A comparative bioacustic analysis of vocalizations the prosimian subfamily Galaginae revealed that morphologically similar sibling taxa within main groups lesser galagos and greater can be reliably identified phenotypically on basis acoustic structure their loud call or advertisement call. Results confirm separation two distinct species galagos, Galago crassicaudatus garnettii, strongly suggest discrimination three from senegalensis bushbaby group, senegalensis, moholi Galao zanzibaricus. An...

Emotional contagion enables individuals to experience emotions of others. This important empathic phenomenon is closely linked facial mimicry, where displays evoke the same expressions in social partners. In humans, mimicry can be voluntary or involuntary, whereby its latter mode processed as rapid within at 1 s. Thus far, studies have not provided evidence involuntary animals. study assessed whether present orangutans ( Pongo pygmaeus; N =25) for their open-mouth faces (OMFs) during...

In mammals individual distinctiveness in vocalizations provides the basis for recognition and thus plays an important role social behavior. this study, first evidence is provided a nocturnal primate that variation across vocal repertoire to some extent determined by context acoustic structure of call types. Individual was investigated types gray mouse lemur, primate, living dispersed multi-male multi-female system. To explore what degree predict variations distinctiveness, four major were...

Abstract We investigated the sleeping site ecology of two sympatric mouse lemur species ( Microcebus murinus and M. ravelobensis ) in northwestern Madagascar during second half dry season with respect to type, quality, usage pattern sites, as well social habits response potential threats. The type quality sites differed between species. used protected wooden shelters (tree holes) more frequently than , a broader variety less (e.g., branches, lianas, leaves) . Whereas male usually slept...

Sleeping sites are a potentially important resource for grey mouse lemurs since they confronted with high daily temperature fluctuations and predation pressure. In order to determine the existence degree of competition, sleeping site characteristics, locations, usage patterns as well group compositions were investigated in 3 month field study dry deciduous forest northwestern Madagascar. The females on average better insulated safer than those males. Males used more changed often females....

It has long been claimed that human emotional expressions, such as laughter, have evolved from nonhuman displays. The aim of the current study was to test this prediction by conducting acoustic and phylogenetic analyses based on acoustics tickle-induced vocalizations orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, humans. Results revealed both important similarities differences among various species’ vocalizations, with tree reconstructed these data matching well-established genetic...

A central question in evolutionary biology is how cryptic species maintain cohesiveness an area of sympatry. The coexistence sympatrically living requires the evolution species-specific signalling and recognition systems. In nocturnal, dispersed species, specific vocalisations have been suggested to act as ideal premating isolation mechanism. We studied structure perception male advertisement calls three mouse lemur grey (Microcebus murinus), golden brown (M. ravelobensis) Goodman's...

Two classes of vomeronasal receptor genes, V1R and V2R, occur in vertebrates. Whereas, loci are found a wide variety mammals, including primates, intact V2R genes have thus far only been described rodents marsupials. In the repertoire has considered degenerate. Here, we identify for first time two strepsirrhine primate, grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus), demonstrate their expression organ. Putatively functional orthologues present other strepsirrhines, whereas, both pseudogenes range...

Mouse lemurs are suggested to represent promising novel non-human primate models for aging research. However, standardized and cross-taxa cognitive testing methods still lacking. Touchscreen-based procedures have proven high stimulus control reliability in humans rodents. The aim of this study was adapt these mouse lemurs, thereby exploring the effect age. We measured appetitive learning flexibility two age groups by applying pairwise visual discrimination (PD) reversal (PDR) tasks. On...

Abstract Bioacoustical studies in nonhuman primates have shown that loud calls can be reliably used as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for discriminating cryptic taxa, their monitoring the field well reconstruction of phylogeny. To date, it is unknown, whether these purposes sportive lemurs, which current genetic suggest existence at least 24 species. The aim this study was to compare structure populations lemurs characterize informative acoustic traits taxa discrimination and establish...

The lemurs of Madagascar provide an excellent mammalian radiation to explore mechanisms and processes favouring species diversity evolution. Species diversity, in particular nocturnal species, increased considerably during the last decade. However, factors contributing this high are not well understood. We tested predictions derived from two existing biogeographic models by exploring genetic morphological divergence among populations a widely distributed lemur genus, sportive (Lepilemur...

Duetting is defined as an interactively organized pair display in which one partner coordinates its vocalizations time with those of the other. It widespread among tropical birds and cohesive pair-living primates, it suggested to strengthen bonds. We know very little about presence function duetting dispersed mammals. studied behavior a solitary foraging, but pair-sleeping, primate, Milne Edwards' sportive lemur, dry deciduous forest north-western Madagascar. radio-tracked six pairs...

Human speech does not only communicate linguistic information but also paralinguistic features, e.g. about the identity and arousal state of sender. Comparable morphological physiological constraints on vocal production in mammals suggest existence commonalities encoding sender-identity a sender across mammals. To explore this hypothesis to investigate whether specific acoustic parameters encode for while others arousal, we studied infants domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus). Kittens are...

Voice-induced cross-taxa emotional recognition is the ability to understand state of another species based on its voice. In past, induced affective states, experience-dependent higher cognitive processes or universal acoustic coding and processing mechanisms have been discussed underlie this in humans. The present study sets out distinguish influence familiarity phylogeny voice-induced perception For first time, two perspectives are taken into account: self- (i.e. valence listener) versus...

Abstract Female dominance or female feeding priority seem to be characteristic for many lemur species, but are rare traits in other primates and mammals general. The nocturnal however, underrepresented the quantitative studies on social dominance. aim of this study is investigate pattern intersexual relationships gray mouse ( Microcebus murinus ), a species that generally thought possess number ancestral traits. context, distribution, outcome conflicts analyzed four captive groups lemurs....