A5070935142- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Urban Green Space and Health
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Environmental Education and Sustainability
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Agriculture and Rural Development Research
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Data Analysis with R
Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale
2013-2022
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2013-2022
The University of Texas at Austin
2021
University of Plymouth
2021
Centre Camille Jullian
2021
Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier
2016-2021
École Polytechnique
2019
McGill University
2006-2015
Google (United States)
2015
Imperial College London
2001-2008
We introduce <b>glmulti</b>, an <b>R</b> package for automated model selection and multi-model inference with <code>glm</code> related functions. From a list of explanatory variables, the provided function <code>glmulti</code> builds all possible unique models involving these variables and, optionally, their pairwise interactions. Restrictions can be specified candidate models, by excluding specific terms, enforcing marginality, or controlling complexity. Models are fitted standard functions...
Abstract There is mounting evidence that biodiversity increases the stability of ecosystem processes in changing environments, but mechanisms underlie this effect are still controversial and poorly understood. Here, we extend mechanistic theory competitive communities to clarify underlying diversity–stability relationships. We first explain why, contrary a widely held belief, interspecific competition should generally play destabilising role. then explore stabilising differences species'...
Independent species fluctuations are commonly used as a null hypothesis to test the role of competition and niche differences between in community stability. This hypothesis, however, is unrealistic because it ignores forces that contribute synchronization population dynamics. Here we present mechanistic neutral model describes dynamics equivalent under joint influence density dependence, environmental forcing, demographic stochasticity. We also introduce new standardized measure synchrony...
Abstract Theory predicts a positive relationship between biodiversity and stability in ecosystem properties, while diversity is expected to have negative impact on at the species level. We used virtual experiments based dynamic simulation model test for diversity–stability its underlying mechanisms Central European forests. First our results show that variability productivity stands differing composition decreases as richness functional increase. Second we temporal increases with increasing...
Internationally agreed sustainability goals are being missed. Here, we conduct global meta-analyses to assess how the extent which humans see themselves as part of nature-known human-nature connectedness (HNC)-can be used a leverage point reach sustainability. A meta-analysis 147 correlational studies shows that individuals with high HNC had more pronature behaviours and were significantly healthier than those low HNC. 59 experimental significant increases in after manipulations involving...
Abstract Our planet is facing significant changes of biodiversity across spatial scales. Although the negative effects local (α diversity) loss on ecosystem stability are well documented, consequences at larger scales, in particular biotic homogenization, that is, reduced species turnover space (β diversity), remain poorly known. Using data from 39 grassland experiments, we examine β diversity simulated landscapes while controlling for potentially confounding and abiotic factors. results...
In a general theoretical ecosystem model, we investigate the conditions under which herbivores increase primary production and lead to grazing optimization through recycling of limiting nutrient. Analytical simulation studies model several results. Grazing requires that (1) proportion nutrient lost along herbivore pathway be sufficiently smaller than throughout rest ecosystem; (2) inputs into system greater threshold value, depends on sensitivity plant uptake rate an in soil mineral An...
The Park Grass Experiment at Rothamsted in southeast England was started 1856, making it the longest-running experiment plant ecology anywhere world. Experimental inputs include a range of fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic manures) applied annually, with lime occasionally, these have led to an increase biomass and, where nitrogen form ammonium sulfate, substantial decreases soil pH. number species per plot varies from three 44 200 m(2), affording unique opportunity...
Abstract Despite growing interplay between ecological and evolutionary studies, the question of how biodiversity influences dynamics within species remains understudied. Here, using a classical model phenotypic evolution in occupying patchy environment, but introducing global change affecting patch conditions, we show that can inhibit species’ during change. The presence several increases chance one or more are pre‐adapted to new which restricts opportunity for responses all species....
The study of science-making is a growing discipline that builds largely on online publication and citation databases, while prepublication processes remain hidden. Here, we report results from large-scale survey the submission process, covering 923 scientific journals biological sciences in years 2006 to 2008. Manuscript flows among revealed modular network, with high-impact preferentially attracting submissions. However, about 75% published articles were submitted first journal would...
Populations facing novel environments can persist by adapting. In nature, the ability to adapt and will depend on interactions between coexisting individuals. Here we use an adaptive dynamic model assess how potential for evolutionary rescue is affected intra- interspecific competition. Intraspecific competition (negative density-dependence) lowers abundance, which decreases supply rate of beneficial mutations, hindering rescue. On other hand, aid when it speeds adaptation increasing...
Recent advances in food‐web ecology highlight that most real food webs (1) represent an interplay between producer‐ and detritus‐based (2) are governed by consumers which rampant omnivores; feeding on varied prey across trophic levels resource channels. A possible avenue to unify these comes from models demonstrating predators distinctly different channels may stabilize webs. Empirical studies suggest many engage such behavior items both living‐autotroph (green) (brown) webs, what we term...
The spatial scaling of stability is key to understanding ecological sustainability across scales and the sensitivity ecosystems habitat destruction. Here we propose invariability-area relationship (IAR) as a novel approach investigate stability. shape slope IAR are largely determined by patterns synchrony scales. When decays exponentially with distance, IARs exhibit three phases, characterized steeper increases in invariability at both small large Such triphasic observed for primary...
Life-history evolution is determined by the interplay between natural selection and adaptive constraints. The classical approach to studying constrained life-history evolution-Richard Levins's geometric comparison of fitness sets functions-is applicable when pressures are frequency independent. Here we extend this widely used tool frequency-dependent selection. Such vary with a population's phenotypic composition increasingly recognized as ubiquitous. Under dependence, two independent...
Inputs of available nitrogen (N) to ecosystems have grown over the recent past. There is limited general understanding how increased N inputs affect cycling and retention other potentially limiting nutrients. Using a plant-soil nutrient model, by explicitly coupling phosphorus (P) in plant biomass, we examine impact increasing supply on ecosystem P, assuming that main increase growth. We find divergent responses P cycle depending specific pathway which nutrients are lost from ecosystem....
Abstract Ecological stability refers to a family of concepts used describe how systems interacting species vary through time and respond disturbances. Because observed ecological depends on sampling scales environmental context, it is notoriously difficult compare measurements across sites systems. Here, we apply stochastic dynamical theory derive general statistical scaling relationships time, space, level organisation for three fundamental aspects: resilience, resistance, invariance. These...
Summary A mutualism is a mutually beneficial interaction between individuals of two species. Here we show that the degree benefit resulting from an depends on whether adaptation within considered. species’ proximate response measures short‐term effect addition or removal partner species, without allowing for any adaptation. We define as in which each results decreased performance other, i.e. both species positive to presence partner. might, however, only reflect evolved dependence (i.e. has...
Resource ratio theory predicts that two species may coexist in the presence of limiting nutrients provided each is limited by resource it least able to deplete. We modify this classical competition model allow interspecific cooperation through trading. show trade expands realm stable coexistence, and optimal trading partners competitively invade exclude any other or non-trading strategy. natural selection favours evolution towards establishment a relationship so long as can establish...
Classic resource competition theory typically treats supply rates as independent; however, nutrient supplies can be affected by plants indirectly, with important consequences for model predictions. We demonstrate this general phenomenon using a in which nitrogen is mediated soil moisture, competitive outcomes including coexistence and multiple stable states well exclusion. In the model, moisture regulates availability through dependence of microbial processes, leaching, plant uptake. By...
Although competing species are expected to exhibit compensatory dynamics (negative temporal covariation), empirical work has demonstrated that competitive communities often synchronous (positive covariation). This led the suggestion environmental forcing dominates dynamics; however, and may appear at different length scales and/or times, making it challenging identify their relative importance. We compiled 58 long-term datasets of zooplankton abundance in north-temperate sub-tropical lakes...