Sodium channels isolated from mammalian brain are composed of α, β1, and β2 subunits. The auxiliary β subunits do not form the ion conducting pore, yet play important roles in channel modulation plasma membrane expression. β1 transmembrane proteins with one extracellular V-set immunoglobulin (Ig) protein domain. It has been shown recently that interact matrix tenascin-C tenascin-R. In present study we show rat β2, but αIIA, a <i>trans</i>-homophilic fashion, resulting recruitment...

The induction of high-rate protein secretion entails increased biogenesis secretory apparatus organelles. We examined the in B cell line CH12 because it can be induced vitro to secrete immunoglobulin (Ig). Upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), cells IgM 12-fold. This was accompanied by preferential expansion ER and Golgi complex. Three parameters rough changed: its area volume 3.3- 3.7-fold, respectively, density membrane-bound ribosomes 3.5-fold. Similarly, stack 3.3-fold,...

Fasciclin I is a membrane-associated glycoprotein that regionally expressed on subset of fasciculating axons during neuronal development in insects; it apposing cell surfaces, suggesting role specific adhesion. In this paper we show Drosophila fasciclin novel homophilic adhesion molecule. When the nonadhesive S2 cells are transfected with cDNA, they form aggregates blocked by antisera against I. expressing mixed III, another molecule, mixture sorts into homogeneous for either I- or...

A novel member of the cadherin family cell adhesion molecules has been characterized by cloning from rat liver, sequencing corresponding cDNA, and functional analysis after heterologous expression in nonadhesive S2 cells. cDNA clones were isolated using a polyclonal antibody inhibiting Ca(2+)-dependent intercellular hepatoma As inferred deduced amino acid sequence, molecule homologies with E-, P-, N-cadherins, but differs these classical cadherins four characteristics. Its extracellular...

New instructional technologies have been increasingly incorporated into the medical school learning environment, including lecture video recordings as a substitute for live attendance. The literature presents varying conclusions regarding how this alternative experience impacts students' academic success. Previously, multi‐year study of first‐year histology component at University Michigan found that attendance was positively correlated with success, while use negatively correlated. Here,...

Sodium channel β subunits modulate kinetic properties and cell surface expression levels function as adhesion molecules. β1 β2 participate in homophilic resulting ankyrin recruitment to contact sites. We hypothesized that a tyrosine residue the cytoplasmic domain of may be important for tested our hypothesis using mutants replacing Tyr¹⁸¹ with alanine (β1Y181A), phenylalanine (β1Y181F), or glutamate (β1Y181E), truncated construct deleting all residues beyond...

A primary receptor-binding region of mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF) was identified by comparing the relative affinities selected synthetic fragments with overlapping sequences in EGF assay, using human foreskin fibroblasts. Only peptides containing amino acid residues 20-31 sequence showed ability to compete 125I-labeled binding receptors. The cyclic fragment [Ala20]EGF-(14-31) and linear [(S-acetamidomethyl)-Cys20,31]-EGF-(20-31) were approximately 1/10(4) affinity EGF. Despite their...

The protein ankyrin links integral membrane proteins to the spectrin-based skeleton. Ankyrin is often concentrated within restricted domains of polarized epithelia and neurons, but mechanisms responsible for targeting its segregation a continuous lipid bilayer remain unexplained. We provide evidence that neuroglian, cell adhesion molecule related L1 neurofascin, can transmit positional information directly thereby polarize distribution in Drosophila S2 tissue culture cells. was not normally...

Abstract Drosophila neurotactin is a transmembrane glycoprotein with an apparent molecular mass of 135 x 103 Neurotac tin regionally expressed at the cellular blastoderm stage; later in embryogenesis expression protein becomes restricted to cells peripheral and central nervous system. Immunocytochemical localiz ation shows points cell-cell contact. Using anti-neurotactin monoclonal antibody BP-106, cDNA was isolated that encodes 846 residue polypeptide. The chromosomal location gene 73C....

Secretory proteins are synthesized on ribosomes bound to the membrane of endoplasmic reticulum (ER). After selection polysomes synthesizing secretory and their direction ER via signal recognition particle (SRP) docking protein respectively, become an unknown, protein-mediated mechanism. To identify involved in translocation, beyond (SRP-docking protein-mediated) step, controlled proteolysis was used functionally inactivate rough microsomes that had previously been depleted protein. As...

Auditory neuropathy is a rare form of deafness characterized by an absent or abnormal auditory brainstem response with preservation outer hair cell function. We have identified Diaphanous homolog 3 ( DIAPH3 ) as the gene responsible for autosomal dominant nonsyndromic AUNA1 ), which we previously mapped to chromosome 13q21-q24. Genotyping additional family members narrowed interval 11-Mb, 3.28-cM gene-poor region containing only four genes, including . DNA sequencing revealed c.-172G &gt; A,...

Histology is a traditional core basic science component of most medical and dental education programs presents didactic challenge for many students. Identifying students that are likely to struggle with histology would allow early intervention support encourage their learning success. To identify student characteristics associated success in histology, three first‐year school classes at the University Michigan (&gt;440 students) were surveyed about educational background, attitudes toward...

Electronic learning resources are popular with today's students. However, how students choose their favorite e-learning is not well-understood. The SecondLookTM histology self-review tool was offered in three different interfaces to participating two courses (Cell and Developmental Biology [CDB] 450/550 DENT 510). These included PowerPoint files, an online website, a mobile application (app). Identical content, each interface had specific advantages disadvantages respect compatible devices,...

Bloom's taxonomy was adopted to create a subject‐specific scoring tool for histology multiple‐choice questions (MCQs). This Taxonomy Histology Tool (BTHT) used analyze teacher‐ and student‐generated quiz examination from graduate level course. Multiple‐choice using histological images were generally assigned higher BTHT than simple text questions. The type of microscopy technique (light or electron microscopy) these image‐based did not result in any significant differences their scores....

Over the last 20 years, virtual microscopy has become predominant modus of teaching structural organization cells, tissues, and organs, replacing use optical microscopes glass slides in a traditional histology or pathology laboratory setting. Although image files can easily be duplicated, creating them requires not only quality histological but also an expensive whole slide microscopic scanner massive data storage devices. These resources are available to all educators researchers,...

The adhesive function of classical cadherins depends on the association with cytoplasmic proteins, termed catenins, which serve as a link between and actin cytoskeleton. LI-cadherin, structurally different member cadherin family, mediates Ca2+-dependent cell–cell adhesion, although its markedly short domain exhibits no homology to this highly conserved region cadherins. We now examined whether LI-cadherin interaction cytoskeleton or other components. In contrast cadherins, when expressed in...

Neural cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are important players during neurogenesis and neurite outgrowth as well axonal fasciculation pathfinding. Some of these developmental processes entail the activation cellular signaling cascades. Pharmacological genetic evidence indicates that outgrowth-promoting activity L1-type CAMs is at least in part mediated by stimulation neuronal receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), especially FGF EGF receptors. It has long been suspected neural might physically...