, historically called “polar capsules”. Previous studies have revealed toxin-like proteins in myxozoans; however, diversity evolution venom are not fully understood. Here, we performed comparative analysis using newly sequenced transcriptomes five Myxobolidae species as well some public datasets. Toxin...

Disassembling the parasitic spores and acquiring main subunits is a prerequisite for deep understanding of basic biology parasites. Herein we present fast efficient method to dissect myxospores in few steps, which mainly involved sonication, sucrose density gradient Percoll gradient. We tested our on three myxozoans species demonstrated this allows dismembering myxospores, isolation intact clean nematocysts shell valves within 2h by low-cost. This new tool will facilitate subsequent analyses...

Abstract Myxozoans usually have a complex life cycle involving indirect transmission between vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. The vertical of these parasites in hosts has not been documented so far. Here, we assessed whether the myxozoan parasite Myxobolus honghuensis is vertically transmitted naturally infected allogynogenetic gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch). M. infection broodfish, fertilized eggs laboratory‐cultured progeny was monitored 2018 2019. presporogonic stage...