A5037036640- Plant and animal studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Biological Control of Invasive Species
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
- Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions
- Weed Control and Herbicide Applications
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Botanical Research and Chemistry
- Entomological Studies and Ecology
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
University of California, Davis
2016-2025
Institute for Advanced Study
2023
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2017
Ecological Society of America
2017
University of Toronto
2015
Google (United States)
2014
Levi Strauss (United States)
2013
Brown University
2011
Case Western Reserve University
2011
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
1994-2011
▪ Abstract Ecologists and evolutionary biologists are broadly interested in how the interactions among organisms influence their abundance, distribution, phenotypes, genotypic composition. Recently, we have seen a growing appreciation of multispecies can act synergistically or antagonistically to alter ecological outcomes ways that differ fundamentally from predicted by pairwise interactions. Here, review evidence for criteria identified detect community-based, diffuse coevolution. These...
Some species introduced into new geographical areas from their native ranges wreak ecological and economic havoc in environment. Although many studies have searched for either or habitat characteristics that predict invasiveness of exotic species, the match between invader those members existing community may be essential to understanding invasiveness. Here, we find one metric, phylogenetic relatedness an community, provides a predictive tool Using supertree all grass California, show highly...
The relationship between phylogenetic distance and ecological similarity is key to understanding mechanisms of community assembly, a central goal ecology. field phylogenetics uses information infer assembly; we explore, the underlying niche. We combined experiment using 32 native plant species with molecular phylogeny found that closely related shared similar germination early survival niches. Species also competed more close relatives than distant in soils; however, potting soil this...
The forces that maintain genetic diversity among individuals and species are usually studied separately. Nevertheless, at one of these levels may depend on the other. We have combined observations natural populations, quantitative genetics, field experiments to show variation in concentration an allelopathic secondary compound Brassica nigra is necessary for coexistence B. its competitor species. In addition, competing was required maintenance trait within nigra. Thus, conservation also...
A goal of evolutionary biology is to understand the roles geography and ecology in speciation. The recent shared ancestry sister species can leave a major imprint on their geographical ecological attributes, possibly revealing processes involved We examined how similarity, range overlap asymmetry are related time since divergence 71 pairs California Floristic Province (CFP). found that plants exhibit strikingly different age-range correlation patterns from those for animals; latter broadly...
Abstract Evolutionary principles are now routinely incorporated into medicine and agriculture. Examples include the design of treatments that slow evolution resistance by weeds, pests, pathogens, breeding programs maximize crop yield or quality. also increasingly conservation biology, natural resource management, environmental science. protection small isolated populations from inbreeding depression, identification key traits involved in adaptation to climate change, harvesting regimes...
Abstract Understanding the processes determining species range limits is central to predicting distributions under climate change. Projected future ranges are extrapolated from distribution models based on layers, and few incorporate effects of biotic interactions species' distributions. Here, we show that a positive interaction ameliorates abiotic stress, has profound effect limits. Combining field surveys 92 populations, 10 common garden experiments throughout range, greenhouse...
Our past focus on seed production as a surrogate for total plant fitness may have created bias in our assessments of the effects herbivory plants. This be especially pronounced if male and female are differentially affected by damage. I describe leaf several floral characters, including traits associated with fitness. Changes caused foliar can also affect relationships pollinators. Here, highlight some understudied, indirect ways which is herbivory. then how considering these other routes to...
Theory predicts that plant defensive traits are costly due to trade-offs between allocation defense and growth reproduction. Most previous studies of costs focused on female fitness constitutively expressed defenses. Consideration alternative strategies, such as induced defenses tolerance herbivory, multiple types costs, including male reproductive function, may increase our ability detect against herbivores. In this study we measured associated with responses herbivory in annual wild radish...
Plant species exhibiting polymorphisms with respect to flower color are widespread. Our understanding of the selection pressures that may maintain these has primarily been confined one set organisms—pollinators. Yet, on also be driven by other agents, such as herbivores, especially in cases where pollinators and herbivores using same or correlated traits select plants. A wealth studies have documented pollinator preference for anthocyanin-recessive morphs (A−; yellow white flowers) wild...
According to theory, gene flow marginal populations may stall or aid adaptation at range limits by swamping peripheral with maladaptive enhancing genetic variability and reducing inbreeding depression, respectively. We tested these contrasting predictions manipulating patterns of the annual plant, Mimulus laciniatus , its warm limit. Gene was experimentally applied using crosses within warm-limit (selfed outcrossed), between populations, central across two elevational transects. measured...
Summary 1The presence, concentration and composition of plant secondary compounds, which confer resistance to herbivores pathogens, vary greatly both within among individuals. Optimal defence theory predicts that tissues most closely tied fitness should be defended at the constitutive level, more expendable inducible with damage. 2We examined variation in glucosinolate content between leaves petals, as well four petal colour morphs wild radish, Raphanus sativus . We predicted greater...
The effects of three herbivores on growth, survivorship, and fruit production smooth sumac (Rhus glabra) were measured over the 1984—1986 growing seasons. herbivores, a specialist chrysomelid beetle (Blepharida rhois), cerambycid (Oberea ocellata), whitetail deer (Odocoileus virginianus), feed different plant pans are active during times year. My goals to determine (1) ramets each herbivore separately in combination several years,(2) whether consistent from year year, (3)whether history...
Experiments were conducted over several years to assess the effects of three most abundant herbivores (a thrips, a spittlebug, and plume moth) on growth reproduction their long—lived, iteroparous host plant. In greenhouse experiment, thrips reduced root biomass seedlings, but not shoot biomass. No correlation was found between density thirps change in aboveground area plants after monitoring for 3 yr field. Thirps fed phyllaries corollas flower heads, as well leaves, particularly damaging...